Sentences with phrase «expression levels of»

Moreover, using a Bayesian deconvolution method to estimate methylation levels from the data [53], we found promoter methylation levels to be significantly inversely correlated (p value = 2.3e - 25) with previously published gene expression levels of T cells from human samples (Figure S1).

IL - 1β and TNFα were increased in ALI - FRECs by 24hpi, whereas expression levels of IFN - α and TLR9 were not increased until 36hpi.

«exerted numerous adverse effects, including reduction in beneficial decal microflora, increased fecal pH, and enhanced expression levels of p - gp»

Also noted by IER studies are an increase in the expression levels of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), an NAD + - dependent deacetylase.20 The expression of SIRT1, also increased by prolonged ER in rodents, is linked to the up - regulation of cellular stress resistance and improved outcomes in animal models of metabolic, neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases.106, 107These findings have been suggestively accompanied by improvements in resilience to disease progression in rodent models of Type 1 diabetic nephropathy 20, survival following induced ischaemic injury 21 and a reduction in oxidative stress.105

In multiple independent breast cancer cohorts analyzed, we found a strong association of high expression levels of MELK with a higher grade of malignancy and an unfavorable prognosis regardless of the treatment modality.

We considered a minimum ten fold difference in the expression levels of genes as a relevant criterion for classifying them as high and low expression genes.

The expression levels of two SEC components AF9 and ELL2 are also markedly upregulated, allowing more SEC formation.

Examining expression levels of H2AX in breast cancer tumor data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, a large National Institutes of Health database containing genetic information about tumor tissue from more than 11,000 patients, the Roswell Park team found that breast cancer patients whose tumors had high levels of H2AX had a significantly worse prognosis than those with low levels.

A. Average expression levels of Global Clusters 4, 12, 15, 20 and 30 that contain up regulated transcripts during ES cell differentiation.

The expression levels of relevant genes are shown in the diagrams by the standard red (high)-- green (low) color codes.

One of the lines derived had higher levels of ACAN at 2 weeks and during 3D culture formed high levels of extracellular matrix (Alcian blue van Gieson staining), high levels of collagen II deposition and increasing expression levels of ACAN, SOX9, and COL2A1 types A and B, overall suggesting a high cartilage differentiation capacity.

While previous studies have identified mutations in drug target genes in resistant parasites, changes in the expression levels of both targets and transporters have also been reported.

In some cases affected transcripts in Cre +; Tsc1 flox / flox mice showed significant variation among individuals that can not simply be explained by differential effectiveness of CRE - mediated knockout since, except one animal, all Cre +; Tsc1 flox / flox mice showed similarly reduced expression levels of Tsc1 mRNA.

«These results are quite surprising - this work produced almost a full restoration of wild - type expression levels of the FMR1 gene,» said Jaenisch.

The scatter plot in the center depicts the expression levels of all genes in the VNO versus the OM.

The expression levels of each category were relatively consistent across cell types.

Further comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses showed infection severity correlated with the expression levels of certain genes shared by nearly all E. coli, including genes involved in motility and nutrient utilization.

Additionally, two inflammation markers were determined, namely, the expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2 and the levels of secreted monocyte chemoattractant protein - 1.

In one, he found elevated expression levels of the gene MSH2, whose product is a known DNA repair enzyme.

The high expression levels of two genes (DNMT3A and DNMT3B) related to DNA methylation in our study is also consistent with a mouse study showing the elevated methylation in parthenotes compared to IVF / ICSI embryos [39].

Since we know the Gal4 - UAS system is sensitive to temperature and in fact, expression levels of these transgenes differ at 22 °C and 25 °C, Drosophila GBPs might also suppress ILP secretion from the insulin - producing cells when expressed at high concentrations.

Expression levels of phosphacan (320 — 340 kDa band) NG2 (270 — 300 kDa band) and Olig2 (32 kDa band), respectively, were normalized for each sample to β - tubulin (52 kDa) expression.

They focused their search on expression levels of two sets of genes, those that remained largely unchanged across all four species, suggesting that there was little room — or need — for improvement, and those that changed most dramatically, usually in the human lineage — an indication of powerful incentives to adapt to a changing environment.

In our study, morula stage parthenotes exhibited high expression levels of MEG3 and PEG1.

Additionally, we... found increased expression levels of genes that are considered to be associated with AD (BACE2, RCAN1, ETS2, TMED10), as compared to healthy controls.

We also observed that parthenotes from in vitro matured oocytes have similar mRNA expression levels of the majority of studied genes compared to IVF / ICSI embryos at the blastocyst stage.

found increased expression levels of genes that are considered to be associated with AD (BACE2, RCAN1, ETS2, TMED10), as compared to healthy controls.

To quantitatively determine differences between the expression levels of these genes in hNSCs and hESCs, we utilized real time RT - PCR.

J147 treatment of aged huAPP / PS1 mice increases the expression levels of several proteins involved in neurotrophin signaling.

Notably, a positive correlation between the mRNA expression levels of DDX3 and p21waf1 / cip1 in 45 HCC specimens was also found by linear regression analysis (r = 0.501, P < 0.001; Fig. 5D).

Protein expression levels of DDX3 analyzed by immunohistochemical staining are also subjected to similar classification (see Materials and Methods).

The expression levels of AtRCCR and AtChlase from the same PlantPho promoter differ, possibly from differences in mRNA stability for AtRCCR and AtChlase.

Expression levels of DDX3 mRNA in HCC samples as shown in (B) are classified into unchanged, decreased, and enhanced categories.

These studies are unable to determine a causal relationship due to factors such as gene regulation — a genetic variant may instead contribute to altered expression levels of true causal genes, which remain undetected by a GWAS.

CR increases the expression levels of SIRT1 7, 8, SIRT3 9 and SIRT5 10, while high fat diet has been demonstrate to reduce SIRT1 expression 11.

Changing the expression levels of GATA - 1 in monocytes (red) can make them differentiate into eosinophils, erythrocytes, or megakaryocytes.

High mRNA expression levels of HNF4α and ASGPR1 are shown in the enhanced hiPS - HEP cells for an extended culture time and are comparable to levels in cryopreserved human primary hepatocytes (hphep cells) that have been grown for only a short time.

(C) Relative expression levels of transcripts required for eye formation (boxed in pink; also see Table S1).

Expression levels of Bsl1 and SvDwf4 were analyzed by a standard curve method using equal amounts of total RNA per sample.

Variation in expression levels of these genes was also observed in human blood samples, though the variation was in opposite phase of the mouse studies.

While expression levels of all marker genes remained almost unchanged in wild - type ACVR1 cultures compared with the empty viral vector, the expression profile induced by caACVR1 Q207D displayed evidence of advanced chondrogenic differentiation as shown by decreased levels of the early differentiation stage marker collagen type II together with enhanced expression of the later - stage markers Ihh and collagen type X. Indian hedgehog has been shown previously to be induced by BMP signaling transmitted via the ACVR1 receptor (9).

Remarkably, the relative expression levels of all marker genes were only slightly decreased when R206H ACVR1 and Q207D caACVR1 cultures were cotransfected with Noggin, whereas cells expressing the wild - type ACVR1 or empty viral vector showed clear downregulation of all analyzed marker genes for chondrogenesis.

Alterations of methylation status and mRNA expression levels of RARβ, MGMT, p16, or hMLH1 genes after treatment with EGCG or other polyphenols.

Gene expression patterns in the hippocampus samples were examined using DNA microarrays that measured the expression levels of over 30,000 genes (transcripts) per sample.

Using quantitative RT - PCR we determined the relative expression levels of the macrophage expressed gene Cd68 in human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Overexpression of wild - type ACVR1 in chick micromass cultures resulted in expression levels of marker genes that are comparable to those of the empty viral vector, while cells overexpressing R206H ACVR1 showed upregulation of collagen type II and aggrecan.

The constitutive expression of these endothelial cell adhesion molecules was very similar for most of the lines derived from different organs, i.e., very low expression levels of E-selectin and VCAM - 1 and more pronounced expression of ICAM - 1.

After analyzing blood samples from 13 exposed and unexposed babies, she found that the expression levels of 11 genes were significantly different in newborns with arsenic - exposed mothers.

Encouraged by the study results, the team suggests that it may now be technologically possible to screen for cancer by checking expression levels of bronchial airway cell genes.

The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were also reduced.