Many climate scientists (including ourselves) routinely answer media calls after
extreme events with the phrase that a particular event can not be directly attributed to global warming.
By consulting climate records and modeling
extreme events with and without added greenhouse gases, scientists can talk about how much global warming has increased the chances of extreme events — without blaming any one event on warming.
Of course, using 30 years of data to estimate
extreme events with a return period of centuries is a sketchy proposition.
Not exact matches
Slow economic growth, increasing
extreme weather
events and volatility in capital markets made the insurance business tumultuous in recent years,
with employees facing upheaval in their day - to - day roles as well as layoffs.
As the
event opened, the panellists were presented
with five global risk scenarios: uncontrolled city growth, lack of fresh water,
extreme weather, continued fossil fuel lock - in and rising cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
With wild price swings, massive up - cycles, exciting resource discoveries and
extreme weather
events all playing into things, there's rarely a dull day in the sector.
Organizations like Nuru Intl., which seeks to help end
extreme poverty, hold campus
events where students walk
with a five - gallon bucket filled
with water for a certain amount of time or distance.
Nonetheless, the very imminence of this coming great
event exerts tremendous power over the present moment, endowing it
with extreme urgency.
Genuine beauty entails such a fragile balance between the
extremes of complexity and harmony that the slide into either confusion or triviality is more of a possibility than
with those things or
events that are closer to equilibrium.
Growing scarcity In addition to a growing scarcity of natural resources such as land, water and biodiversity «global agriculture will have to cope
with the effects of climate change, notably higher temperatures, greater rainfall variability and more frequent
extreme weather
events such as floods and droughts,» Diouf warned.
«The National Government and Fonterra's preoccupation
with growth at all costs is making the dairy sector more vulnerable and less resilient to swings in world commodity prices as well as drought and
extreme weather
events,» Sage said.
The dynamic flex - performance teamed
with the SIP bumpers provide
extreme protection in the
event of a side impact.
Cuomo said his decision to exercise
extreme caution
with this
event was informed by a snowstorm in Buffalo a few months ago that, despite a relatively modest forecast, ended up dumping 7 feet of snow on the city and stranding people on roads for hours.
«What we're really being hit
with is these very
extreme weather
events, like the hurricane last year,» said Queens City Councilman James Gennaro, who said so - called 20 - year storms now seem to happen «pretty much happen every year.»
He admitted «it is sad to note that thirty - eight years on, the vices of corruption, nepotism, cronyism, etc., which led to the eruption of June 4th in 1979 have slowly crept back into our everyday life and arguably surpassed the obnoxious period preceding the June 4
event,» adding «our nation is once again grappling
with the canker of widespread,
extreme corruption that has permeated the whole of our society, including officialdom.»
When an
extreme event collides
with continually rising seas, it takes a less intense storm, such as a Category I hurricane, to inflict as much coastal damage as a Category II or III storm would have had when the seas were lower.
Interspersing sea level rise
with the latest predictions of
extreme sea level
events, the research team was able to illustrate the dramatic effect one has on the other and pinpoint regions of the world that are especially threatened.
If you live in Texas or Florida, rising temperatures will combine
with population growth to create a sixfold rise in numbers of people exposed to
extreme and potentially fatal heat
events from 2041 onwards.
«The ability to respond to longer - term seasonal changes does not impede the ability to respond to rapid changes associated
with short - term
extreme cold
events,» said Daniel Hahn, associate professor of insect physiology
with UF's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences» Department of Entomology and Nematology.
They have shown that there is substantial genetic variation in nature for both long - term seasonal acclimation and short - term acclimation associated
with rapid
extreme weather
events.
While the trends associated
with climate change — hotter days, heavier rainfall and a greater number of
extreme weather
events — are present in the models, for many crops in Africa and Asia it's not clear how extensive the effects will be.
This does not mean, of course, that individual
extreme events (such as the 2003 European heat wave) can be said to be simply «caused» by human - induced climate change — usually such
events are complex,
with many causes.
According to a 2013 study of California farmers, factors like exposure to
extreme weather
events and perceived changes in water availability made farmers more likely to believe in climate change, while negative experiences
with environmental policies can make farmers less likely to believe that climate change is occurring, said Meredith Niles, a postdoctoral research fellow at Harvard's Sustainability Science Program and lead author of the study.
Here we are not dealing
with large volcanic eruptions of the size of Pinatubo of Mount St. Helens, here we are talking about
extreme events: The Toba caldera in the Sumatra subduction zone in Indonesia originated from one of the largest volcanic eruption in recent Earth history, about 74,000 years ago.
Increased fluctuations in the path of the North Atlantic jet stream since the 1960s coincide
with more
extreme weather
events in Europe such as heat waves, droughts, wildfires and flooding, reports a University of Arizona - led team.
With hurricanes, wildfires and drought, 2017 is chock - full of
extreme event candidates for next year's crop of BAMS attribution studies.
Extreme summer weather
events in the American Midwest are also associated
with extreme northward or southward movements of the jet stream, the authors write.
Offsetting disaster assistance
with the conservation dollars that are absolutely essential for farmers, ranchers, and rural communities to withstand these
extreme weather
events is reckless.
«Offsetting disaster assistance
with the conservation dollars that are absolutely essential for farmers, ranchers, and rural communities to withstand these
extreme weather
events is reckless and runs counter to the very real need for hurricane recovery support,» said Alyssa Charney, a policy specialist at the NSAC.
Increased jet waviness is associated
with a weakening of the jet stream, and the accompanying «blocking» is linked to some of the most
extreme UK seasonal weather
events experienced over the past decade.
«It quickly became clear that keeping global temperatures under 1.5 °C had a clear benefit for Australia in terms of reducing
extreme events and the costs that come
with them,» Dr King said.
«Most of the action occurred in changes to
extreme heat,
with big increases in
events similar to the Angry Summer of 2012/13.
«However, our data covers timeframes spanning centuries and millennia — we can't zoom in on just a handful of years, which means we can only draw indirect conclusions regarding the
extreme events that shape weather,» explains climate researcher Rehfeld, who is currently pursuing research
with the British Antarctic Survey (BAS).
Yet Matz's study suggests that,
extreme events aside, the corals show signs of adapting quickly enough to keep pace
with warming waters — at least for now.
Its core is a flurry of recent research proposing that such
extreme weather
events in the midlatitudes are linked through the atmosphere
with the effects of rapid climate change in the Arctic, such as dwindling sea ice.
If it turns out climate change is making
extreme weather
events more likely, it is important to help locals build resilience, for instance by building irrigation systems to cope
with drought, says Grainne Moloney, a chief technical adviser
with FAO Somalia, a division of the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.
The link between human activity and unusual jet stream patterns associated
with extreme weather
events is getting stronger, says Olive Heffernan
«Medical experts argue that dealing
with climate change will improve our public health by reducing the likelihood of
extreme weather
events, reducing air quality and allergen problems, and limiting the spread of pests that carry infectious diseases.»
New research shows that the most
extreme events in financial data dynamics - reflected in very large price moves - are incompatible
with multi-fractal scaling.
«Richer, more diverse ecosystems are better able to cope
with disturbances — such as
extreme events and the emergence of diseases.
Analysing the adequation of financial data structure
with its expected fractal scaling could help early detection of
extreme financial
events.
As
with any solar - related
event,
extreme caution must be taken to avoid eye damage.
The committee also recommends that some future
event attribution activities could be incorporated into an integrated weather - to - climate forecasting efforts on a broad range of timescales,
with an ultimate goal of providing predictive risk - based forecasts of
extreme events at lead times of days to seasons.
Climate forecasts indicate that the Southern High Plains will become drier
with more frequent
extreme heat
events and decreased precipitation.
«Science can now link climate change
with some
extreme weather
events.»
Overall, the chances of seeing a rainfall
event as intense as Harvey have roughly tripled - somewhere between 1.5 and five times more likely - since the 1900s and the intensity of such an
event has increased between 8 percent and 19 percent, according to the new study by researchers
with World Weather Attribution, an international coalition of scientists that objectively and quantitatively assesses the possible role of climate change in individual
extreme weather
events.
Associate Professor Inoue of the research team states «This indicates that meteorological observation in the Arctic can help reduce the impact of
extreme winter weather
events in mid-latitude areas
with concentrated populations.
Meteorological systems are an exception to this rule,
with extreme events appearing at a much higher rate than could be predicted from long - term observation at much lower magnitude.
The fog mingled
with high pollution was an
extreme event «when the air quality goes from very poor to dangerous,» said Gufran Beig, a scientist at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology.
Dredging and sediment among the «stressors» Climate change is another threat,
with warming oceans likely to lead to more
extreme coral bleaching
events, when corals lose the symbiotic algae that lend them their color.