Sentences with phrase «expression levels between»

Additionally, using RNA - Seq, we determined changes in gene expression levels between the wild - type (WT) and DAXX knock - down (K / D) PC3 cells.

Hailing from academia and biotechnology, we aimed to discover differences in gene expression levels between tumors and healthy cells.

To identify which gene products were being disrupted, Schmidt - Ott's team profiled and compared gene expression levels between the front and rear halves of Chironomus embryos.

Not exact matches

Perusing the index of Origins, the weekly publication of representative documents and speeches compiled by Catholic News Service, our imaginary historian will note, for example, the following initiatives undertaken at the national, diocesan and parish levels in 1994 - 95: providing alternatives to abortion; staffing adoption agencies; conducting adult education courses; addressing African American Catholics» pastoral needs; funding programs to prevent alcohol abuse; implementing a new policy on altar servers and guidelines for the Anointing of the Sick; lobbying for arms control; eliminating asbestos in public housing; supporting the activities of the Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities (227 strong); challenging atheism in American society; establishing base communities (also known as small faith communities); providing aid to war victims in Bosnia; conducting Catholic research in bioethics; publicizing the new Catechism of the Catholic Church; battling child abuse; strengthening the relationship between church and labor unions; and deepening the structures and expressions of collegiality in the local and diocesan church.

In animal models, exposure to cigarette smoke or nicotine during fetal development alters the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in areas of the brainstem important for autonomic function, 28 alters the neuronal excitability of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (a brainstem region important for sensory integration), 29 and alters fetal autonomic activity and medullary neurotransmitter receptors.30 In human infants, there are strong associations between nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and serotonin receptors in the brainstem during development.31 Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke attenuates recovery from hypoxia in preterm infants, 32 decreases heart rate variability in preterm33 and term34 infants, and abolishes the normal relationship between heart rate and gestational age at birth.33 Moreover, infants of smoking mothers exhibit impaired arousal patterns to trigeminal stimulation in proportion to urinary cotinine levels.35 It is important to note also that prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke alters the normal programming of cardiovascular reflexes such that there is a greater - than - expected increase in blood pressure and heart rate in response to breathing 4 % carbon dioxide or a 60 ° head - up tilt.36 These changes in autonomic function, arousal, and cardiovascular reflexes might all increase an infant's vulnerability to SIDS.

In addition, the researchers have quantified the preservation level of this gene expression between humans and mice.

More importantly, though, they found about a two-fold higher PD - L1 expression level for gastroesophageal cancers compared to right - side colon cancers but did not find such a marked difference between those tumors and SBAs.

Engelhardt's group was responsible for mapping associations between genetic variants and gene expression levels on different chromosomes, a connection known as «trans - expression quantitative trait loci (trans - eQTLS).»

The new study, published this month by Molecular Autism in a special issue on sex differences in autism, further shows a stronger correlation between the expression level of RORA and that of genes regulated by RORA in males.

Recent studies have found elevated levels of this protein in post-mortem brain samples of patients with MS.. In this latest work, investigators compared the frequencies of «more active» and «less active» variants of the DNA sequences that control expression of the galanin gene between healthy controls and MS patients.

The mutations may also explain why some genes have much different expression levels than would be expected between humans and chimps.

When the team analyzed tissues from 261 patients with NSCLC, they found an inverse correlation between the two molecules; that is, more than 80 percent of patient tissues with low levels of the tumor suppressing C / EBPα were positive for BMI1 expression.

Gene expression divergence levels were obtained from [71] and were measured in terms of the number of commonly co-expressed genes between human and mouse one to one orthologs.

The ef - 1α (elongation factor - 1 alpha) expression levels did not differ significantly between control and seizure - induced workers at any sampling time, irrespective of the experimental temperature (25 °C or 46 °C; data not shown).

On the contrary, quantitative RT - PCR using the RNAs extracted from the MBs revealed that the difference in the Acks expression level in the MBs between the antennae - deprived and intact workers under high temperature was not statistically significant.

Identifying adaptive and plastic gene expression levels using a unified model for expression variance between and within species Rohlfs, R. and R. Nielsen.

Identifying adaptive and plastic gene expression levels using a unified model for expression variance between and within species.

In addition, temporal [17] and spatial [16,17] correlations between increased levels of HIF - 1α, the regulatory subunit of HIF - 1, and increased VEGF expression have been shown, indicating that HIF - 1 may control the expression of VEGF in the retina under hypoxic conditions.

If, for instance, a researcher finds that dozens of genes in a microarray are differentially expressed on a high - fat purified ingredient diet compared to a low - fat GB diet, it is tempting to conclude that gene expression was altered due to the differences in fat levels between the diets.

Part of the normal variation, which is equally present between blastocysts of both groups, can be observed in the gene expression of levels mtDNA encoded OXPHOS proteins.

These characterizations were requisite because work by others demonstrated that expression of a constitutively active form of another DGK allele important in regulating DAG levels in T cells, DGKα, resulted in developmental blockade of T cells between progression from DN to DP (40).

«This is the most comprehensive effort to do a genomic comparison between humans and mice at this level, including the regulatory elements and gene expression,» said Feng Yue, an assistant professor in the department of biochemistry and molecular biology at Penn State College of Medicine.

«PrediXcan tells us which genes are more likely to affect a disease or trait by learning the relationship between genotype, gene expression levels from large - scale transcriptome studies, and disease associations from GWAS studies,» said study leader Hae Kyung Im, PhD, research associate (assistant professor) of genetic medicine at the University of Chicago.

Notably, a positive correlation between the mRNA expression levels of DDX3 and p21waf1 / cip1 in 45 HCC specimens was also found by linear regression analysis (r = 0.501, P < 0.001; Fig. 5D).

Genomes that have been sequenced as part of a GWAS can be run through PrediXcan to generate a gene expression level profile, which is then analyzed to determine the association between gene expression levels and the disease states or the trait of interest being studied.

To quantitatively determine differences between the expression levels of these genes in hNSCs and hESCs, we utilized real time RT - PCR.

To further investigate additional similarities between hNSCs and hESCs at the transcriptional level, we analyzed the expression of key genes involved in hESC self - renewal and pluripotency utilizing semi-quantitative RT - PCR analysis.

This allowed them to compare the level of expression of more than 1,000 genes between humans, chimps, orangutans and rhesus macaques — representing about 70 million years of evolution.

However, when we extracted gene expression levels from the brain transcriptome data following the methodology in Carneiro et al. [29], we found that levels of nucleotide diversity and the proportion of low frequency variants between lowly (bottom 5 %) and highly (top 5 %) expressed genes in our dataset (Table S7) were not significantly different in most comparisons (with the exception of π in O. c. cuniculus) nor did they consistently differ in the expected direction when assuming higher error rates in lowly expressed genes.

We found no association between rs10524523 and cerebrospinal fluid tau or β - amyloid 42 levels or TOMM40 or APOE gene expression.

Error bars represent standard deviation between expression levels in independent clones of HV ES cells.

Pairwise comparisons were performed using standard statistical conditions (FDR < 0.05, > 1.5-fold expression levels) to unveil genes up - regulated or down - regulated between the populations.

Pair-wise comparisons (FDR < 0.05, > 1.5-fold expression levels) were performed between the following populations of cells to reveal non-redundant, significant changes in gene expression.

These gene expression data provide a sex - and tissue - specific correlation between dsx expression level and wing size.

Error bars (see supplementary data) represent standard deviation between expression levels in independent clonal lines of HV cells.

The interaction between stargazin and PSD95 is a very important one in determiniung the level of synaptic AMPA receptor surface expression.

It was recently suggested that Hes1 expression can cycle in ES cell culture [13], although the link between this oscillation, low - level gene expression, and developmental bias is not clear.

There are a few differences in expression between the two sexes but only very minor distinctions in the levels of the receptor repertoires.

The only clue indicating that differences in gene expression level are not the reason for the observed correlation between the recombination rate and the size of introns is that we do not see a comparable pattern when examining the size of exons, the number of exons per gene, and the overall size of proteins.

Expression levels are given as a guide only because of the significant batch - to - batch variability of transient transfection, and grouped into «high» (between 30 μM and 100 μM after purification), «medium» (1 μM and 30 μM) and «low» (0.01 μM and 1 μM).

Following purification, recombinant proteins were quantitated by ELISA and while expression levels varied significantly between individual proteins, most were purified to micromolar levels (Table 1).

Conversely, gene expression that is irreversible upon smoking cessation will show similar levels in current and former (ever) smokers but differ between ever and never smokers.

In overweight or obese subjects, IER (60 - 85 % ER / alternate days) have been shown to produce an average weight loss of between -5 and -8 % body - weight in studies of four to 12 weeks duration with the degree of weight - loss seemingly correlated to the length of the intervention.37, 38, 40, 45 - 47, 49 - 52 Weight - loss is accompanied by reductions in whole - body adiposity 37, 38, 40, 45 - 47, 49 - 52, waist circumference39, 40, 43, 45 and favourable shifts in adipokine expression encompassing lowered circulating levels of TNF - a 37, IL - 6 37, resistin 39, 49 and augmented adiponectin expression 39, consistent with favourable modulations in adipose function.

So when we were thinking about the year's major breakouts in terms of direction, we tried to strike a balance between those who we can see moving on to $ 200m budget spectaculars and those whose next modestly - priced, heartfelt piece of personal expression we can't wait to see — essentially, we've tried to mix in industry breakthroughs with neophyte arthouse filmmakers and even a few better known names who have seen a quantum level leap in terms of their profile in 2014.

Emoji from your pinned contacts can appear and animate right from the taskbar — an extra level of emotional connection and expression between you and the key people in your life.

Other data showed that there is a significant positive correlation between a high level of family intimacy as well as emotional expression and a high level of self - esteem and self achievement of adolescents (Li et al., 2006); the extent of closeness of family members and the parental expectations might affect the self - esteem and self - concept of the college freshmen (Wu and Ye, 2009).

First, attentional orientation patterns, as indexed through TL - BS parameters, revealed that the direction of peaks (phasic expression of the trial - level orientation, which can be toward or away from emotional faces — Peak Toward, respectively Peak Away) varied, based on the interactions between individual differences in CU traits and ODD - related problems.

The attitudes toward caregiving modalities would directly shape the emotions expression and regulation: this would suggest an explanation of transmission gap in a sort of communication at an implicit level between mother and child.