Sentences with phrase «existing ice surface»
Unlike «snow ice,» which forms when melting snow refreezes on an existing ice surface, congelation ice contains very few bubbles.
https://www.scientificamerican.com/ Not exact matches
As many surface melt - water lakes form each summer around the Greenland ice sheet, the possibility exists that similar subglacial lakes may be found elsewhere in Greenland.
At Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, Viktor Petrenko has developed a novel aircraft de-icing heater that rids surfaces of ice faster while using just 1 per cent of the power consumed by existing systems.
Multiple observations indicate that the flowing water responsible for shaping and moving the rounded pebbles encountered in the vicinity of the rover landing area has long since been lost to space, though some of it may still exist deep below the surface of the planet at equatorial locations (water ice is known to exist near the surface at the poles).
His team has shown that the brightest regions detected by the radio telescopes match up with the coldest areas on Mercury, where ice can exist on the surface.
Materials known to exist at Pluto's surface from ground - based spectroscopic observations include highly volatile cryogenic ices of N2 and CO, along with somewhat less volatile CH4 ice, as well as H2O and C2H6 ices and more complex tholins that are inert at Pluto surface temperatures.
As significant uncertainties about the thickness of the surface ice still exist, some planetary scientists have identified two possible mechanisms for how possible volcanic heat can escape to the surface from Europa's rocky mantle and be carried upward by buoyant oceanic currents.
«The assumption has been that surface ice on Mercury exists predominantly in large craters, but we show evidence for these smaller - scale deposits as well,» said Ariel Deutsch, the study's lead author and a Ph.D. candidate at Brown.
Knowing that these small - scale deposits exist, and that they're likely the source of the slightly brighter surface outside craters, could dramatically increase the ice inventory on Mercury.
Now it appears an ice analog of these plates exists on the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa.
The Cassini mission revealed that Enceladus has a hotspot at its south pole and propels geysers of ice crystals from its surface, indicating to scientists that liquid water likely exists beneath its surface.
Therefore, it not only melts existing ice, Safe Paw coats the surface to inhibit ice from forming the next time bad weather strikes.
An example of this kind of surprise happened in relation to the Antarctic ozone hole, where unexpected chemistry on surfaces of ice particles lead to much more efficient destruction of ozone in the polar vortex than had been expected, making an existing concern into a serious problem.
GISS also masks sea surface temperature wherever sea ice has existed so there is little data in the Arctic Ocean.
-- Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this section, the Administrator, taking into consideration the public health and environmental impacts of black carbon emissions, including the effects on global and regional warming, the Arctic, and other snow and ice - covered surfaces, shall propose regulations under the existing authorities of this Act to reduce emissions of black carbon or propose a finding that existing regulations promulgated pursuant to this Act adequately regulate black carbon emissions.
On the surface, Plimer does seem to have a point: if ice - caps managed to exist back then in an ultra-high CO2 environment, why are the vast majority of climate scientists worrying so much about keeping CO2 levels piddlingly low?
Just as Greg says (and Joseph on many occasions), and rightfully so, the Sun must provide at least enough thermal energy to the surface to melt ice, or we could not exist here.
The large ice shelves can exist in part due to the lower surface melt rates and the lower flow rates of the glacier.
The land that existed was ice free which meant that there was more convection because the surface could warm up more in the sunlight (ice / snow are thermally limited in warming up).
ALSO, when the ice core is removed from «down under», where there exists high pressure at the bottom of the ice column, the pressure is removed, and the ice bubbles, retaining the pressure from below, diffuse faster toward lower pressure at the surface.
Since full melt of all grounded ice is equal to over 70 metres of sea level rise, then it follows that there is the equivalent volume of 70 metres of ocean surface that is currently existing as ice at less than zero C.
Without this greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be 255 degrees kelvin -LRB--18 degrees Celsius or 0 degrees Fahrenheit); a temperature so low that all water on Earth would freeze, the oceans would turn into ice and life, as we know it, would not exist.