Sentences with phrase «first cell nucleus»

20 We are family: Scientists suspect that a large DNA - based virus took up residence inside a bacterial cell more than a billion years ago to create the first cell nucleus.

Not exact matches

First, an adult cell would be removed from a patient and the DNA of that cell altered to control and direct the types of gene expression the nucleus is capable of supporting.

And when the first cell formed, how did the molecules randomly form all of the different parts of the cell like the nucleus and everything else?

Biochemist Radhey Gupta of McMaster University in Canada proposes that a bacterium and an archaean fused to form the first eukaryote, based on his analysis of a pair of slow - changing genes found in what may be one of the oldest cells with a nucleus, Giardia lamblia.

The larger organelles, such as the nucleus and vacuoles, are easily visible with moderate magnification (although sometimes a clear view requires the application of chemicals that selectively stain parts of the cells); they were among the first biological discoveries made after the invention of the microscope.

The latest such roster — 271 proteins identified in a compartment of the cell nucleus called the nucleolus — is a first step toward fully deciphering this organelle, a critical element in the construction of ribosomes, which build proteins.

To tally the proteins, the largest ever reported for a single organelle, cell biologists Angus Lamond of Scotland's University of Dundee, Matthias Mann of the University of Southern Denmark in Odense, and their colleagues first separated the nucleolus from its gelatinous home in the nucleus.

This is the first eukaryote — organisms, like plants and animals, whose cells contain distinct nuclei — found without the machinery of mitochondria.

In 1957, developmental biologists first discovered that they could insert the nucleus of adult frog cells into frog eggs and create dozens of genetically identical tadpoles.

It is the first synthetic chromosome ever assembled from a eukaryotic organism, the type in which cells store DNA in nuclei.

Previous research by Burger and Stefan Oline — a former Ph.D. candidate at Lehigh, now a postdoctoral fellow at New York University Medical School — demonstrated for the first time that synaptic inputs — the messages being sent between cells — are distinct across frequencies and that these different impulse patterns are «mapped» onto the cells of the cochlear nucleus.

They then replaced one of a living yeast cell's natural chromosomes with it — the first time this had been done in more complex cells with a nucleus.

When they tracked the cells» axons from the eye into the brain, they saw that many of them terminated in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), the first relay station in the brain for visual information.

In the first cell cycle after fertilization the maternal genome inherited from the oocyte (egg) and the paternal genome provided by sperm exist as separate nuclei in the zygote.

The instructions for the synthesis of proteins are stored in the DNA in the cell nucleus, are first «transcribed» into mRNAs, and exported from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm.

The first step was to insert an artificial chromosome containing the cumbersome human antibody gene into the nucleus of a cow cell.

The new finding brings a measure of closure to a story that first rocked the science world in February 2004, when Hwang and colleagues at Seoul National University announced they had cloned a female donor's cell by transferring its nucleus into one of her egg cells stripped of its nucleus in a procedure known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and harvested embryonic stem cells from the resulting fusion.

Now, scientists at the Salk Institute and the University of California, San Diego, have for the first time provided an unprecedented view of the 3D structure of human chromatin — the combination of DNA and proteins — in the nucleus of living human cells.

Scientists have determined the first 3D structures of intact mammalian genomes from individual cells, showing how the DNA from all the chromosomes intricately folds to fit together inside the cell nuclei.

The first mechanism can be discounted because it would require very large amounts of genetic information — much more than could be encoded in the entire complement of DNA in the cell nucleus of each neuron.

This is the first time to visualize the real time event of asymmetric cell division, and we were able to see other events such as cell elongation of the zygote and migration of the nucleus.»

In 1996 researchers in Scotland used SCNT to transplant the nucleus of an adult sheep cell into an enucleated sheep egg, producing Dolly, the first cloned mammal.

In the early 1950s, Robert Briggs and Thomas King repeated Spemann's experiments using a species of leopard frog, Rana pipiens, first with a nucleus from young embryos (Briggs and King, 1952) then from older embryos (King and Briggs, 1954); both the younger and older implanted nuclei could still be reprogrammed by the enucleated host cell.

This landmark revelation was the first definition of an entire cellular signaling pathway from the cell surface to the nucleus, providing an important paradigm for understanding intracellular signaling.

When actin was first discovered in the cell's nucleus several decades ago, it was dismissed as a contaminant.

While cloning has been deemed virtually impossible for many reasons, a team of researchers based at Texas A&M University were able to successfully complete the first step towards cloning: the removal of the egg cell's nucleus (enucleation) 1.

A seventh paper provides a first look at the three - dimensional structures of synthetic chromosomes in the cell nucleus.

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Working in the dim light of an abandoned laboratory, a trainee technician with trembling hands embeds the DNA of a captured alien inside the nucleus of a cell extracted from the professor's own brain, and the first of a squadron of Square Avengers is spawned.