Construction of China's 600 MWe demonstration
fast reactor at Xiapu, Fujian province, has officially begun with the pouring of the first concrete for the reactor's basemat.
The assemblies were built for Germany's SNR 300
fast reactor at Kalkar, which was built but never licensed to operate.
He said that the government had reviewed its position and concluded that the funding of research and development on
the fast reactor at Dounreay was not a priority beyond March 1993, as there was agreement that commercial deployment of the fast reactor would not be justified until well into the next century.
Not exact matches
The
reactors — six - foot - tall metal and glass boxes that glow seafoam green when
at work — mimic what happens to carbon after millennia of pressure, but
faster, with less human labor and a carbon - neutral footprint.
U.S. policy should aim
at development of self - sustaining «
fast»
reactors that generate enough fuel to maintain operations, rather than pursuing breeder
reactors that create excess fuel, the report says.
The new study led by Satoshi Chiba
at Tokyo Tech shows that effective transmutation of LLFPs can be achieved in
fast spectrum
reactors without the need for isotope separation.
«Yeah, there's less concrete and, yeah, there's less steel in the
reactor vessel,» says nuclear engineer Eric Loewen, chief consulting engineer
at GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, which is proposing a modular
fast reactor to help the U.K. with its plutonium problem.
A test facility near Lynchburg, Va. is up and running to ensure that what looks good on paper will also work in practice and B&W already has one potential customer in the U.S. — the TVA — expressing an interest in building as many as six of the small modular
reactors at its Clinch River site, former home of a failed effort to build a
fast breeder
reactor in the 1970s.
Strauss - Kahn was talking in Paris
at a public hearing on Superphenix, the world's first commercial scale,
fast - breeder
reactor.
Coupling
Reactor Types If advanced
fast reactors come into use, they will
at first burn spent thermal -
reactor fuel that has been recycled using pyroprocessing.
One sodium fire began in 1995
at the Monju
fast reactor in Japan.
Advanced
fast - neutron
reactor technology, however, permits an alternative recycling strategy that does not involve pure plutonium
at any stage.
Researchers
at Argonne National Laboratory began developing
fast -
reactor technology in the 1950s.
Mark Poling, wastewater treatment director
at Durham, says it could be
faster, because the
reactors are functioning better than expected.
The Tennessee Valley Authority hopes to catalyze development of such
reactors by installing one
at its Clinch River site in Tennessee, former home of the U.S.'s failed attempt to build its own commercial
fast reactor.
Conceived in the 1970s, Monju was once
at the leading edge of research into
fast fission
reactors, which have always been controversial because they burn plutonium, an ingredient in bombs.
«The answer that I got from them
at the end of October,» said Eggar, «was that they felt, having examined all their priorities across all the R&D, that they could not give enough priority to
fast breeder
reactor research.
«The possibility of cooperative work with Japan in the area of
fast reactors is something that is attractive to us precisely because they have Monju,» Daniel Poneman, the U.S. deputy secretary of energy, said
at a press conference today.
«
At one time or another, [
fast reactors] were a priority program in the U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Italy and Russia,» notes physicist Thomas Cochran of the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental group.
The European
fast reactor programme — led by Britain, France and Germany — had hoped to carry out important research
at the
fast reactor research centre
at Dounreay in Scotland, which is operated by AEA Technology.
Colin Gregory, director of the
fast reactor research programme
at Dounreay, says that the EFR will inevitably take longer to construct and cost more without more time for research
at Dounreay.
Britain's
fast reactor programme has been running for nearly 40 years
at a total cost of over # 4 billion.
The PRISM design has benefited from the operating experience of EBR - II, an integral
fast reactor prototype, which was developed by Argonne National Laboratory, and operated for more than 30 years
at the Idaho National Laboratory near Idaho Falls, Idaho.
Prism is a sodium - cooled
fast neutron
reactor design built on more than 30 years of development work, benefitting from the operating experience of the EBR - II prototype integral
fast reactor which operated
at the USA's Idaho National Laboratory — formerly Argonne National Laboratory — from 1963 to 1994.
PRISM's coolant, liquid sodium, allows the neutrons in the
reactor to remain
at a higher energy (or speed, hence the common reference of «
fast reactor»).
Thus, liquid sodium is the coolant of choice in
fast reactors because it can effectively transfer heat away from the nuclear fuel, while
at the same time maximizing the number of
fast neutrons.
The government said the incidents
at Monju had led to a «stagnation» in the country's
fast reactor development, as well as increased costs.
Both GEH and ARC have developed
reactor designs based on the Experimental Breeder
Reactor - II (EBR - II) integral sodium - cooled
fast reactor prototype
at the Argonne National Laboratory.
GEH and ARC Nuclear have each developed advanced
reactor designs based on the EBR - II, an integral sodium - cooled
fast reactor prototype which was developed by Argonne National Laboratory and operated successfully for more than 30 years
at Idaho Falls, Idaho.
I've always been against nuclear but have been looking
at the claims for
fast neutron
reactors.
Another
fast reactor is under construction in India
at Kalpakkam which will produce 470 MWe when it starts up, also in 2014.
The EM2 concept is for a modular, 240 - 265 MWe helium cooled,
fast neutron, high temperature
reactor operating
at 850 °C.
Russia is planning to construct a larger BN - 1200
fast reactor power unit
at Beloyarsk to start up by 2020, while cooperating with China to build two BN - 800 units there.
The contribution of uranium price to the cost of electricity generated by
fast reactors, even if its price were the same as that of gold
at US$ 14,000 / kg, would be US$ 0.003 / kWh of electricity generated.
And nuclear power is just as sustainable as any other power source — even if we only use conventional nuclear
fast reactor designs, there is enough uranium in the oceans and on land (recoverable
at prices that allow the fuel costs of
fast reactors to remain the same as today — which is trivial) to last for 5 billlion years, the expected time remaining fo our sun.
Under previously announced plans, deployment of PWRs is expected to level off
at 200 GWe by around 2040, with the use of
fast reactors progressively increasing from 2020 to
at least 200 GWe by 2050 and 1400 GWe by 2100.
«By around 2040, PWRs are expected to level off
at 200 GWe and
fast reactors progressively increase from 2020 to
at least 200 GWe by 2050 and 1400 GWe by 2100.»
It compels the DOE to build an experimental
fast reactor, using an experimental fuel,
at a scale and power density that has never been demonstrated, on a rushed schedule, with insufficient funding.