The techniques are so sensitive that they can detect even a few target molecules in
a few micrograms of material, says physical chemist Pascale Richardin, a co-author of the study.
These range from
a few micrograms (e.g. gold, indium, lutetium), or more than a milligram (e.g. zinc, scandium, yttrium, niobium, gadolinium), to more than a gram per day (e.g. phosphorus, iron, sulphur).
Not exact matches
Concentrations in most products were relatively low, but when taking into account the large serving size suggested, the number of
micrograms per day for a
few of the products was high compared with most others tested.
In a typical urban area with a high level of background air pollution — for example, around 15
micrograms of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) per cubic metre, or a nitrogen dioxide concentration around 33
micrograms per cubic metre — an extra 300 trees per square kilometre was associated with around 50
fewer emergency asthma cases per 100,000 residents over the 15 year study period.
A
microgram is one - millionth of a gram; 360
micrograms is about the weight of a
few eyebrow hairs.
Within a
few months, the scientists measured concentrations up to 1,500 - 2,000
micrograms per liter from new sediment.
The
few remaining mercury - containing vaccines contain < 1
microgram.