Sentences with phrase «expressed transcription factors»

The V1 class of interneurons expresses the transcription factor Engrailed - 1 (En1) and gives rise to ipsilaterally projecting inhibitory interneurons.

A famous example of how transcription factor expression can be used to alter a cell's identity is the creation of iPSCs, where adult cells were forced to express transcription factors normally expressed in ESCs, which made the adult cells express genes specific to ESCs, and consequently become nearly identical to ESCs.

Not exact matches

In a series of experiments, the researchers first identified a set of 19 transcription factors that were expressed at significantly greater levels in cultured human glioblastoma stem cells capable of tumor propagation than in differentiated tumor cells.

We know that Hox genes encode transcription factors that control the activity of other genes, but we found that digit - innervating motor neurons also express other genes, such as FIGN and CNEP4], and we still don't know the function of any of these other genes.

These include a family of signaling molecules called protocaderins, which regulate neuronal development and short - range interactions between neurons, and a family of transcription factors called zinc fingers, which are mainly expressed in embryonic and nervous tissues and are thought to play roles in brain development.

Thus, this cDNA derives from a gene (oct - 2) that specifies an octamer binding protein expressed preferentially in B lymphocytes, proving that, for at least one gene, a cell - specific transcription factor exists and its amount is controlled through messenger RNA availability.

Whitehead Institute researchers have determined that the transcription factor Nanog, which plays a critical role in the self - renewal of embryonic stem cells, is expressed in a manner similar to other pluripotency markers.

They found that during the transition period, cells expressed increasing amounts of a gene encoding the transcription factor Zscan4.

When we overexpress the homeobox transcription factor Dlx2, or the basic helix - loop - helix transcription factor Ascl1, we obtained neurons that exhibited action potential discharges typical for interneurons generated in the medial ganglionic eminence, where these two transcription factors are also expressed during development.

Treg express the forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) transcription factor, which is required for their regulatory function.

Ellen V. Rothenberg and Susan B. Ward report that the interleukin - 2 (IL - 2) transcriptional apparatus integrates multiple types of biochemical information in determining whether or not the gene will be expressed, using multiple diverse transcription factors that are each optimally activated or inhibited by different signaling pathways.

For example, his group looked at specific signaling pathways and transcription factors expressed in their pre-HSCs.

However, when forced to express the eye field transcription factor (EFTF) genes, the cells differentiate into all seven retinal cell classes and eventually organize themselves into a functioning eye that can detect light and guide tadpoles in a vision - based behavior.

CD4 + regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the forkhead box transcription factor Foxp3 have a vital function in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and the prevention of fatal multi-organ autoimmunity throughout life.

Transcription factors are expressed (or made) at different levels in different cell types, and control what genes are expressed in every cell, making sure, for example, that a liver cell remains a liver cell and does not become a neuron.

MyoD is normally only expressed in skeletal muscle, and it was later found to be a transcription factor involved in the differentiation of muscle cells and also a very early marker of muscle cell fate commitment.

Pallavi Bhattaram, Project Staff, recently demonstrated that the SOXC transcription factors are highly expressed in skeletogenic cells in the embryo (Bhattaram et al., J. Cell.

hGDAsCNTF also expressed high levels of neurite - outgrowth inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, phosphacan and CSPG4, as well as the transcription factor Olig2 - all of which have been found to be upregulated in glial scar associated astrocytes.

To achieve efficient and synchronous reprogramming, the authors expressed reprogramming factors (OSKM) in mouse bone marrow - derived pre-B cells exposed to the C / EBPα transcription factor, leading to nearly 100 % reprogramming within 4 to 8 days.

The HNF1 beta gene encodes for a homeoprotein - transcription factor that is expressed in the pancreas and the developing kidney.

Interestingly, cells from both iPS cell lines expressed early cardiac differentiation markers and transcription factors, implicating that there could be a lack in functional cardiomyocyte maturation in line 4.1.

Cells that express high levels of the transcription factor myc up - regulate glutaminase expression more than 10-fold [105].

These proteins, called transcription factors, work by changing which genes are expressed in the cell, turning off genes associated with skin cells and turning on genes associated with stem cells.

We used a bioninformatics analysis to identify that miR - 181a targets components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling pathway, including the transcription factors Smad1 and Smad5, which we find are expressed by rat mDA neurons and are required for BMP - induced neurite growth.

Our study of annelid development reveals a population of mesodermal cells that converge and extend along the ventral midline and express a combination of transcription factors, signaling molecules, and guidance factors that closely matches that of the vertebrate chordamesoderm.

In response to cellular stress such as DNA damage, oncogene activation, transcriptional inhibition, and hypoxia, tumor suppressor p53 is activated and expressed, and acts as a transcription factor to induce its target genes [1], thereby playing a central role in the regulation of DNA repair, cell cycle, apoptosis, senescence, and angiogenesis [2 - 4].

Transcription factors differentially expressed in NSC with and without amiodarone treatment

PAX6, OTX2 and MITF, transcription factors involved in RPE cell development, were localised in the nucleus, whilst RLBP1, PMEL17, and BEST1 were expressed cytoplasmically.

Researchers use the CRISPR / Cas system to express three transcription - factor genes, changing the identities of mouse cells.

Specifically, we have generated clusters of transcripts that behave the same way under the entire spectrum of the sixty - seven experimental conditions; we have assembled genes in groups according to their time of expression during successive days of ES cell differentiation; we have included expression profiles of specific gene classes such as transcription regulatory factors and Expressed Sequence Tags; transcripts have been arranged in «Expression Waves» and juxtaposed to genes with opposite or complementary expression patterns; we have designed search engines to display the expression profile of any transcript during ES cell differentiation; gene expression data have been organized in animated graphs of KEGG signaling and metabolic pathways; and finally, we have incorporated advanced functional annotations for individual genes or gene clusters of interest and links to microarray and genomic resources.

Other gene families that were dramatically expanded in the octopus include zinc finger transcription factors, which are mainly expressed in embryonic and nervous tissues and are thought to play roles in development.