And when payback and cost - benefit calculations start from an «end of business as usual» perspective — factoring in not only
external costs of oil, but also likely carbon credits or other results of a cap - and - trade system or a carbon tax — everything changes.
Is the «business as usual» approach — subsidizing fossil - fuel supply and nuclear energy and large hydro projects, maintaining low energy prices to consumers by keeping environmental and political
costs «
external,» propping up
oil supply by every available means — part
of the solution or part
of the problem?
Sure, tax cuts, grants and loans are fairly easy to account for, but what about military deployments to secure foreign
oil supplies, or infrastructure
costs like roads and transmission lines, or the seemingly endless stream
of external costs linked to carbon emissions, toxic air and water pollutants, higher health care
costs and missed work days?