The data was obtained from the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) Study, which has been investigating the effects of various risk and protective
factors on bone density and bone fractures since 1989.
But in the current issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Elizabeth Barrett - Connor and colleagues at the University of California, San Diego, describe how they found that the effect of drinking coffee
on bone density in women was independent of other
factors such as smoking and exercise.