Sentences with phrase «expressing cells which»

Not exact matches

But Canadian officials expressed skepticism, noting that the war had been grinding on and that «there may be little reliable evidence to gather» and that «organizers of whatever (improvised explosive device) cell (which) supported and directed the dead bomber have been killed» by special forces.

Likewise, we should not suppose that the liver cells aim to store glycogen in order to benefit the muscles; carbohydrate metabolism in the liver merely expresses the complex ways in which the many sub-societies in those cells are «pleased» to enjoy themselves in their immediate environments.

Human milk cells and lipids conserve numerous known and novel miRNAs, some of which are differentially expressed during lactation.

Mishra's team focused on a neurotransmitter called brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is expressed in a small number of sensory nerve cells or neurons.

«We think that these genes, which are normally only expressed in the placenta to facilitate invasion, are becoming reactivated in cancer cells and supporting invasion in this context too,» she says.

The scientists also generated a panel of (reconstructed) ancestral and existing TRIM5 genes (19 total), expressed them in cultured cell lines, and exposed the cells to 16 different retroviruses (lentiviruses and others) to see which TRIM5 versions conferred resistance to which viruses.

Here they have been infected by a herpes virus that carries a «brainbow cassette,» which makes cells express proteins that are tagged with a variety of fluorescent colors.

The findings by a team of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) investigators, which will be published in the April 24 issue of Cell and are receiving advance online release, support the importance of epigenetics — processes controlling whether or not genes are expressed — in cancer pathology and identify molecular circuits that may be targeted by new therapeutic approaches.

Monitoring mRNA could tell scientists a great deal about which genes are being expressed in a cell, and tweaking the translation of mRNA would allow them to alter gene expression without having to modify the cell's DNA.

Previous studies have found that brown fat can be coaxed into action by activating the β3 - adrenergic receptor, which is expressed on the surfaces of brown and white fat cells, as well as on cells of the urinary bladder and other tissues.

Unlike CD8 + DCs that express the cell surface protein CD205, CD8 — DCs, which are positive for the 33D1 antigen, are specialized for presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II.

«We can direct them to CD45, a cell marker which is exclusively expressed in the blood system.

They found that atypical protein kinase c lambda / iota, which is known to influence cell growth, was highly expressed and phosphorylated in metastatic breast cancers.

The scientists have shown that, in all cancers, a sort of «identity crisis» is observed in cancerous cells: in the organs or tissues in which a tumor develops, genes specific to other tissues or to other stages of the development of the organism express themselves in an aberrant manner.

By tallying the various RNA molecules in a cell, researchers can tell which genes are active — or «expressed» — and to what degree.

«The antibody binds to a specific protein, called CD44s, which is expressed on the surface of pancreatic cancer stem cells.

The group looked at an oncogene, AF1q discovered in Tse's lab, which is expressed in hematological cancer cells and is known to be related to multiple myeloma.

The work, which appears in the November 27, 2014, edition of Science Express, points to new avenues for producing single - site supported gold catalysts that could produce high - grade hydrogen for cleaner energy use in fuel - cell powered devices, including vehicles.

Using the JEDI technology, Mount Sinai researchers uncovered evidence that immune cells can find cells in the brain expressing their target antigen, even in non-infected states, which provides evidence of an immune surveillance pathway within the body's central nervous system.

As cells differentiate, their DNA becomes more tightly packed, and genes that are no longer needed — or those which should not be expressed — are blocked.

A team of researchers led by Rodrigo Lacruz, MSc, PhD, assistant professor in the Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology at NYU College of Dentistry, has published a paper in Scientific Reports (5:15803) titled «Dental enamel cells express functional SOCE channels,» which reports the results of a study showing for the first time the mechanism of calcium transport essential in the formation of dental enamel.

Researchers from the Eaton - Peabody Laboratories of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School have created a new mouse model in which by expressing a gene in the inner ear hair cells — the sensory cells that detect sound and sense balance — protects the mice from age - related hearing loss (ARHL) and noise - induced hearing loss (NIHL), the two most common forms of deafness.

To better understand how HMGA1 affected the rodents» intestines, Resar and Lingling Xian, M.D., Ph.D., research associate at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and their colleagues examined the transgenic animals» intestinal cells to determine which ones were expressing this gene.

This clinical trial sponsored by Juno Therapeutics is testing JCAR017, which targets the CD19 protein expressed on most B - cell leukemias and lymphomas.

Previous studies showed that cells which express the same type of cadherin interact with each other, but cells with different types of cadherins remain separate.

The enzyme has the novel ability to convert a chemical, metronidazole, into a toxin, which allows researchers to selectively kill the cells expressing it.

The team reports that the adenomas grow from cells that express a gene called Lgr5 +, which is also active in normal intestinal stem cells.

Thus both in the cerebellum and hippocampus (previous image), insulin receptors are highly expressed in cells that form synapses onto MHCI - expressing neurons, which suggests MHCI and insulin receptors could interact, either directly or indirectly, in the living brain.

Insulin receptors are highly expressed in fibers that form synapses onto Purkinje cells, which express MHCI.

Using a nuclear protein expressed in follicle stem cells (FSCs), the researchers found that castor, which plays an important role in specifying which types of brain cells are produced during embryonic development, also helps maintain FSCs throughout the life of the animal.

HDAC3 functions on the epigenome, the molecular component of the cell nucleus that specifies which genes are expressed — and just as importantly, which ones are not — in different cells of the body.

The fact is that one of the key differences between «beige fat», which appears when administering melatonin, and «white fat», is that «beige fat» cell mitochondria express levels of UCP1 protein, responsible for burning calories and generating heat.

One difference that is clear is that exhausted T cells express the programmed cell death protein - 1 (PD - 1), which commands them not to attack normal, healthy cells, but can also prevent them from striking at cancerous or chronically infected cells.

Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute scientists and their collaborators have developed a new analysis tool that was able to show, for the first time, which genes were expressed by individual cells in different genetic versions of a benign blood cancer.

But mounting evidence implicates the immune system in the overproduction of cell - signalling molecules called cytokines, which stimulate skin cells called keratinocytes to express genes that maintain an inflammatory microenvironment.

As a result, the H19 gene, which restricts growth, was no longer active while the Igf2 gene, which promotes cell division, was now expressed from both the paternal and the maternal allele.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

Furthermore, an immunological analysis found that the level of TH1 cells, characteristically expressing interferon - gamma protein which activates microphage to enhance bactericidal activities but could be an onset of autoimmune diseases when excessive, significantly increased in some of the mice.

Single - cell differential gene expression analysis revealed a spectrum of known transcripts, including several linked to cytotoxic and costimulatory function that are expressed at higher levels in the TEMRA (effector memory T cells expressing CD45RA) subset, which is highly enriched for CD4 - CTLs, compared with CD4 + T cells in the central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM) subsets.

The treatment is based on making bone marrow cells express the telomerase enzyme, which is responsible for repairing telomeres.

Each cell of our body is the result of an orchestra of sophisticated mechanisms that control which genes are and are not expressed at any given time.

Technologies such as RNA sequencing are revealing which genes are expressed in each individual cell.

The pattern of which genes are expressed in a given cell is what distinguishes a neuron from, say, a liver cell.

In order to visualize this signal, the scientists performed experiments with transgenic Arabidopsis plants which were genetically modified to express a protein in the cytosol, the liquid inside the cells, which breaks down and releases light energy after it has bound calcium ions.

She hopes to pinpoint which genes are expressed in each cell type when brain cells make long distance connections, and to make similar maps in other primates to chart what changed as brains rewired over the course of evolution.

When the team looked at what gene signatures the RORγt - dependent ILCs expressed, they found high expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) protein, which some cells use to display foreign proteins to the immune system and directly interact with T cells.

In the current study, Dr. Rudnicki and his team discovered that muscle stem cells also express the dystrophin protein, and without this protein, they produce ten-fold fewer muscle precursor cells, which in - turn generate fewer functional muscle fibres.

For the PET scan they used a protein that is expressed by microglia and astrocyte cells, which are known to be active in neuroinflammation.

Of course, it makes sense that viruses would choose to turn off genes that the immune system needs to fight the virus, «like interferon - b, which is a highly anti-viral gene expressed in virtually all cell types; or genes that T cells need to recognize virus - infected cells,» Kuss - Duerkop says.

The team has identified that aggressively spreading cancer cells express a protein called Myosin - 10 which drives cancer cell motility.