Sentences with phrase «explained by the proxies»

Within the calibration period, the fraction of variance of temperature that is explained by the proxies naturally decreases as the noise level of the proxies increases.

The fraction of variance that is not explained by the proxies is associated with the residuals, and their variance is one part of the mean squared prediction error, which determines the width of the error band.

Not exact matches

As explained above, agonist muscle forces (as indicated by the proxy of EMG) are probably largely similar when lifting the same relative load (but a different absolute load) under stable and unstable conditions.

Second, the quantity of methane necessary to explain the carbon isotope ratio, as calculated by Dickens, would be much less than that required to warm ocean and atmosphere temperatures to the extent estimated by PETM temperature proxies and calculated by physical climate models.

Based on the GISP2 ice core proxy record from Greenland it has previously been pointed out that the present period of warming since 1850 to a high degree may be explained by a natural c. 1100 yr periodic temperature variation (Humlum et al., 2011).

One particular problem explained convincingly by Steve McI and by Richard Telford in the discussion at CA is that the the modern end of the alkenone proxies is commonly assumed that they extend to 1950.

(This abject failure can be explained in part, if not excused, by M&M's misleading description of their random proxies as consisting of «trendless» or «persistent» red noise, a nomenclature found nowhere else).

As McShane and Wyner explain, temperature reconstructions are typically evaluated by checking a «held back» window within the instrumental - proxy overlap period, which in the case of Mann et al was from 1850 - 1995.

Many of the changes in land - surface temperature can be explained by a combination of volcanoes and a proxy for human greenhouse gas emissions.

In testimony before the US Senate in 2003, he stated: It is the consensus of the climate research community that the anomalous warmth of the late 20th century can not be explained by natural factors, but instead indicates significant anthropogenic, that is human influences... More than a dozen independent research groups have now reconstructed the average temperature of the northern hemisphere in past centuries... The proxy reconstructions, taking into account these uncertainties, indicate that the warming of the northern hemisphere during the late 20th century... is unprecedented over at least the past millennium and it now appears based on peer - reviewed research, probably the past two millennia.

Interestingly, credit scores did not simply act as a proxy for income; instead, the link between credit scores and cardiovascular disease risk was largely explained by study members» level of human capital: their educational attainment, cognitive ability, and self - control.