Sentences with phrase «exposures during development»

Over time, studies such as these may reveal patterns in the mechanisms by which exposures during development alter the nervous system.

Alcohol exposure during development affects other systems, too, like the immune system.

PCB exposure during development previously has been associated with wheezing and asthma.

A recent research focus is to identify the impact of childhood trauma on neural and psychological functioning, with a specific interest in identifying the impact of critical periods of trauma exposure during development.

Not exact matches

Exposure to radiation from cell phones during pregnancy affects the brain development of offspring, potentially leading to hyperactivity, one mouse study suggests.

To reduce a baby's exposure, mothers can change their diets during pregnancy and breastfeeding, limiting the exposure to these chemicals during the critical times of growth and development.

Dioxin exposure during pregnancy impairs the development of mammary glands during pregnancy and may cause women to not produce enough milk for their newborns, a new study finds.

Healthy Babies Bright Futures is an alliance of non-profit organizations, philanthropies and scientists that designs and implements projects to reduce babies» exposure to toxic chemicals during the most vulnerable and significant periods of development: in utero and from birth to age two.

Exposure begins during fetal development.

Meaning These findings suggest that infants» consumption of rice and rice - containing foods, typical of their diets, contribute to their arsenic exposure and highlight the need for strategies to reduce exposure during this critical phase of development.

In addition to being more highly exposed to As, children appear to be far more sensitive to the potential carcinogenic effects of As49, 50 and have a heightened risk for adverse growth, adverse immune response, and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes,25,51 - 53 even at relatively low levels of exposure.24, 54 Our results indicate that consumption of rice and rice products increases infants» exposure to As and that regulation could reduce As exposure during this critical phase of development.

Conclusions and Relevance Our findings indicate that intake of rice cereal and other rice - containing foods, such as rice snacks, contribute to infants» As exposure and suggest that efforts should be made to reduce As exposure during this critical phase of development.

Our findings indicate that intake of rice cereal and other rice - containing foods, such as rice snacks, contribute to infants» As exposure and suggest that efforts should be made to reduce As exposure during this critical phase of development.

In animal models, exposure to cigarette smoke or nicotine during fetal development alters the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in areas of the brainstem important for autonomic function, 28 alters the neuronal excitability of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (a brainstem region important for sensory integration), 29 and alters fetal autonomic activity and medullary neurotransmitter receptors.30 In human infants, there are strong associations between nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and serotonin receptors in the brainstem during development.31 Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke attenuates recovery from hypoxia in preterm infants, 32 decreases heart rate variability in preterm33 and term34 infants, and abolishes the normal relationship between heart rate and gestational age at birth.33 Moreover, infants of smoking mothers exhibit impaired arousal patterns to trigeminal stimulation in proportion to urinary cotinine levels.35 It is important to note also that prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke alters the normal programming of cardiovascular reflexes such that there is a greater - than - expected increase in blood pressure and heart rate in response to breathing 4 % carbon dioxide or a 60 ° head - up tilt.36 These changes in autonomic function, arousal, and cardiovascular reflexes might all increase an infant's vulnerability to SIDS.

As ultrasounds have been standard practice for checking up on baby's development and progress during pregnancy, it would be alarming if there is a connection between exposure to ultrasounds and increased risk of being diagnosed with autism.

«Previous studies have linked intake of high fructose corn syrup sweetened beverages with asthma in school children, but there is little information about when during early development exposure to fructose might influence later health,» said Sheryl L. Rifas - Shiman, MPH, a study lead author and senior research associate at Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute.

A study published yesterday in Nature Climate Change showed that early exposure to high levels of CO2 during the larval stage of development had significant negative effects on the fish's size, metabolism and ability to sense threats in their environment.

«Chronic exposure to pesticides during the early life stage of honeybees may contribute to their inadequate nutrition or direct poisoning with a resulting impact on the survival and development of the entire bee brood,» he said.

But exposure to the chemicals blocked cell division, which could lead to neurological disabilities in babies if their cells are exposed at particular times during fetal development.

«Policy makers need to heed data such as those presented by Morales et al as limiting exposure to traffic - related pollution during fetal development and early postnatal life is one way that the burden of respiratory disease can be decreased.»

Exposure to lead during early development can alter the the gut microbiota, increasing the chances for obesity in adulthood, researchers from the University of Michigan School of Public Health have found.

«While it is known that these drugs can increase the risk of obesity in adults, it is unknown whether a woman's antidepressant use during pregnancy increases the risk of metabolic disturbances in her children,» Holloway says, adding the goal of their project was to determine whether maternal exposure to a commonly used antidepressant is related to the development of fatty liver, an outcome commonly seen with obesity, in the offspring.

Thus, in utero nutritional exposures during critical windows of germ cell development can impact the male germline methylome, associated with metabolic disease in offspring.

The researchers theorize BPA exposure during pregnancy may result in the overworking of pancreatic beta cells and lead to an increased susceptibility to the development of diabetes and other metabolic disorders.

«There are certain times during development where we are more susceptible to environmental exposures.

Serotonin is critical to early brain development; exposure during pregnancy to anything that influences serotonin levels can have potential effect on birth and developmental outcomes.

If it does, the fetus could face a double whammy: Not only would exposures be higher during this period of organ and neural development, but rates of detoxification also would be diminished, vom Saal says.

«We found prenatal SSRI exposure was nearly 3 times as likely in boys with ASD relative to typical development, with the greatest risk when exposure took place during the first trimester,» said Li - Ching Lee, Ph.D., Sc.M., psychiatric epidemiologist in the Bloomberg School's Department of Epidemiology.

«This study shows that the combination of physical and psychosocial stressors during fetal development magnifies the effect of each exposure,» says lead author Frederica Perera, DrPH, PhD, director of the Center.

Maternal psychological distress combined with exposure to air pollution during pregnancy have an adverse impact on the child's behavioral development, according to researchers at the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health at the Mailman School of Public Health.

Their results suggest that maternal care of pups, including mothers» ability to adjust to the needs of their young during early development, was impaired after BPS exposure «with differing effects based on dose, postpartum period and generational timing of exposure.»

The study is the first to link asthma to hexachlorobenzene exposure during fetal development, and builds on two earlier studies that linked the respiratory disease to polychlorinated biphenyls.

«Exposure of pregnant women to certain phenols may disrupt growth of boys during fetal development and first years of life.»

Exposure to ozone during childhood can also impair normal lung growth and development and may contribute to new asthma, which can start at any age.

They also recommend investigating whether exposure to a UOG mix during development can sensitize animals to hormones or carcinogens.

The authors call for further studies «to evaluate the many additional chemicals used in, and produced by, UOG processes to better quantify the concentrations of these and other contaminants in environmental samples and to assess the effects of exposure during other sensitive windows of development, including pregnancy and lactation, puberty, and the aging female.»

«Our research provides the first direct evidence that exposure to BPA during development, at the levels we see in our day - to - day lives, increases the risk for prostate cancer in human prostate tissue,» Prins said.

Previous epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to pesticides during pregnancy may have a possible role in the development of childhood brain tumors.

«We know that mothers» exposure to air pollution during pregnancy can affect lung development of their babies and lead to subsequent respiratory disorders, including asthma, although little is known about whether timing of the exposure is important to consider,» said lead author Yueh - Hsiu Mathilda Chiu, ScD, from the Department of Pediatrics at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York.

Exposure to them during early development is associated with increased risk of cancers and abnormal formation of the reproductive tract.

Instead of mimicking the complex 3D organization of the developing pituitary gland, this approach relies on the precisely timed exposure of human pluripotent stem cells to a few specific cellular signals that are known to play an important role during embryonic development.

«Our results indicate that consumption of rice and rice products increases infants» exposure to As [arsenic] and that regulation could reduce As exposure during this critical phase of development,» the study concludes.

Newbold said because decades can pass between exposure during fetal development or early childhood and the manifestation of the disease in adult life, it can be difficult to nail down a link.

Professor Cyrus Cooper, Chair of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) Committee of Scientific Advisors, and study co-author, said, «These findings suggest that the exposure of mothers and children to more healthy food environments might optimize childhood bone development through its influence on the quality of the maternal diet and dietary choices during childhood.»

This link was only evident in blood samples taken at a time point reflecting exposure during early pregnancy when the fetal nervous system undergoes rapid development, not at birth.

«The weight of evidence is beginning to suggest that mothers» exposures during pregnancy may play a role in the development of autism spectrum disorders,» said Kim Harley, an environmental health researcher at the University of California, Berkeley who was not involved in the new study.

Repeated intermittent alcohol exposure during the third trimester - equivalent increases expression of the GABA < sub > A receptor δ subunit in cerebellar granule neurons and delays motor development in rats.

So, whereas the typical person might think of their «environment» as their house, or their neighborhood - scientists trying to understand the factors that influence the development of schizophrenia define environment to include everything from the social, nutritional, hormonal and chemical environment in the womb of the mother during pregnancy, up to the social dynamics and stress a person is exposed to, to street drug use, education, virus exposure, vitamin use, and any other factor that could possibly be involved with the development of schizophrenia.

Repeated intermittent alcohol exposure during the third trimester - equivalent increases expression of the GABA A receptor δ subunit in cerebellar granule neurons and delays motor development in rats.

Methamphetamine exposure during brain development alters the brain acetylcholine system in adolescent mice.