The importance of additional school resources for student achievement has long been debated, with many researchers arguing that school resources do not matter much in
explaining differences in student achievement between schools, and therefore that money does not matter.
This is a significant opportunity, given that the evidence suggests that teacher quality is the most important school factor in
explaining differences in student performance.
In one example presented in Instructional Rounds, four teachers were struggling to
explain the difference in student achievement in their various classes.
school - based factors that
explain differences in student performance and program implementation (e.g., instructional expertise, curriculum implementation, learning gaps, staffing, leadership, material resources);
Answering that question in different voucher programs will help
explain differences in students» outcomes between private and public schools, both within and between different states.
Not exact matches
While these
differences are not problematic
in and of themselves, they may
explain broader trends that do have a much bigger impact on a
student's educational progress.
1) That while it's possible that genes may play some role
in explaining these
differences, much of it comes down to culture, environment, and the fact that the questions on IQ tests are all written by graduate
students from Connecticut and begin, «Teddy leaves Sag Harbor on the brunchtime jitney...»
The findings might have departed from prior studies because of the
difference in size and study design, he said,
explaining that much of the previous work
in this area has been conducted
in groups of 100 or fewer and mostly involved
student subjects.
The study demonstrates how
differences in wealth, family background, postsecondary educational
differences and parental contributions to college, may
explain this disparity
in student loan debt between blacks and whites.
Schools, teacher quality and family income all play a large role
in student success, but these factors do not fully
explain the academic
differences seen
in the U.S. between whites and disadvantaged racial / ethnic minorities, including blacks and Hispanics.
However, when adjusting for other factors, they found no statistically significant
differences between lower - income and middle - class
students that might
explain higher myopia prevalence
in richer areas.
But those
differences in representation are not
explained by
differences in persistence from the bachelor's to Ph.D. degree, said David Miller, an advanced doctoral
student in psychology at Northwestern and lead author of the study.
If, for instance, the families of
students who were and were not awarded a seat through a lottery had the same effect on reading and families controlled half the gains
in reading, then the
difference between the estimated math and reading effects would be fully
explained.
The disparate findings regarding the relationship between Texas's scores on TAAS and NAEP can be partially
explained by
differences in the time periods and grade levels examined, and by the presence or absence of controls for
student demographics.
Differences are unable to explain the much larger differences in student achievement between the United States and other
Differences are unable to
explain the much larger
differences in student achievement between the United States and other
differences in student achievement between the United States and other countries.
First, we use our entire sample to analyze the extent to which the schools that
students attend can
explain the overall variation
in student test scores and fluid cognitive skills, controlling for
differences in prior achievement and
student demographic characteristics (including gender, age, race / ethnicity, and whether the
student is from a low - income family, is an English language learner, or is enrolled
in special education).
To see whether this disparity could
explain my findings, I adjusted the data to eliminate the effect of
differences in the number of
students at each school with similar GPAs.
The file contains brief notes to
explain the main
differences, which the
students can then expand on
in their own responses.
He has identified a «hinge point» of 0.40 to identify actions «that could be considered «working»
in terms of making a visible
difference in student learning,» as he
explains in Visible Learning for Teachers.
There is a significant body of high - quality evidence showing that part of this
difference is causal (not
explained by
differences in student characteristics between two - and four - year colleges), although community colleges likely increase educational attainment relative to not attending college at all (http://papers.ccpr.ucla.edu/papers/PWP-CCPR-2012-004/PWP-CCPR-2012-004.pdf).
50 Years Ago, One Report... Chalkbeat, 7/13/16 «
In fact, differences in school funding do not explain students» different outcome
In fact,
differences in school funding do not explain students» different outcome
in school funding do not
explain students» different outcomes.
These findings also illustrate vividly the problem introduced by the Coleman analytical approach: finding that measured teacher
differences have limited ability to
explain variations
in student achievement is very different from concluding that schools and teachers can not powerfully affect
student outcomes.
Before Putnam employed the concept to
explain differences in governmental performance between northern and southern Italy, Coleman and his colleagues developed it to theorize why
students in Catholic schools excel academically relative to their public school peers.
Steinberg and Lacoe note a shortcoming of this work is its inability to control for
students» prior disciplinary records, suggesting that might
explain justifiable
differences in severity of punishment for similar infractions —
in this case, the results would overestimate discrimination's impact.
We investigate whether these
differences across schools can be
explained by
differences in relative kindergarten readiness of advantaged and disadvantaged
students, and we find that pre-school preparation is unlikely to
explain the cross-school
differences that we find.
[12] We investigate the degree to which schools vary
in the gap between high and low socioeconomic status
students, and then see whether these
differences can be
explained by
differences in the pre-school preparation of high and low socioeconomic status
students.
And could
differences in teachers» expectations of white
students and black
students help to
explain gaps
in key outcomes such as college enrollment and completion?
In short, institutional variation across countries explains far more of the variation in student test scores than do differences in the resources devoted to educatio
In short, institutional variation across countries
explains far more of the variation
in student test scores than do differences in the resources devoted to educatio
in student test scores than do
differences in the resources devoted to educatio
in the resources devoted to education.
We found that about half of the
difference in student outcomes
in schools slated for closure and the broader sample of schools can be
explained by
differences in incoming
students» demographic characteristics, absenteeism, and achievement
in middle school.
Notwithstanding this debate, the international variation
in student performance levels
in mathematics and science is a fact, and it is generally accepted that
differences in the amount of resources given to the education sector do not fully
explain why performance levels vary.
My working hypothesis is that
differences in educational institutions
explain more of the international variation
in student performance than
differences in the resources nations devote to schooling.
There's no reason to believe that the absence of high school sports
explains the
difference between
student achievement
in the US and countries like Finland and South Korea.
The Education Next research article «Stuck
in the Middle,» featured
in the Fall 2010 issue of Education Next, finds that the steep drop - off
in middle - school
students» academic achievement may be linked to the larger number of
students in each grade level but can not be
explained by
differences in per - pupil spending or class size, which were similar
in middle and K - 8 schools.
Even
in places where low - income and minority
students are disproportionately assigned less - effective teachers, such
differences explain only a small share of the total
difference in performance between high - income and low - income
students.
In OECD countries generally, a large percentage of between - school variation in student performance is «explained» by differences in students» and schools» socioeconomic circumstance
In OECD countries generally, a large percentage of between - school variation
in student performance is «explained» by differences in students» and schools» socioeconomic circumstance
in student performance is «
explained» by
differences in students» and schools» socioeconomic circumstance
in students» and schools» socioeconomic circumstances.
Explain the
difference in results (i.e., the
students» size gets smaller with increasing distance).
As Stern Strom
explains, after so many years, «we've been able to demonstrate what we said we were doing,
in a full way,»
in part because there's a much better understanding of the complex issues Facing History explores with
students and teachers — issues like racism, prejudice, hatred,
difference, and anti-Semitism.
Meanwhile,
in the United Kingdom, a recent study of the design principles of 153 primary classrooms concluded that «
differences in the physical characteristics of classrooms
explain 16 percent of the variation
in learning progress over a year,» and that «ownership and flexibility» — the ability to adapt the surroundings to individual
student preferences — accounted for a quarter of that
difference.
Students explain the similarities and
differences in the life cycles of organisms.
Hanushek points out that actual spending increases during the time period they studied was more like 100 percent, gaps have not closed, and other explanations for low performance such as increases
in the numbers of
students in poverty don't
explain the
difference.
«We found higher levels of classroom engagement after lessons
in nature than after carefully matched classroom - based counterparts; these
differences could not be
explained by
differences in teacher, instructional approach, class (
students, classroom, and class size), time of year, or time of day, nor the order of the indoor and outdoor lessons on a given topic.
Recognizing that disparities
in disciplinary rates may be caused by a range of factors, the U.S. Departments of Education and Justice said
in a joint letter that these
differences can not be
explained by more frequent or more serious behavior by
students of color, but rather, «schools may be engaging
in racial discrimination that violates the federal civil rights law.»
In comparing the results of the Program for International Student Assessment in 65 countries, OECD researchers found that differences among countries grade - retention trends could explain up to 15 percent of the variance among average scores on the 2009 PIS
In comparing the results of the Program for International
Student Assessment
in 65 countries, OECD researchers found that differences among countries grade - retention trends could explain up to 15 percent of the variance among average scores on the 2009 PIS
in 65 countries, OECD researchers found that
differences among countries grade - retention trends could
explain up to 15 percent of the variance among average scores on the 2009 PISA.
[26]
Differences in random error could also
explain lower reliability
in middle schools if the reliability of the tests is lower, which would offset the advantage of having more
students.
In this lesson,
students conduct a comparative analysis of different financial institutions and
explain the
differences between checking and savings accounts.
In this activity students analyze data on the expression of the tb1 gene and use it to formulate an explanation as to how a specific difference in the corn version of the gene explains the phenotype of less branchin
In this activity
students analyze data on the expression of the tb1 gene and use it to formulate an explanation as to how a specific
difference in the corn version of the gene explains the phenotype of less branchin
in the corn version of the gene
explains the phenotype of less branching.
They then use as an example the 0.044 (p < 0.05) coefficient (as related to more classroom observations with explicit feedback tied to the Common Core) and
explain that «a
difference of one standard deviation
in the observation and feedback index was associated with an increase of 0.044 standard deviations
in students» mathematics test scores — roughly the equivalent of 1.4 scale score points on the PARCC assessment and 4.1 scale score points on the SBAC.»
The process can include assessing whether certain characteristics — such as the qualifications of teachers or counselor -
student ratios — can
explain some of the
differences in the number of advanced courses schools offer.
The study's author suggests (without really
explaining why) that iPads are preferable to other kinds of devices, but we haven't seen that the
difference in the kind of device that is used by
students makes much
difference.
In a separate study, Hough, Demetra Kalogrides, and Susanna Loeb of Stanford found 5 percent of the differences in schools» math growth in elementary school and 6 percent of the differences in math growth in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
In a separate study, Hough, Demetra Kalogrides, and Susanna Loeb of Stanford found 5 percent of the
differences in schools» math growth in elementary school and 6 percent of the differences in math growth in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in schools» math growth
in elementary school and 6 percent of the differences in math growth in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in elementary school and 6 percent of the
differences in math growth in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in math growth
in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in middle schools, as well as 11 percent of the
differences in high schools» graduation rates, could be explained by differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in high schools» graduation rates, could be
explained by
differences in their school climate and student - reported social skill
in their school climate and
student - reported social skills.