A closer look at
these families during the prenatal period shows that fathers who are absent from the birth are largely absent during pregnancy as well [Figure 2.]
Not exact matches
Home visits are offered to at - risk
families with young children, sometimes starting
during the
prenatal period.
Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) This study attempted to determine the effect of
prenatal and infant / toddler nurse home visiting [now called Nurse
Family Partnership (NFP)-RSB- on maternal and child mortality
during a 2 - decade
period (1990 - 2011).
Development
during the
prenatal period, infancy and childhood is known to influence lifelong health, 1 — 4 and the link between early - life health and adult outcomes is strong and economically meaningful.5 Promotion of optimal child development and well - being comprises early detection and treatment of whole
families, and it can potentially prevent the development of behavioural and emotional problems in children and adolescents.6
During the
prenatal and infant
periods,
families have been identified on the basis of socioeconomic risk (parental education, income, age8, 11) and / or other
family (e.g. maternal depression) or child (e.g. prematurity and low birth weight12) risks; whereas with preschoolers a greater emphasis has been placed on the presence of child disruptive behaviour, delays in language / cognitive impairment and / or more pervasive developmental delays.6 With an increased emphasis on
families from lower socioeconomic strata, who typically face multiple types of adversity (e.g. low parental educational attainment and work skills, poor housing, low social support, dangerous neighbourhoods), many parenting programs have incorporated components that provide support for parents» self - care (e.g. depression, birth - control planning), marital functioning and / or economic self - sufficiency (e.g. improving educational, occupational and housing resources).8, 13,14 This trend to broaden the scope of «parenting» programs mirrors recent findings on early predictors of low - income children's social and emotional skills.