The study included two groups of parents (N = 202): parents of ADS children (49 mother -
father dyads) and parents of typically developing children (52 mother -
father dyads).
Pearson's r correlation analysis was used to check correlations between assessments of family functioning and stress and QoL, and to investigate correlations between results in mother -
father dyads.
A community sample of 51 mother -
father dyads with a school - age child rated marital functioning, parental psychological symptoms, and children's adjustment problems.
Not exact matches
Though often neglected in liturgy and hymns (and eclipsed in this volume by the
Father - Son
dyad), the Spirit also continues to work to liberate and transform all people and all creation.
Baby Gooroo offers this great, short visual about
fathers and their important role in supporting the breastfeeding
dyad - How Can Dad Help?
Some
fathers were very «in - tune» with their infants and adopted similar bedsharing styles to mothers while others turned away from the mother - baby
dyad and slept oblivious to all nocturnal interactions.
They found that the correlations between children's and their parents» HEI scores ranged from 0.26 to 0.29 across various child - parent
dyads such as mother - daughter and
father - son; for total energy intake they were 0.14 to 0.29, and for fat intake, -0.04 to 0.28.
Several studies have reported that
fathers may be more involved in their son's physical activity15 31 or have found stronger links between
father — son and mother — daughter
dyads in terms of their physical activity behaviour.36 — 38 In contrast, interview data from the current study revealed a myriad of gender patterns, including examples from
fathers supporting girls» physical activity because they were more confident than mothers in supporting physical activity or because they enjoy watching their daughter play football and a mother taking her son mountain biking to engage in quality one - on - one time.
Objectives for future research in this area include: a) using data from representative, population - based samples, b) using well - matched comparison groups of non-
fathers (to compare with
fathers), c) longitudinal research extending both prior to and post the perinatal period, and d) acquiring data from both partners («
dyad data»).
Genetically informative analyses of the children of sister
dyads (N = 1,382, aged 14 - 21 years) support the selection hypothesis: This association seems attributable to confounded risks, most likely genetic in origin, which correlated both with likelihood of
father absence and early sexual behavior.
A similar process is helpful for mother / daughter,
father / son or other
dyads within a family or organization.
It also describes group Theraplay with
father / son
dyads and with troubled adolescents and offenders.
31 -LRB-(parent $ or mother $ or maternal $ or
father $ or paternal $ or infant $ or child $) adj3 (attachment $ or bond $ or relationship $ or
dyad $ or triad $)-RRB-.
The data revealed that the majority of the
dyads was composed of mothers — main responsible for the care with the child — and biological parents, step
fathers, grandmothers, cousins and foster parents, performing the role of secondary caregiver.
Second,
father - child
dyads already displayed less emotional expressivity and less emotional flexibility than mother - child
dyads.
Although the current study has a number of important strengths, such as the observational design, the comparison of AD and non-AD children, the examination of real - time dyadic emotions using innovative state space grid analyses, and the inclusion of
father - child and mother - child
dyads, several limitations should also be noted and addressed in future research.
It was only found that
father - child
dyads with AD children and non-AD
fathers (p < 0.001), and
dyads with AD
fathers and children (p = 0.001) showed less emotional flexibility compared to non-AD
father - child
dyads.
The conflict interactions of
father - child and mother - child
dyads were independently coded using the Simple Affect Coding system (SACS; Jabson et al. 2003), which has been applied successfully to parent - child interactions (Connell et al. 2011).
It is possible that the results differ between
father - son, mother - son, or
father - daughter
dyads.
Results revealed constraints in... use and provision of the secure base function which were only able to be demonstrated in the SS for
father - child
dyads of the preterm boys.
Additionally, children tend to have more interpersonal conflicts with mothers than with
fathers (Branje et al. 2012), which might make the conflict interactions somewhat more confrontational and relevant for mother - child than
father - child
dyads.
The flexibility measure average duration and the expressivity measures positive and negative affect of
father - child and mother - child
dyads showed one extreme univariate outlier.
However, follow - up comparisons showed, F (2169) = 15.34, p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.15, that
dyads with AD
fathers and AD children did not differ in the amount of emotional flexibility during interactions from
dyads with only children (not
fathers) with an AD (p = 0.772).
Considering that only little research to date has systematically addressed differences between
father - child and mother - child
dyads in these dyadic emotional processes, we explored whether emotional expressivity and flexibility differed between mother - child and
father - child
dyads with and without AD children.
Differences between
father - child
dyads and mother - child
dyads were investigated as well as the effects of parents» AD on dyadic emotional expressivity and dyadic emotional flexibility.
No differences between
father - child and mother - child
dyads were found, since no interaction with parents» gender was found.
Finally, while
fathers» contribution and role during interactions with children might be different from that of mothers, particularly when
fathers have an AD themselves (Bögels and Phares 2008; Lunkenheimer et al. 2011; Morris et al. 2007; Suveg et al. 2008), studies mostly examined emotional expressivity and flexibility of mother - child
dyads.
During a challenging puzzle task at age 3, less emotional flexibility of
father — child
dyads in particular predicted more externalizing problems at age 5 (Lunkenheimer et al. 2011).
For emotional flexibility of
father - child
dyads, a significant main effect of paternal AD was found.
Since, differences between
father - child and mother - child
dyads were not found, more emotional flexibility of
father - child as well as mother - child
dyads seems to be the hallmark of healthy emotional functioning.
This observational study examined differences in emotional expressivity and emotional flexibility of parent - child
dyads with AD children and non-AD children, the effects of parental AD on expressivity and flexibility of
dyads, and differences between
father - child and mother - child
dyads.
The study will involve
dyads of parents raising a child together, which creates the unique opportunity to calculate the correlations between mothers» and
fathers» assessments of family functioning, as well as the level of parenting stress and quality of life.
Table 6 shows the results of correlation analysis in parent
dyads conducted to find out whether mother and
father offer similar assessments of family functioning, parenting stress and QoL.