The word
"filamentous" describes something that is long, thin, and thread-like in shape or appearance.
Full definition
Cox obtained a biology degree at the University of Wolverhampton in the United Kingdom and went on to do a biochemical engineering Ph.D. at the University of Birmingham where he measured the growth
of filamentous fungi in solid pastes using image analysis and fluorescence microscopy.
In rabbits, it is well established that exposure to the metal causes the formation of
filamentous structures containing cytoplasmic neurofilament protein which would promote the formation of neurofilibary tangles.
They found that the abundance of Th - 17 cells in the gut is tied to the presence of gut microbes called segmented
filamentous bacteria.
Paleontologist Mark Norell of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and his colleagues report that the 130 - million - year - old specimen represents a dromeosaur covered
with filamentous structures that exhibit a branching pattern unique to feathers.
These lineages share a common ancestor that lived over 400 million years ago, and fossils from this time period show evidence that plants were already forming beneficial relationships with
filamentous microbes.
Mice from one vendor, for example, were notably lacking
segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), a commensal lineage recently shown to help mice produce key antibodies and immune cells in their intestines.
Direct anti-inflammatory effect of a bacterial virulence factor: IL -10-dependent suppression of IL - 12 production
by filamentous haemagglutinin from Bordetella pertussis.
Despite this, with the exception of
filamentous cyanobacteria, microbes have largely been overlooked in monitoring programs».
In the image below, taken with the Swedish Solar Telescope of the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma), the jets are observed in the solar disk
as filamentous structures of short duration and reflected in the spectrum shifted to blue because they are getting close to the Earth.
«We believe that wormlike particles will be a challenge for macrophages to engulf and clear,» DeSimone says, «because
such filamentous objects are known to be difficult for macrophages to reel in.
In essence, Ebola VP40 is assembling on phosphatidylserine - enriched regions of human cells to form the
long filamentous virus particle we are so familiar with seeing.»
Researchers have discovered that the film constructed by assembling a nontoxic
filamentous virus functions as a heat dissipation material, and that can be simply prepared by drying the virus aqueous solution at room temperature.
Besides mushrooms such as truffles or morels, also many yeast and mould fungi, as well as
other filamentous fungi belong to the Ascomycota phylum.
Most biologists have seen dense
filamentous fungal colonies growing on rich nutrient agar plates, but in nature the filaments can be much longer and the colonies less dense.
Pyogranulomatous inflammation with branching nonseptate
filamentous organisms approximately 2 μm in diameter, presumptively fungal organisms, was diagnosed by cytologic evaluation of fine - needle aspirates from several masses.
Particles that are more spherically symmetric can be engulfed in one fell swoop by macrophages, but that is more difficult for such
filamentous particles.»
The sequence is a «big deal» says John Taylor, an evolutionary biologist at the University of California, Berkeley,
because filamentous Ascomycota such as N. crassa are involved in most plant diseases.
Upon mixing with the surface layer, the water will cause an increase in the growth of
filamentous algae and elevate the risk of blue - green algal blooms.
Unlike other bacteria, the streptomycetes grow in
filamentous colonies and develop specialized «tissues» like a multicellular organism does.
Researchers at MedImmune, a Maryland - based biotech company, and at Washington University in St. Louis whipped up two separate vaccine formulations in the hope that at least one would successfully target an «adhesion» molecule called
Filamentous H, or FimH, present on E. coli.
These aberrant morphological changes were accompanied by an abnormal distribution of
intracellular filamentous actin (F - actin).
«In contrast, there was an absence of nurdles — pellets used as a basis for plastic production — and a lower incidence of
plastic filamentous fibers from commercial fishing, such as rope, netting and cord.»
The most distinct trend was a decline in the abundance of large - sized,
filamentous diatoms and an increase in small diatoms.»
«
Ancient filamentous structures should not be accepted as being of biological origin until all possibilities of their nonbiological origin have been exhausted,» Brasier and his coauthors wrote in a report last year.
Diversity of
culturable filamentous Ascomycetes in the eastern South Pacific Ocean off Chile — Jeanett Vera — World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
Published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a new study shows that
aggressive filamentous microbial (fungi - like) pathogens can invade liverworts and that some elements of the liverwort's response are shared with distantly related plants.
The worms are capable of sucking out the sperm following copulation, but some worms have
evolved filamentous structures on the sperm heads help protect against such manipulation by anchoring the sperm inside the antrum.
In
filamentous cells of the bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, the tubulin homolog FtsZ (tagged with CFP) forms dot - like and spiral structures in two distinct populations.
In the late 1960s, he uncovered the importance of charge - charge interaction between protein subunits in the self - assembly of tobacco mosaic virus capsids, and later he elucidated the novel mechanism of protein — DNA charge interaction that governs the assembly of
filamentous bacteriophage virions.
In the bacterium Bacillus subtilis, cooperation between surfactin - producing and matrix - producing cells (artificially colored red and green, respectively, in the image) drives migration over solid surfaces by the formation of
filamentous looped «van Gogh» bundles at the edge of the colony.
Filamentous polymers called microtubules play vital roles in chromosome segregation and molecular transport.
The whipworm is a 45 - 75 mm long parasite with a thick posterior and
thin filamentous end that resembles a whip, ergo the common name «whipworm.»
It seems that the precursors to feathers (sometimes called «
filamentous integumentary appendages») have been found fairly far back in the fossil record and may even predate dinosaurs.
It consists of three major sub-structures inside the cell, which are made up of long,
filamentous proteins: tubulin and actin.
By studying liverworts - which diverged from other land plants early in the history of plant evolution - researchers from the Sainsbury Laboratory at the University of Cambridge have found that the relationship between plants and
filamentous microbes not only dates back millions of years, but that modern plants have maintained this ancient mechanism to accommodate and respond to microbial invaders.
Segmented
filamentous bacteria are indigenous intestinal bacteria that activate intraepithelial lymphocytes and induce MHC class II molecules and fucosyl asialo GM1 glycolipids on the small intestinal epithelial cells in the ex ‐ germ ‐ free mouse
Phrases with «filamentous»