Sentences with phrase «explosive volcanic eruptions»

Following large explosive volcanic eruptions, precipitation decreases over much of the globe.

The long term cooling in the lower stratosphere occurred in two downward steps in temperature both after the transient warming related to explosive volcanic eruptions of El Chichón and Mount Pinatubo, this behavior of the global stratospheric temperature has been attributed to global ozone concentration variation in the two years following volcanic eruptions.

The historic temperature pattern we observed has abrupt dips that match the emissions of known explosive volcanic eruptions; the particulates from such events reflect sunlight, make for beautiful sunsets and cool the earth's surface for a few years.

Explosive volcanic eruptions in the tropics can lead to El Niño events, those notorious warming periods in the Pacific Ocean with dramatic global impacts on the climate, according to a new study.

This cooling influence occurs when large, explosive volcanic eruptions inject sulfate particles into the high reaches of the atmosphere (the stratosphere).

This can be attributed to the absence of significant explosive volcanic eruptions since Mt. Pinatubo in 1991.

I think there is an important context here that is easy to lose in all of the emphasis on the thing that the trees don't appear to be doing well w / (i.e. the response to the high - frequency cooling events associated primarily with explosive volcanic eruptions): that's, the thing that the trees appear to be doing remarkably well with, i.e. capturing the long - term trends and low - frequency variability that is predicted by the climate model simulations.

On our recent Arctic expedition named AGAVE to the Gakkel Ridge (~ 85N) in 2007 we found evidence of recent explosive volcanic eruptions.

The thinking, Misra said, was that explosive volcanic eruptions usually happen at the edges of tectonic plates, making them a good proxy indeed.

«I came up with the idea of looking at explosive volcanic eruptions as a proxy, or stand - in, for plate tectonics,» Misra said.

Most notable is the virtual absence of cooling in the tree - ring reconstructions during what ice core and other evidence suggest is the most explosive volcanic eruption of the past millennium — the AD 1258 eruption.

The cold of the Little Ice Age of a few centuries ago seems to have involved both a little extra sun - blocking effect from explosive volcanic eruptions, and a small reduction in the sun's output....

Bradley, R.S. and Jones, P.D., 1992: Records of explosive volcanic eruptions over the last 500 years.

Earth has experienced extended periods of cooling due to more frequent explosive volcanic eruptions and periods of few sunspots — such as during the «Little Ice Age» which lasted roughly from 1300 to the 1800s.

The historic temperature pattern we observed has abrupt dips that match the emissions of known explosive volcanic eruptions; the particulates from such events reflect sunlight, make for beautiful sunsets and cool the earth's surface for a few years.

Explosive volcanic eruptions in the tropics can lead to El Niño events, those notorious warming periods in the Pacific Ocean with dramatic global impacts on the climate, according to a new study.

This cooling influence occurs when large, explosive volcanic eruptions inject sulfate particles into the high reaches of the atmosphere (the stratosphere).

«The solar and volcanic forcings we use are derived from reconstructions based on proxy data and are therefore also subject to considerable uncertainties, although recent explosive volcanic eruptions are likely to have cooled climate, and independent records of solar activity levels inferred from the cosmogenic isotope 10Be (43) and geomagnetic records (44) provide support to reconstructions (22, 45) that show generally increasing solar activity during the 20th century (12).»

That is the headline finding of an international team, led by geochemists from Trinity College Dublin, who discovered that large impacts can be followed by intense, long - lived, and explosive volcanic eruptions.

The professor continues: «This information means that we can determine the probability of an explosive volcanic eruption of a certain size to occur.

Fire fountains — dramatic, explosive volcanic eruptions — require volatile elements mixed in with lava.

Consider the pressures which cause an explosive volcanic eruption.

The change in atmospheric pressure is on the order of 0.01 % or less of the pressures which cause an explosive volcanic eruption.

Putting my geologist's hat on, it is certainly plausable that (for instance) the passage of a low pressure system could bring forward an explosive volcanic eruption by a few hours; but extra precipitation reaching a magma chamber, or just lubricating faults around the chamber would be a bigger effect.

See e.g. our review paper (Schmidt et al, 2004), where the response of a climate model to estimated past changes in natural forcing due to solar irradiance variations and explosive volcanic eruptions, is shown to match the spatial pattern of reconstructed temperature changes during the «Little Ice Age» (which includes enhanced cooling in certain regions such as Europe) as well as the smaller hemispheric - mean changes.

Explosive volcanic eruptions can cool climate for a short period, but can a super-eruption such as occurred 74 thousand years ago lead to ice sheet formation?

Bradley, R.S., 1988: The explosive volcanic eruption signal in northern hemisphere continental temperature records.

The explosive volcanic eruption of El Chichon may have counteracted the Super El Nino of 1982/83, but the 1986/87/88 El Nino was strong enough to cause upward shifts in the SST and TLT anomalies of the Mid-To-High Latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, and the SST anomalies of the East Indian and West Pacific Oceans, similar to the shifts caused by the 1997/98 El Nino illustrated in this post.

Explosive volcanic eruptions inject sulfur dioxide and dust high into the stratosphere, blocking some of the sun's energy from reaching the surface and causing it to cool.

Mid to upper stratosphere temperature show strong negative trend interspersed by transient volcanic warming after the explosive volcanic eruptions of El Chichón and Mount Pinatubo, little temperature trend has been observed since 1995.

The historic temperature pattern we observe has abrupt dips that match the emissions of known explosive volcanic eruptions; the particulates from such events reflect sunlight and cool the Earth's surface for a few years.

Such is the complexity of rainfall patterns that changes can be caused both by human factors, such as greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollutants, and natural factors, such as changes in the sun's activity and explosive volcanic eruptions.

The dip in 1991 and rebound in 1994 is associated with the explosive volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo.