Sentences with phrase «expressed genes in a cell»

And you need to express the gene in cells or bacteria before you can make large quantities of its protein product.

I have seen many datasets where any of these genes are the top 3 - 4 most highly expressed genes in a cell.

Not exact matches

This approach revealed a highly sensitive portrait of the genes being expressed in human milk - making cells.

The scientists discovered that the two sides of the cell differ in the composition of messenger RNA, or mRNA: About 30 percent of the genes expressed in the intestines produced mRNAs that appeared either on one side of the cell or on the other.

«In addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquIn addition, changes in how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin how the genes are expressed (turned on or off) could be used in the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.&raquin the future to predict how and when the cancer cells will spread to other parts of the body and how fast they will grow.»

«We think that these genes, which are normally only expressed in the placenta to facilitate invasion, are becoming reactivated in cancer cells and supporting invasion in this context too,» she says.

Multi-nucleus cells expressing genes needed to form skeletal muscle can be seen in flower - like clumps forming as cells fuse together.

The scientists also generated a panel of (reconstructed) ancestral and existing TRIM5 genes (19 total), expressed them in cultured cell lines, and exposed the cells to 16 different retroviruses (lentiviruses and others) to see which TRIM5 versions conferred resistance to which viruses.

«The fact that a [cell] culture expresses most genes present in the brain says nothing about its appropriateness as a disease model,» says Knoblich.

A team led by Byeong - Chun Lee of Seoul National University in South Korea created the dogs by cloning fibroblast cells that express a red fluorescent gene produced by sea anemones.

Another is to change the number of expressed copies of a gene in each cell.

Since genes for the T - cell receptor beta chain were previously shown to be on mouse chromosome 6, all three of the Ig - like multigene families expressed and rearranged in T cells are located on different chromosomes, just as are the B - cell multigene families for the Ig heavy chain, and the Ig kappa and lambda light chains.

The findings by a team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigators, which will be published in the April 24 issue of Cell and are receiving advance online release, support the importance of epigenetics — processes controlling whether or not genes are expressed — in cancer pathology and identify molecular circuits that may be targeted by new therapeutic approaches.

Monitoring mRNA could tell scientists a great deal about which genes are being expressed in a cell, and tweaking the translation of mRNA would allow them to alter gene expression without having to modify the cell's DNA.

Then they linked the drug sensitivity of the tumor cells to the profile of genes expressed in those cells.

«With Rudolph,» Farber says, «the coral DNA got inserted into a gene that is normally expressed in the nasal epithelial cells, the cells of his nose.

«Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that multiple myeloma cells express bone - related genes in a Runx2 - dependent fashion that mimics bone marrow resident cells and likely contributes to tumor survival and growth in the bone microenvironment,» Yang and colleagues wrote in the paper.

To test that idea in the ragworm, Tomer used a technique he had developed to examine the complex brains of small creatures with unprecedented clarity: He created a high - resolution map of the worm's brain cells according to the genes they express, not just their shape and location.

The team found that brown fat cells express the ERRγ gene all the time (not just in response to cold) and that white fat cells do not express the gene at all.

The scientists have shown that, in all cancers, a sort of «identity crisis» is observed in cancerous cells: in the organs or tissues in which a tumor develops, genes specific to other tissues or to other stages of the development of the organism express themselves in an aberrant manner.

By tallying the various RNA molecules in a cell, researchers can tell which genes are active — or «expressed» — and to what degree.

Now, for the first time, scientists from Harvard Medical School have managed to «listen in» on the crosstalk between individual microbes and the entire cast of immune cells and genes expressed in the gut.

Now, two UCLA researchers have come up with a computational tool that increases the reliability of measuring how strongly genes are expressed in an individual cell, even when the cell is barely reading certain genes.

Bacteria expressing enzyme in one cell (bright green), while genetically identical cells do not, remaining protected from antibiotic onslaught; image courtesy of Yuichi Wakamoto / Neeraj Dhar / John McKinney Some strains of nasty bacterial infections, such as MRSA (methicillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus), come loaded with resistance to antibiotics built right into their genes.

«Animal cells have to «remember» that they must express genes in specific ways.»

Among all the genes that control endocytosis, the authors of the study focused specifically on one, called RAB7; this gene is highly expressed in melanoma cells.

In 1994, scientists first realized that putting the EGFP gene into cells made them glow green, making it possible to easily visualize them: ever since, scientists have generated thousands of living systems with EGFP, including EGFP - expressing viruses and EGFP - expressing cancer cells.

The team also found that ERAS, a tumorigenic gene expressed in mouse embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, was mutated and dysfunctional in the mole - rat iPSCs.

Living cells express genes involved in physiological functions like development and metabolism via complex mechanisms.

The gene for vasa is expressed in cells at every stage of development, Tilly says.

Researchers from the Eaton - Peabody Laboratories of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School have created a new mouse model in which by expressing a gene in the inner ear hair cells — the sensory cells that detect sound and sense balance — protects the mice from age - related hearing loss (ARHL) and noise - induced hearing loss (NIHL), the two most common forms of deafness.

They then used next generation sequencing — a state - of - the - art method to rapidly measure gene expression — to sequence and quantify the thousands of genes that are expressed in hair cells, in comparison with other cells in the ear.

You need to sequence the gene before you can express it in cells.

«There are genes and proteins that are expressed in a cell and their activity, or expression level, changes with time of day,» explained St. John.

When a cell in your body expresses a gene, it produces a specific protein.

While all cell types share the same genetic code (DNA), certain genes are specifically «expressed» or «silenced» in each cell type.

The team reports that the adenomas grow from cells that express a gene called Lgr5 +, which is also active in normal intestinal stem cells.

Already, we see that cells from people with bipolar disorder are different in how often they express certain genes, how they differentiate into neurons, how they communicate, and how they respond to lithium,» says Sue O'Shea, Ph.D., the experienced U-M stem cell specialist who co-led the work.

With regard to taste, the findings will allow researchers to create a complete map of all the genes expressed in every type of taste cell within a taste bud, leading to a better understanding of how the taste system works.

Specifically, the bipolar neurons expressed more genes for membrane receptors and ion channels than non-bipolar cells, particularly those receptors and channels involved in the sending and receiving of calcium signals between cells.

Lymphocytes in the grafts of undifferentiated iPS cells were also expressing relatively high levels of genes known to be involved in hostile immune responses.

HDAC3 functions on the epigenome, the molecular component of the cell nucleus that specifies which genes are expressed — and just as importantly, which ones are not — in different cells of the body.

In contrast, lymphocytes in both types of endothelial cell grafts expressed higher levels of genes known to be involved in dampening the immune response and inducing self - tolerancIn contrast, lymphocytes in both types of endothelial cell grafts expressed higher levels of genes known to be involved in dampening the immune response and inducing self - tolerancin both types of endothelial cell grafts expressed higher levels of genes known to be involved in dampening the immune response and inducing self - tolerancin dampening the immune response and inducing self - tolerance.

Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute scientists and their collaborators have developed a new analysis tool that was able to show, for the first time, which genes were expressed by individual cells in different genetic versions of a benign blood cancer.

But mounting evidence implicates the immune system in the overproduction of cell - signalling molecules called cytokines, which stimulate skin cells called keratinocytes to express genes that maintain an inflammatory microenvironment.

Single - cell mouse embryos were infected in vitro with recombinant lentiviral vectors to generate transgenic mice carrying the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene driven by a ubiquitously expressing promoter.

«The cells in our bodies share the same genes and DNA sequences, and differ only in how these genes are expressed,» Bose said.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

The ELH genes are expressed, not only in the bag cells, but in an extensive system of neurons distributed in four of the five ganglia of the central nervous system.

They found that the number of copies of lncRNA genes on a chromosome consistently change in 12 different cancer types and lncRNA genes are widely expressed in cancer cells.