While there are more than 90 advanced nuclear technology and small modular reactor designs under various stages of development, GEH and ARC Nuclear view sodium
fast reactors as being the most mature advanced reactor technology with decades of real operating experience from more than 20 previous reactors.
The number of neutrons per fission changes in
fast reactors as well.
Not exact matches
F: A nuclear - thermal rocket — a fission
reactor that heats hydrogen to 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit — gives you an exhaust velocity twice
as fast as the best chemical rocket.
A test facility near Lynchburg, Va. is up and running to ensure that what looks good on paper will also work in practice and B&W already has one potential customer in the U.S. — the TVA — expressing an interest in building
as many
as six of the small modular
reactors at its Clinch River site, former home of a failed effort to build a
fast breeder
reactor in the 1970s.
It could be stashed away for future use
as fast -
reactor fuel.
As today's thermal
reactors reach the end of their lifetimes, they could be replaced by
fast reactors.
But a spokesman for Dounreay, Ian Shepherd, stresses that comprehensive monitoring of the site started last autumn
as part of a multimillion pound programme to decommission two
fast reactors and their associated plants.
Now, a change of shape may turn the mainstream
reactor design, known
as a tokamak, into something simpler,
faster, and cheaper — and bring us closer to achieving fusion energy.
He said that the government had reviewed its position and concluded that the funding of research and development on the
fast reactor at Dounreay was not a priority beyond March 1993,
as there was agreement that commercial deployment of the
fast reactor would not be justified until well into the next century.
Rather than the pellets of uranium oxide used in other
fast reactors and conventional
reactors as fuel, GE would fabricate metal alloy fuels, with the plutonium or uranium mixed with zirconium metal.
One solution under consideration is to recycle the plutonium yet further — by using it
as fuel in a pair of new, so - called «
fast»
reactors.
Poneman said Monju came up in the discussions because of the possibility of using
fast reactors to burn plutonium and the long - lived isotopes of elements such
as neptunium and americium that account for much of the radiotoxicity of nuclear waste.
The idea remains that
fast reactors, which get their name because the neutrons that initiate fission in the
reactor are zipping about
faster than those in a conventional
reactor, could offer a speedy solution to cleaning some nasty nuclear waste, which fissions better with
fast neutrons, while also providing electricity
as a by - product.
As a result of numerous fires from leaking systems, operating sodium - cooled
fast reactors to date have been shut down more than they have run.
Such
fast reactors are more expensive than even traditional
reactors, such
as Westinghouse's new AP - 1000 under construction in China and the U.S., which are estimated to cost roughly $ 7 billion apiece.
An unlikely alliance between Japan and Russia is emerging
as the last refuge of the
fast reactor now that Western Europe and the US have effectively abandoned the technology.
Closures included France's Phenix, a prototype
fast reactor which produced 233 MWe, and Lithuania's Ignalina 2 which produced 1185 MWe but has been closed early
as a condition of EU entry.
«The technology with the potential to solve these problems (of climate change, future energy shortfalls and cleaning up nuclear waste) is the
fast reactor, ideally the integral
fast reactor (IFR)... IFRs, once loaded with nuclear waste, can, in principle, keep recycling it until only a small fraction remains, producing energy
as they do so.»
The water around the
reactor core serves
as three things: a neutron moderator, meaning it slows down the
fast neutrons released during fission, which then sustain the chain reaction; a cooling agent; and a radiation shield.
RIAR's
reactors provide a full range of capabilities to test fuel and materials of all types of existing power
reactors as well
as advanced and innovative ones: water - cooled thermal
reactors, including those with boiling and pressurized water, gas - cooled,
fast and other types of
reactors.
As an added bonus, many of the very long - lived nuclides larger than Uranium (Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, etc.) have the same trend, and fast reactors can split and destroy these actinides as fuel rather than let them accumulate as in thermal reactor
As an added bonus, many of the very long - lived nuclides larger than Uranium (Neptunium, Plutonium, Americium, Curium, etc.) have the same trend, and
fast reactors can split and destroy these actinides
as fuel rather than let them accumulate as in thermal reactor
as fuel rather than let them accumulate
as in thermal reactor
as in thermal
reactors.
Also, recycling nuclear fuel (
as is often but not always called for in
fast reactor fuel cycles) brings up proliferation concerns that inspired the Jimmy Carter administration to cancel a large US effort to develop a
fast -
reactor system.
As a result,
fast reactors have fuel requirements reduced by a factor of nearly 100.
The government said the incidents at Monju had led to a «stagnation» in the country's
fast reactor development,
as well
as increased costs.
«GEH has broad engineering experience, deep technical capability and significant investment in its sodium
fast reactor technology program that builds on a 60 - year history
as an original equipment manufacturer of more than 60 boiling water
reactors worldwide,» said Jay Wileman, President and CEO, GEH.
«GEH has broad engineering experience, deep technical capability and significant investment in its sodium
fast reactor technology program that builds on a 60 - year history
as an original equipment manufacturer of more than 60 boiling water
reactors worldwide,» said the company's president and CEO Jay Wileman.
If plant cancellations were from the accidents,
as is frequently claimed, then why did the backlash against nuclear not occur after the far more dangerous 1957 Windscale fire, which shot iodine - 131 across the English countryside, or after the 1966 Fermi - 1 sodium
fast reactor fire?
Or we go down the low - carbon route and go to a mixture of renewables and nuclear technologies such
as integral
fast breed
reactors and so on.
The TWR is a liquid sodium - cooled
fast reactor that uses depleted or natural uranium
as fuel.
In February 2010, General Atomics (GA) announced a modified version of its gas turbine modular helium
reactor (GT - MHR)
as a
fast neutron
reactor — the Energy Multiplier Module (EM2).
As well as the BN series of reactors, Russia is also developing the lead - cooled BREST fast reactor, the lead - bismuth cooled SVBR and a multi-purpose fast neutron research reactor, the MBI
As well
as the BN series of reactors, Russia is also developing the lead - cooled BREST fast reactor, the lead - bismuth cooled SVBR and a multi-purpose fast neutron research reactor, the MBI
as the BN series of
reactors, Russia is also developing the lead - cooled BREST
fast reactor, the lead - bismuth cooled SVBR and a multi-purpose
fast neutron research
reactor, the MBIR.
The contribution of uranium price to the cost of electricity generated by
fast reactors, even if its price were the same
as that of gold at US$ 14,000 / kg, would be US$ 0.003 / kWh of electricity generated.
And nuclear power is just
as sustainable
as any other power source — even if we only use conventional nuclear
fast reactor designs, there is enough uranium in the oceans and on land (recoverable at prices that allow the fuel costs of
fast reactors to remain the same
as today — which is trivial) to last for 5 billlion years, the expected time remaining fo our sun.
http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NP-China-plans-for-nuclear-growth-2011144.html
Fast reactors — make maximum use of uranium resources by generating a certain amount more fuel than they consume — are seen
as the main technology for China's long - term use of nuclear energy.
The leading contender, in my opinion, is the General Atomics modified version of its gas turbine modular helium
reactor (GT - MHR)
as a
fast neutron
reactor — the Energy Multiplier Module (EM2).
Why haven't governments declared martial law and started building nuclear
reactors as fast as possible, with any anti-nuclear protesters being simply shot?
DOE selected the Sodium - cooled
Fast Reactor (SFR)
as the GenIV
reactor type to go forward.
Before attending law school, Russ served
as a division officer on board a nuclear - powered,
fast - attack submarine and was certified
as a Naval Nuclear Engineer by the Department of Energy's Naval
Reactors Division.