The federal bankruptcy reform of 2005 created the Means test, to prevent use of Chapter 7 by individuals who were considered capable of repaying at least a portion of their debts through a Chapter 13 plan.
The US
federal bankruptcy reform of 2005 requires that any individual filing for bankruptcy, or seeking final discharge from Chapter 13 bankruptcy, must first obtain credit counseling.
Not exact matches
In no particular order these included: a dysfunctional
bankruptcy framework; an immature domestic capital market; withholding taxes on foreign capital; corruption (particularly at the state level — the Modi government has made progress at the
federal level); policy and renegotiation risks (a number of legacy and high profile tax eases are yet to be resolved); land acquisition costs (and legal risks); and, the need for tax
reforms.
OLA is a new
bankruptcy - type provision included in Dodd - Frank financial
reform legislation that gives the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. the authority to resolve insolvent systemic financial institutions (think future Lehman - like episodes).
Here is the bottom line in the words of the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York, «Our analysis suggests that the 2005
bankruptcy reform negatively affected individuals who became delinquent by increasing the probability that they would become insolvent, a state associated with a high degree of financial distress.»
Congress needs to
reform the loan forgiveness for
federal loans, and / or revise the
bankruptcy code to make student loans dischargeable to some extent.
Where There is a Way, There May be a Will.;
Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law
Reform; Presenting...; What's New in
Federal Legislation; Rewarding Excellence In Research; Articling Program 2001 - 2002; (3.1 MB) Read more...
What a careful observer notices from monitoring SPC media is that those involved with
reform of discrete areas of Chinese legislation and judicial practice continue (in the pre / post 19th Party Congress era) to look at US
federal / state law (and other foreign law) structures and practices, including: use of mediation in
federal appeals cases;
bankruptcy practice;
reform of Chinese nuclear safety legislation to broaden the scope of information released to the public, that is in specific areas that do not involve basic principles of the Chinese courts.