In general, the wide array of research - supported protective
factors against violence likely applies to gang members because this group and violent adolescents have many risk factors in common.
Not exact matches
According to the report's author, Professor Kate Shannon,
factors such as being forced to service clients in cars or public places, inability to access drug treatment and a prior assault by police all correlated with
violence against female sex workers.
Although using
violence against the U.S. government is one such
factor, the presentation notes that «[m] embership in an organization, alone, is not disqualifying.»
An advertising campaign built around aggressive
violence and the reputation of a polarizing director, a late August release date and mixed early word coming out of Cannes were all
factors working
against «Inglourious Basterds» leading up to its release.
Violence against children takes a variety of forms and is influenced by a wide range of
factors, from the personal characteristics of the victim and perpetrator to their cultural and physical environments.
There also is strong research support for other protective
factors that buffer youth
against overall
violence that have been identified for the five developmental sectors of adolescents (Howell, Lipsey, and Wilson, 2014, pp. 21 — 22).
Addressing
violence against women is not sufficient unless the underlying
factors of discrimination that originate and exacerbate the
violence are also comprehensively addressed.
This literature review seeks to highlight specific policy interventions
against risk
factors that predispose communities towards gangs, organized crime, and electoral
violence; and interventions that attack each of those types of
violence directly.
Amnesty International also identifies a number of current
factors that contribute to the heightened risk of
violence against Aboriginal women: the marginalization of Aboriginal women, police failure to provide adequate protection, and racist motivations, or the expectation of impunity.
Such
factors include evidence of
violence or threats of
violence against the child, emotional harm, a child's request to limit or deny visits, a non-custodial parent's mental illness or substance abuse, the emotional damage caused by visiting a parent in jail or a parent's threats to abduct the child.
Advances in prevention in public health2 provide a model for prevention of adolescent health - risk behaviors by focusing on risk and protective
factors predictive of these behaviors.3, 4 Research on the predictors of school failure, delinquency, drug abuse, teen pregnancy, and
violence indicates that many of the same
factors predict these different outcomes.5, 6 Recent research has shown that bonding to school and family protects
against a broad range of health - risk behaviors in adoles cence.6 Yet, prevention studies typically have focused narrowly on a specific outcome, such as preventing substance abuse, and on attitudes and social influences that predict that outcome.7, 8 Previous studies on prevention have not sought to address the shared risk and protective
factors for diverse health - risk behaviors that are the main threats to adolescent health.
These included characteristics on multiple levels of the child's biopsychosocial context: (1) child
factors: race / ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic, and Asian / Pacific Islander / Alaska Native), age, gender, 9 - month Bayley Mental and Motor scores, birth weight (normal, moderately low, or very low), parent - rated child health (fair / poor vs good / very good / excellent), and hours per week in child care; (2) parent
factors: maternal age, paternal age, SES (an ECLS - B — derived variable that includes maternal and paternal education, employment status, and income), maternal marital status (married, never married, separated / divorced / widowed), maternal general health (fair / poor versus good / very good / excellent), maternal depression (assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at 9 months and the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview at 2 years), prenatal use of tobacco and alcohol (any vs none), and
violence against the mother; (3) household
factors: single - parent household, number of siblings (0, 1, 2, or 3 +), language spoken at home (English vs non-English), neighborhood good for raising kids (excellent / very good, good, or fair / poor), household urbanicity (urban city, urban county, or rural), and modified Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment — Short Form (HOME - SF) score.
These findings are also in line with other studies that have shown that chronic caregiver stress in the postpartum and early childhood period has been associated with persistent wheeze in early childhood4 as well as
factors that may initiate or potentiate inflammation in the lung (eg, IgE expression, enhanced nonspecific and allergen - specific lymphocyte proliferation, differential cytokine expression).5, 7 Both persistent wheeze and atopy have been linked to reduced lung function in childhood.49 This cumulative stress model is particularly relevant given that maternal IPV may become a more direct stressor for toddlers who are witnessing
violence against their mothers.50
Poverty, a lack of employment opportunities, a lack of institutional support from police and judicial system, the general tolerance of sexual
violence within the community, and weak community sanctions
against sexual
violence perpetrators — all can come together to amplify individual and relationship risk
factors.
To that end, the law allows a mother to request temporary and permanent court orders of protection to protect both the mother and children from abuse, and a judge is required to consider domestic
violence as a
factor against awarding custody to an abusive husband.
In making permanent custody decisions, Arizona judges are required by law to consider domestic
violence as a
factor against the best interests of the child.
Intimate partner
violence against women in western Ethiopia: prevalence, patterns, and associated
factors
According to a 2003 report in the «Journal of Family
Violence,» high levels of academic achievement and feeling connected to school are protective
factors against dating victimization.
Intimate partner
violence against women in rural Vietnam — different socio - demographic
factors are associated with different forms of
violence: need for new intervention guidelines?
Preventing Intimate Partner and Sexual
Violence Against Women: Taking Action and Generating Evidence World Health Organization (2010) Provides a framework for analyzing risk and protective factors of intimate partner and sexual violence as well as for developing programs and policies for pre
Violence Against Women: Taking Action and Generating Evidence World Health Organization (2010) Provides a framework for analyzing risk and protective
factors of intimate partner and sexual
violence as well as for developing programs and policies for pre
violence as well as for developing programs and policies for prevention.
School staff perpetration of physical
violence against students in Uganda: a multilevel analysis of risk
factors
Oscar said the evident relationship between alcohol and levels of family
violence in Aboriginal communities is not widely understood (and differs from mainstream views that alcohol and drugs are reinforcing
factors but not a cause of
violence against women.)
We also need to work together with other professional disciplines to deliver programs that build protective
factors against long - term issues such as mental health problems, family
violence, abuse and bullying.
Although there are policies in Wales that aim to address
violence, including the recent «Framework for Managing the Night - Time Economy in Wales», 54 the Well - being of Future Generations (Wales) Act, 55 which provisionally includes a national indicator around «feeling safe in the community», and the Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk factors through other measures, including policy.1 Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect agains
violence, including the recent «Framework for Managing the Night - Time Economy in Wales», 54 the Well - being of Future Generations (Wales) Act, 55 which provisionally includes a national indicator around «feeling safe in the community», and the
Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk factors through other measures, including policy.1 Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect agains
Violence Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk factors through other measures, including policy.1 Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect against
Against Women, Domestic Abuse and Sexual
Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk factors through other measures, including policy.1 Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect agains
Violence (Wales) Act (2015), 56 more can be done to address key risk
factors through other measures, including policy.1
Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect agains
Violence is strongly linked to social determinants such as unemployment; income and gender inequality; limited educational opportunities; and cultural, social and gender norms.1 Any comprehensive
violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect agains
violence prevention strategy must recognise the influence of such
factors and identify ways to mitigate or protect
againstagainst risks.
The Parent Project directly addresses the following Risk
Factors of the Youth Level of Service / Case Management Inventory Assessment Tool: General offenses, Restlessness, Risk taking, Aggression, Physical
violence, Crimes
against person, Antisocial behavior, Substance abuse, Poor parent - child relationships, Harsh or lax discipline, Poor monitoring / supervision, Low parental involvement, Antisocial parents, Abusive parents, Family conflict, Poor school attendance and performance, Antisocial - delinquent peers, and Gang membership.
Number of violent attacks
against health care staff;
Factors contributing to the
violence against nurses; Need for a system to be placed to make it easier for staff to report...
Shared parenting assumes that both parents will be awarded joint custody, unless other
factors (proven abuse or domestic
violence) weigh
against it.
[jounal] Tajima, E. A. / 2000 / The relative importance of wife abuse as a risk
factor for
violence against childern / Child Abuse & Neglect 24 (11): 1383 ~ 1398
Evidence from this empirical study suggests a nexus of the Trauma, Feminist and Intergenerational Transmission of Family
Violence theories in explaining the underlying factors why men perpetrate violence against intimate p
Violence theories in explaining the underlying
factors why men perpetrate
violence against intimate p
violence against intimate partners.
This
factor is often overlooked by current policies and other intervention strategies aimed at addressing
violence against women which are primarily guided and directed by a liberal feminist framework.