The success rate of human iPS cell derivation was extremely variable, ranging from 0.01 % to 0.1 % for each individual, confirming the existent variability in capacity to reprogram dermal
fibroblasts from patients of different age and sex.
But initial experiments on human
fibroblasts from three sources — fetal heart cells, embryonic stem cells and neonatal skin cells — revealed that the GMT combination alone was not sufficient.
A combination of markers was used to discriminate
fibroblasts from other cell types to validate the purity of isolated cells and to discriminate NAFs from CAFs.
Dr. King, lead author Mogher Khamaisi, Ph.D., and their colleagues looked at wound healing using
fibroblasts from skin samples gathered from 26 members of the Joslin Medalist cohort (which is made up of people who have lived with type 1 diabetes for many years) with a median age of 79.
This required them to work with
fibroblasts from a genetically modified mouse.
For instance, MEF cells are usually made of
fibroblasts from the mouse embryos at embryonic day 13.5 and only cells at early passages (p2 to p3) are used as feeders for derivation and culture of embryonic stem (ES) and iPS cells.
Lots of very good people have worked on this problem and the principal issue seems to be that fibroblasts glom up any encapsulation device you put in and one has to figure out how to stop
the fibroblasts from essentially covering up the teabag and preventing the exchange of glucose and insulin.
They then isolate
the fibroblasts from skin, none of which were green fluorescent at the outset.
Dr. Rubin said Curis had established a screening assay for SMN levels for a molecular library, first in
fibroblasts from an SMA patient.
They found that
fibroblasts from all of these tissues increased HIV infection.
Findings from Dr. George King's laboratory at Joslin point to novel pathways to treat skin
fibroblasts from diabetes patients to improve wound healing.
The researchers examined mucosal
fibroblasts from the cervix, uterus, foreskin, male urethra, and intestines — all portals of HIV entry.
Many of the same changes also occurred in
the fibroblasts from the progeria patients, a finding that indicates that these individuals are indeed aging abnormally fast, they report in the 31 March Science.
In it are
fibroblasts from Tam and Gelogob, a blind and elderly female rhino in captivity at the Tabin Wildlife Reserve.
This signature showed that a cellular communication network called JNK1 was activated to a greater extent in
fibroblasts from high density breast tissue.
Control mice that received healthy cartilage in both flanks showed little damage, as did mice that received implants of
fibroblasts from patients with osteoarthritis, which does not spread from joint to joint.
In short, this technique involved culturing human
fibroblasts from scar tissues in a petri dish.
During the natural scarring process, collagen proteins (green) in
fibroblasts from a Dupuytren patient crosslink together.
Skin - producing cells called
fibroblasts from the tip of an adult mouse's tail have been reprogrammed to make eggs, Japanese researchers report online October 17 in Nature.
When human orbital
fibroblasts from TED patient tissue were compared to tissue from patients without TED, the researchers discovered that TED orbital fibroblasts expressed higher levels of AHRs than non-TED orbital fibroblasts.
Departing from prior studies, the team collected epithelial cells and
fibroblasts from human sources: one cadaver and four living people who had their healthy voice boxes removed during unrelated surgeries.
The team also tested nanoparticle absorption for other kinds of human cells, including
fibroblasts from donors of older ages and found significant differences.
Ding's team took cells called
fibroblasts from the connective tissues of mouse fetuses and bathed them in a cocktail of the four polyarginine - tagged proteins for 12 hours, then they removed the reprogramming proteins for 36 hours, and repeated this cycle four times over.
Cyclooxygenase - 2 (COX - 2) was highly elevated by capsaicin treatment in tumors and murine embryonic
fibroblasts from TRPV1 / KO mice.
Not exact matches
In a preliminary experiment, the team found that stem cells produced
from fibroblasts of men with Klinefelter syndrome also lost the extra sex chromosome.
The team took small pieces of ear tissue
from XXY and XYY mice, cultured them, and collected connective tissue cells known as
fibroblasts.
Gem loss is a cellular hallmark of
fibroblasts derived
from SMA patients; gem numbers inversely correlate with SMA disease severity.
The production of virus - free iPS cells, albeit
from embryonic
fibroblasts, addresses a critical safety concern for potential use of iPS cells in regenerative medicine.
So Izpisúa Belmonte and his colleagues harvested
fibroblasts, which are far more common than stem cells,
from the skin of people with the bone marrow disease Fanconi anaemia.
Amounts of telomerase RNA increased in immortal cells derived
from primary mouse
fibroblasts.
For these clones, the donor cells were
fibroblasts taken
from fetuses.
Avivi's team has found out that
fibroblast skin cells
from the armpits of the rats can kill human cancer cells in a dish.
The study team removed
fibroblasts (skin cells)
from DBA patients, and in cell cultures, using proteins called transcription factors, reprogrammed the cells into iPSCs.
The research team took skin
fibroblast tissue
from adult mole - rats and reprogrammed the cells to revert to pluripotent stem cells.
In a related paper published online today in Nature Biotechnology, Konrad Hochedlinger of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge and his colleagues compared the gene expression patterns in mouse iPS cells derived
from white blood cells, muscle precursor cells, immune system cells called B cells, and
fibroblasts taken
from tail tips.
Diluted and filtered liquid medium drawn
from the
fibroblast cell culture also killed breast and lung cancer cells.
The researchers transplanted the cardiac
fibroblasts isolated
from the region of calcification under the skin of healthy mice and observed soft - tissue calcification similar to that seen in the donor mice.
The cells types — known as Hofbauer cells, cytotrophoblasts, and
fibroblasts — were obtained
from normal term pregnancies.
One found that a chemical compound caused valve
fibroblasts to become active, similar to what is observed during valve disease, but the other study indicated that the same compound prevented the cells
from calcifying, indicating that a key piece of the valve disease puzzle was missing.
Now Yamanaka and his colleagues report in the journal Cell that the same combination of genes induced pluripotency in commercially available human
fibroblasts (connective tissue cells that play a crucial role in healing) derived
from the facial skin of a 36 - year - old woman, the joint tissue of a man, aged 69, and a newborn, respectively.
Researchers
from the UNC School of Medicine have discovered that cells called
fibroblasts, which normally give rise to scar tissue after a heart attack, can be turned into endothelial cells, which generate blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the injured regions of the heart, thus greatly reducing the damage done following heart attack.
The researchers found that the endothelial cells generated
from fibroblasts actually gave rise to functioning blood vessels.
He says that the extracts
from their
fibroblasts do contain the sticky substance, but that in spalacids it does not seem to play a key role in the animals» natural resistance to cancer or activity against cancer cells in the lab.
As controls,
fibroblasts and secretions
from normal lab rats, mice, and another rodent called the spiny mouse were powerless to stop the human cancer cells growing.
The study carried out at the University of Eastern Finland used the induced pluripotent stem cell technology, which enables the generation of pluripotent stem cells
from human skin
fibroblasts.
Earlier laboratory studies had shown that fetal
fibroblasts, closely related cells
from the fetus, respond to tamoxifen by producing a natural peptide called transforming growth factor beta - 1 (TGF beta - 1).
They also found that when under stress
from chemotherapy, megakaryocytes signaled
fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1), to stimulate the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells.
Specifically, this mutation, which likely occurred very early in evolution after the separation of our group
from that of sea anemones, affected a gene of the Fgfr (
fibroblast growth factor receptors) family.
For the new study, the team used a cell - reprogramming technique (similar to those used to reprogram skin cells into stem cells) to generate human DRG - type sensory neurons
from ordinary skin cells called
fibroblasts.
The conversion rate was lower, but the induced neurons seemed just as much like their natural counterparts as those produced
from embryonic mouse
fibroblasts.