Sentences with phrase «expressed by these neurons»

Many cells lit up, and when the researchers took a closer look, they found that L1 jumped into several genes typically expressed by neurons.

Thrombin and prothrombin are expressed by neurons and glial cells and accumulate in neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease.

Most mutations cause haploinsufficiency of progranulin, a secreted glycoprotein that is expressed throughout the body, and in the brain is expressed by neurons and microglia (Bateman and Bennett, 2009; Petkau et al., 2010).

Not exact matches

Leptin circulates in the blood and crosses into the brain, where it is sensed by leptin receptors expressed on neurons in the hypothalamus.

Thus, signals coming from a given neuron provide information about odors that activate the specific receptor protein expressed by that cell.

This protein is expressed at relatively high levels in proliferating precursors and non-neuronal cells but down - regulated in developing neurons by a brain - enriched regulatory RNA called miR - 9.

This allowed them to systematically analyze factors expressed by the astroglia and then study their effects on neuron development.

They found that dramatically reducing the amount of protein expressed by TMEM108, a gene already associated with schizophrenia, results in fewer, smaller spines, which work like communication fingers for neurons, said neuroscientist Dr. Lin Mei.

They narrowed the circuit down even further by determining which neurons in these brain regions both expressed dati and were cholinergic.

Methyl laurate is also detected by another sensory neuron type that expresses the olfactory receptor Or88a.

The compound is detected by a neuron which expresses the olfactory receptor Or47b; this receptor responds exclusively to methyl laurate.

The analysis suggested that a protein produced by a gene called Olig2, which is only expressed in the neural progenitors that create motor neurons, promotes motor neuron formation by interfering with the activity of several members of another gene family — the Hes genes.

They determined that the serotonin 2C receptor, which is expressed by dopamine neurons, is important in suppressing binge eating.

TSRI Research Associate Giordano de Guglielmo, who was the study's first author, spearheaded the experiment in rat models of alcohol dependence, which were designed to express a special protein to distinguish only the neurons activated by alcohol.

Molecular profiling of PI cells identified the fly version of DH44 as a circadian molecule that is specifically expressed by PI neurons and required for normal rest / activity rhythms in flies.

To test this possibility, it will be necessary to examine whether the Acks - expressing neurons are A3v neurons by double staining for Acks expression and immunoreactivity to GAD, a GABA - synthesizing enzyme.

An intriguing clue to this selectivity is provided by Setola et al., who identify a truncated form of SMN1 that arises from an alternative spliced SMN1 transcript that is preferentially expressed in the axonal projections of developing motor neurons.

Importantly, we found that the inhibition of the catalytic activity of CAMKK2 or AMPK protects hippocampal neurons against the synaptotoxic effects induced by acute exposure to Aβ42 oligomers in vitro and against the loss of dendritic spines observed in the hAPPSWE,IND - expressing transgenic mouse model (J20) in vivo.

These cues are detected via olfactory (OR), trace - amine associated (TAAR), vomeronasal (VR) and formyl - peptide (FPR) receptors expressed by the sensory neurons in the epithelia of these organs.

We used a bioninformatics analysis to identify that miR - 181a targets components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling pathway, including the transcription factors Smad1 and Smad5, which we find are expressed by rat mDA neurons and are required for BMP - induced neurite growth.

On September 2005, Edward Boyden, Karl Deisseroth et al. published a study in Nature Neuroscience in which they describe how neurons expressing the light - sensitive microbial protein Channelrhodopsin - 2 can be activated by light pulses in a very temporally precise manner.

Triple - labelled preparations in which mDA neurons were identified by TH staining revealed that BMPR2 was expressed on, but not limited to, mDA neurons in cultures of the E14 rat VM (Figure 1A, B).

Neuron expressing a fluorescent protein engineered by the Looger Lab was reconstructed from immunogold labeled serial sections of the mouse brain.

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify pathways, biological process and molecular functions that are enriched in genes differentially expressed by NSCs or dopaminergic neurons treated with amiodarone HC.

A translational fusion of Punc - 7S in the GFP expression vector pPD95.67 (provided by A Fire) was injected at a concentration of 50 ng / μl and found to express in various head neurons but not in ventral nerve cord motor neurons.

Results: We show that galanin, a neuropeptide expressed in the small intestine, decreases duodenal contraction by stimulating nitric oxide release from enteric neurons.

Relative amounts of ZENK expressing neurons (detailed values shown in Fig. 3H) were determined for four subunits within Cluster N, each of them separated by clearly visible morphological boundaries (compare Fig. 3C): first, the DNH nucleus (Fig. 3G, shown in blue); second, the shell surrounding the DNH nucleus, characterized by small, densely packed neurons (Fig. 3G, shown in green); third, the remaining hyperpallial part of Cluster N (Fig. 3G, shown in yellow); fourth, the mesopallial part of Cluster N (Fig. 3G, shown in red).

Quantification of relative amounts of neurons expressing ZENK was done by estimating the total number of neurons on Nissl - stained sections in defined areas of Cluster N.

It also suggests that in unc - 9 mutants, the native UNC - 7 isoforms expressed in motor neurons (as detected by previous analysis of total UNC - 7 expression) are insufficient to properly localize AVB - expressed UNC - 7S:: GFP (that is, UNC - 7 in motor neurons does not substitute for UNC - 9 in localizing AVB - expressed UNC - 7S).

Mirror neurons are in the parts of our brain that react to emotions expressed by others and then reproduce those same emotions within ourselves.