The process would be much more efficient — and less ethically contentious - if large numbers of dopamine neurons could be grown in the laboratory from a tiny amount
of fetal brain tissue.
ReNeuron developed cells for brain damage by splicing their modified c - myc into
human fetal brain tissue obtained from a U.S. cell bank.
A study published in May
used fetal brain tissue to investigate how the Zika virus gains access to the developing human brain, where it can cause catastrophic birth defects.
She says the impacts are consistent with earlier studies showing that the virus appears to preferentially
infect fetal brain tissue and the placenta.
They zeroed in on three proteins found in the extracellular matrix that surrounds developing cells
in fetal brain tissue.
Neural stem cell lines derived from human
fetal brain tissue achieved the same feats, the researchers report in the October issue of Nature Neuroscience.
At the same time, researchers need to do a more thorough job of analyzing brain organoids to know what's actually in them at different developmental time points, compared with actual
human fetal brain tissue, says UCSF's Kriegstein.
Previous research in rodent disease models has shown that transplanted oligodendrocyte precursor cells derived from embryonic stem cells and from human
fetal brain tissue can successfully create myelin sheaths around nerve cells, sometimes leading to dramatic improvements in symptoms.
Kordower and his colleagues studied a woman who died 14 years after getting grafts of
fetal brain tissue.
This was true in both blood and
fetal brain tissue.
To investigate this question, Fallin and her colleagues started by surveying four different tissue types — blood and cord blood from their own collections, as well as lung and
fetal brain tissue from public collections — to find small variations in the genetic code of each sample that appear to be responsible for DNA methylation state, a type of epigenetic modification, in that particular tissue.