What surprises many scientists is that
their findings against a vaccine connection keep failing to quell the debate, giving the antivaccine movement the potential to become a genuine public - health problem.
Not exact matches
In essence, the HPV
vaccine will continue to be advised
against during pregnancy until more research confirms what this study has
found.
Find out all you need to know about the chicken pox
vaccine, how completely it protects
against chicken pox, and whether it als...
Find out how the MMR
vaccine can protect your child
against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles), and the recommended i...
Find out how the pneumococcal
vaccine protects young kids
against some of the worst childhood diseases, including meningitis an...
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322 Additional subsequent large population case - control trials consistently have
found vaccines to be protective
against SIDS323, — , 325; however, confounding factors (social, maternal, birth, and infant medical history) might account for this protective effect.326 It also has been theorized that the decreased SIDS rate immediately after vaccination was attributable to infants being healthier at time of immunization, or «the healthy vaccinee effect.»
At first he worked on a
vaccine against Chagas disease, but then he noticed some recent
findings made by other researchers in the lab.
Researchers are trying to
find out if a
vaccine against meningitis B, caused by related bacteria, might cause some cross-immunity to gonorrhoea.
Based on their
findings, they urge that «mosquito saliva and enhancing antibodies thus need to be considered when developing
vaccines and drugs
against dengue,» and specifically suggest that «animal models of dengue and pre-clinical validation of dengue
vaccine candidates should be evaluated in the combined presence of mosquito saliva and enhancing antibodies.»
In a preliminary study published in the April Journal of the American Medical Association, the researchers
found that the
vaccine produced by this method protects
against the two strains to which the subjects were exposed and most likely protects
against the third.
This
finding also paves the way for practical applications: the ETH spin - off Malcisbo, which came from the microbiologist's laboratory, endeavours, on the basis of these surface sugar structures to develop novel
vaccines against parasites and pathogenic germs for livestock and humans.
«It was not known whether any of these
vaccines could provide protection against the new outbreak West African Makona strain of Ebola Zaire currently circulating in Guinea,» said John Eldridge, Chief Scientific Officer - Vaccines at Profectus Biosciences, Inc. «Our findings show that our candidate vaccines provided complete, single dose protection from a lethal amount of the Makona strain of Ebola virus
vaccines could provide protection
against the new outbreak West African Makona strain of Ebola Zaire currently circulating in Guinea,» said John Eldridge, Chief Scientific Officer -
Vaccines at Profectus Biosciences, Inc. «Our findings show that our candidate vaccines provided complete, single dose protection from a lethal amount of the Makona strain of Ebola virus
Vaccines at Profectus Biosciences, Inc. «Our
findings show that our candidate
vaccines provided complete, single dose protection from a lethal amount of the Makona strain of Ebola virus
vaccines provided complete, single dose protection from a lethal amount of the Makona strain of Ebola virus.»
Yet there is reason for optimism: the NIH has already developed a DNA
vaccine against the West Nile virus that appeared promising in early human studies (although ultimately the NIH could not
find a commercial partner to take that
vaccine forward).
Remarkably, the researchers also
found that blocking this protein in mice protected them from the lethal effects of dengue virus infection, an important
finding given that an effective
vaccine against dengue has remained elusive, partly because there are four serotypes of the virus that cause disease.
Adjuvanted
vaccines in particular were
found to be more effective in children than in adults
against laboratory confirmed illness (88 per cent in children versus 40 per cent in adults) and hospitalisation (86 per cent in children versus 48 per cent in adults).
She
found that the weakened sporozoites triggered immunity
against malaria instead of the disease, paving the way for a potential
vaccine.
«We
found that the
vaccines produced
against the swine flu pandemic in 2009 were very effective in both preventing influenza infection and reducing the chances of hospital admission due to flu.
«The microgravity environment of the International Space Station is now being used for myriad lines of research, for example:
vaccine development,
finding novel molecular targets
against drug - resistant pathogens, and testing of molecules to be used
against osteoporosis or cancer,» Zea says.
Currently, seasonal flu
vaccines are designed to induce high levels of protective antibodies
against hemagglutinin (HA), a protein
found on the surface of the influenza virus that enables the virus to enter a human cell and initiate infection.
Seoul — Progress in
finding vaccines against the leading killers in the developing world will require greater attention to the needs of those countries, says a group of scientists who are helping to launch the International
Vaccine Institute in Seoul
The researchers, led by Ram Sasisekharan, the Alfred H. Caspary Professor of Biological Engineering at MIT, also
found that current flu
vaccines might not offer protection
against these strains.
An experimental
vaccine against the MERS virus triggers immune protection, a new study
finds.
Foot - and - mouth disease is of great economic importance and their
findings could lead to the development of more effective
vaccines against the disease in the future.
«The
findings from this trial are very encouraging to those of us who have spent many years working on
vaccine candidates to protect
against dengue, a disease that is a significant burden in much of the world and is now endemic in Puerto Rico,» said Stephen Whitehead, Ph.D., of NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).
In a 2011
vaccine trial of patients whose primary pancreatic tumors were surgically removed, «we
found antibodies
against annexin A2 in those who had received the
vaccine and who also had demonstrated long - term, disease - free survival after receiving the
vaccines,» explains Zheng.
In August, Berkley, who
founded and heads the International AIDS
Vaccine Initiative (IAVI), will take over the GAVI Alliance, another public - private partnership focused on
vaccines but with the broader agenda of immunizing children in poor countries
against many diseases.
A
vaccine that protects
against the virus that causes Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) has been shown to be effective in camels, a new study
finds.
A new study
finds that a simple reminder via electronic health record systems may go a long way in encouraging patients to get the HPV
vaccine that protects
against cervical cancer.
«The immune responses are there, the tough call is whether they're enough to protect humans
against Ebola, and I guess we'll
find that out in the phase 3 trial,» says Adrian Hill, director of the Jenner Institute in Oxford, UK, who is leading a small safety trial of the monovalent NIAID / GSK
vaccine.
Reported in the January 16, 2015 issue of the journal Science, the new
findings provide a cautionary tale for the development of
vaccines aimed at eliciting robust CD4 T cell immunity
against chronic infections, including HIV.
The researchers»
find means that current diagnostic methods,
vaccines, and other treatment interventions should remain effective
against the virus.
The
finding is exciting «because it suggests that the seasonal flu
vaccine boosts antibody responses and may provide some measure of protection
against a new pandemic strain that could emerge from the avian population,» said senior study author Paul G. Thomas, PhD, an Associate Member in the Department of Immunology at St. Jude.
The work, directed by researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn.,
found that some study participants who reported receiving flu
vaccines had a strong immune response not only
against the seasonal H3N2 flu strain from 2010, when blood samples were collected for analysis, but also
against flu subtypes never included in any
vaccine formulation.
They also suggest their
findings point to the possibility of combining protective antibodies with an eventual
vaccine, which could synergistically provide more a robust level of protection
against Zika.
Moreover, they
found that distinct HA mutations are evolving in the H7N9 virus indicating that currently recommended H7
vaccines would not be effective
against this newly emerged virus.
That
finding supports the idea that the measles
vaccine benefits children not just because it prevents them from getting measles, but also because it provides protection
against the other diseases.
«Right now, there is no
vaccine to protect
against the H7N9 virus, and our
findings could guide efforts to develop effective
vaccine strategies,» Sasisekharan says.
The latest data from a large clinical trial of Merck's cervical cancer
vaccine, Gardasil,
found it offered 100 % protection
against cervical, vulval and vaginal diseases, caused by HPV (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) and 98 % protection
against advanced pre-cancers caused by HPV types 16 and 18 (New England Journal of Medicine: vol 356, p1915).
Most other
vaccine trials have tried to use the malaria parasite — rather than the body's reaction
against it — to
find possible targets for
vaccines.
The researchers
found that the personal
vaccine induced a focused T cell response
against several tumor neoantigens, beyond what is normally seen in response to existing immunotherapies.
Crafting a
vaccine against RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) has been a minefield for 50 years, but scientists believe they have
found the right balance.
It was
founded in November 2005 to develop innovative
vaccines against major global diseases.
But Balin says that attempts to create
vaccines against strains of herpes and chlamydia
found in the brains of Alzheimer's patients have proven difficult, and there's nothing currently on the horizon.
Discrimination
against entire subgroups could also occur if, for example, genetic variants were
found to correlate with a more favorable
vaccine or treatment response, but only in certain ethnic groups; also, drug development might focus on these «more responsive subgroups.
«In the future, [the
findings] could apply to
vaccines that we hope will be developed
against generally lethal viruses (e.g. HIV, Ebola), encouraging scientists to strive towards «perfect
vaccines» for them,» Michael Skinner, a virologist from Imperial College London who wasn't part of the study, told the Science Media Centre.
'» In all patients who were vaccinated, his team
found tumor - targeting T cells, and he noted that in addition to augmenting pre-existing T cell responses, the
vaccine also stimulated new T cell responses
against tumors.
The
findings are published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and provide the foundation for future antiviral drug and
vaccine development
against the virus, rhinovirus C.
«We're highly encouraged by these preclinical
findings demonstrating the ability of our mRNA
vaccine to provide robust prevention of maternal transmission of Zika and protection
against congenital defects,» said Giuseppe Ciaramella, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of Moderna's infectious disease - focused venture, Valera, and an author on the paper.
The study relates to a particular type of
vaccine (killed)
against a particular virus, influenza, though the
findings might hold true for other killed
vaccines and for those
vaccines consisting only of proteins produced by GM in bacteria, yeast or insect cells,
against diseases such as hepatitis B (HBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV, the causative agent of cervical cancer).