Sentences with phrase «expected effect size»

We also think that it would be more informative to present what expected effect size the experimental design would be able to detect with a power of 0.7 - 0.8.

However, we do not pause long enough to consult the evidence on expected effect sizes and assemble a list of reforms that could plausibly succeed in achieving our ambitious goals.

Not exact matches

This was a cluster - randomised trial and authors stated they did not make allowance for clustering in the sample size calculation as the cluster effect was expected to be small.

However there seems to be little hope in this direction, as even the government agencies expected to absorb some of these unemployed youths are also consistently down - sizing, leaving huge, negative multiplier effect on the economy while creating a myriad of social problems.

«Many biologists would have expected to find a strong effect of group size,» Fagan said, «with input from more birds» brains leading to improved navigation, but we didn't see that effect.»

«Our evidence shows that it could be applied to other products successfully, though I expect the size of the effect to be smaller than what we found in our study.

The passage is so narrow — comparable to the size of the electrons considered in their wavelike manifestation — that quantum effects are expected to occur.

Finally, if the macaques have had an evolutionarily significant effect on prey biology, we would expect to find that shellfish on Koram, which are exposed to increased predation pressure, mature at a younger age (and smaller size) than shellfish on NomSao island.

Lead author Corina Greven says: «The specific genes involved in academic self - confidence remain to be identified, but we expect them to be many genes of small effect size, and their effects will be probabilistic rather than deterministic.

If you double the size of the meal to 1000 calories, 100 calories (or 10 %) would be expected to be burned due to the thermic effect of food, so you would have a net calorie consumption of 1000 - 100 = 900 calories.

Production values are at the highest levels, so we can also expect nominations for cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema, who figured out how to take large - size cameras into challenging small places, production designer Nathan Crowley, editor Lee Smith, costume designer Jeffrey Kurland, VFX supervisor Andrew Jackson, and special effects supervisor Scott Fisher, not to mention composer Hans Zimmer, who is often taken for granted but is at the top of his game here.

Picus and Odden convey the magnitude of achievement gains that can be expected from their evidence - based policies through a unit of measurement known as effect size.

Effect size is the change in standard deviations of achievement that can be expected, according to the research, from the introduction of a given policy.

There is little reason to believe that the effect sizes identified in their work indicate what can be expected from implementing any policy on a broad scale.

«While a handful of SEL programs have been tested and shown to improve children's SEL skills as well as academic, mental health, and behavioral outcomes, the effect sizes are smaller than we would expect,» says Jones.

Grass - roots, small scale trial and error will never discern the effect sizes we should be expecting.

The moderating effects of organizational characteristics are to be expected, since district size and school size almost always «make a difference,» no matter what the focus of the research is.180 Elementary schools are typically more sensitive than secondary schools to leadership influence, although previous leader - efficacy research has reported mostly non-significant effects.181 And the rapid turnover of principals has been widely decried as anathema to school improvement efforts.182 Now we have some evidence that the positive effects of leader efficacy are also moderated by school and district size (the larger the organization, the less sense of efficacy among principals).

In his ranking, socioeconomic status has an effect size of 0.57, meaning that a student growing up in poverty may be expected to perform roughly a year and a half behind an otherwise similar student growing up more wealthy.

BMW's Integral Active Steering can turn the rear wheels to tighten things up even more; the effect isn't quite as scale - shrinking as in the B7, where you could easily come to believe you're driving a 5 Series sized car, but it definitely leaves the M760i far more nimble than you'd expect.

Is the finding in «Expected Stock Market Volatility and the Size Effect» that the size effect concentrates in intervals after months of very high stock market volatility robustly evident from liquid exchange - traded funds (ESize Effect» that the size effect concentrates in intervals after months of very high stock market volatility robustly evident from liquid exchange - traded funds Effect» that the size effect concentrates in intervals after months of very high stock market volatility robustly evident from liquid exchange - traded funds (Esize effect concentrates in intervals after months of very high stock market volatility robustly evident from liquid exchange - traded funds effect concentrates in intervals after months of very high stock market volatility robustly evident from liquid exchange - traded funds (ETF)?

Faults are deviations in appearance that have an effect on the health and working ability of the dog, as well as an absence of expected features of colour, structure, and size, indicating that a dog with such faults should not be bred.

Reduced allelic diversity and heterozygosity are expected consequences of founder effects, genetic drift, and inbreeding, which are associated with colonization and subsequent small population size (Frankham 1997, 1998).

Other than that, the controls work as you would expect — you have various drawing tools and a full custom colour palette along with a few effects like fire and snow, as well as the ability to simply create shapes like spheres and cubes at a custom size.

But you can look at past climate records, and see no sign, over many thousands of years, that solar variations have had effects of anything like the size needed to cancel out the expected effects of increased greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere over the next few decades.

In other words, studies with larger sample sizes are expected to have lower variances and will accordingly provide more precise estimates of the true population effect size (Hedges and Olkin 1985; Shadish and Haddock 1994; Cooper 1998).

27 In the late 1970s, the United States and many other countries banned most uses of CFCs in aerosol sprays In 1990, many nations agreed to phase out the production and use of CFCs The size of the ozone layer is expected to gradually shrink over time as these decreases take effect RESULTS OF OZONE DEPLETION

[30] This was followed by articles printed in the Wilmington morning star and the Baltimore Sun newspapers in mid to late January 1991, with the popular TV scientist personality of the time, Carl Sagan, who was also the co-author of the first few nuclear winter papers along with Richard P. Turco, John W. Birks, Alan Robock and Paul Crutzen together collectively stated that they expected catastrophic nuclear winter like effects with continental sized impacts of «sub-freezing» temperatures as a result of if the Iraqis went through with their threats of igniting 300 to 500 pressurized oil wells and they burned for a few months.

A Hedge g effect size estimate was used in the power analysis because it includes a correction for sample size and is therefore more appropriate to use with small samples.26 The interpretation of g is similar to the interpretation of the Cohen d: 0.80 or greater is considered large, 0.50 to 0.79 is considered medium, and 0.20 to 0.49 is considered small.27 A minimum effect size of g = 1.0 was expected based on prior uncontrolled studies of CBCT and the broader psychotherapy research for PTSD.28 An effect size of g = 1.0 represents an approximately 25 - point improvement in total CAPS scores.

For example, as expected, the scales for optimism, self - concept, and satisfaction with life correlated strongly positively with each other, and negatively with sadness and worries, whereas the scales of empathy and prosocial behavior exhibited correlations of small effect size with sadness and worries, and small to moderate ones with optimism, self - concept, and satisfaction with life.

Where n is the sample size, Z is the statistic corresponding to the level of confidence, i.e., 1.96 — 95 % confidence interval (CI), p is expected prevalence (obtained from same studies or a pilot study), and d is the precision (corresponding to effect size).

Indeed, sensitivity accounted for less variance than was expected (effect sizes 0.24 - 0.32).

Quality has been defined in terms of both process (activities) and structure (teacher characteristics, class size, etc.) and is poor to mediocre in many countries.6 - 7 The effects of variations in care are not expected to be uniform; rather, it is expected to vary with the characteristics of the children, their families, and the broader social contexts in which they live.

It is a function of several factors, including: 1) the size of the sample; 2) the magnitude of the expected effect; and 3) the type of statistical test used.

We expected studies that used questionnaires with items on non-illegal problem behavior to result in weaker effect sizes than measures reporting illegal offences only.

A similar effect size difference on the SDQ would therefore be expected in the current study.

A medium effect size was expected [6, 7, 8].

Small between - group effect sizes were expected.

The distribution of effect sizes should be shaped as a funnel if no publication bias is present, since the more numerous studies with small sample sizes are expected to show a larger variation in the magnitude of effect sizes than the less numerous studies with large effect sizes.

As a small effect size is expected with a universal sample, the size of the pilot trial is 128 mothers.