Sentences with phrase «flies with genes»

To do this, they used specially bred flies with genes that could be turned off in groups of nerve cells at high temperature.

He immediately joined the laboratory of Kenneth Burtis, identifying DNA - repair enzymes by crossing flies with genes knocked out.

Not exact matches

The system had come full circle: in flies, whose clocks are the best understood, the CLOCK protein — in combination with a protein encoded by a gene called cycle — binds to and activates the per and tim genes, but only if no PER and TIM proteins are present in the nucleus.

Together with Christian Schlötterer, the Head of the Institute, and other colleagues, Nicola Palmieri investigated the genes in a European species of fruit fly (Drosophila pseudoobscura).

These four genes and their proteins constitute the heart of the biological clock in flies, and with some modifications they appear to form a mechanism governing circadian rhythms throughout the animal kingdom, from fish to frogs, mice to humans.

So they engineered fruit flies» genes to enhance or repress the activity of Rac in their brains and taught them to associate a smell with an electric shock.

Besides the gene's association with Alzheimer's, Wu found that flies with the Sod1 mutation were more receptive to social cues than flies with other age - accelerating mutations were.

Fruit flies with the mutant form of LRRK2 also had a disrupted microRNA pathway associated with the gene, and accumulated toxic proteins that killed motor - coordinating neurons in the brain.

As the young Levitan found out in lab experiments, certain of these gene packs, called 2L - 1 and 3R - 1, help the flies cope better with high temperatures.

Studying three groups of flies, the scientists interfered with their ability to remember by disabling a different critical memory gene in each group.

Dr Elliott said: «The treatment of fruit flies carrying the faulty LRRK2 gene with UDCA showed a profound rescue of dopaminergic signalling.

A broken yellow gene jaundices the flies, which are normally tan with dark stripes.

The team created flies with a type of RNA that silenced certain genes.

In both groups, 30 per cent of flies died, with specific defects showing that the silenced genes controlled mainly early - stage development.

«But fruit flies have all their histone genes in one place on the chromosome; this makes it feasible to delete the normal genes and replace them with designer genes.»

With their new fruit fly research model, the UNC researchers altered the histone gene so that this particular enzyme could not modify its histone protein target.

Prof. Hasan's work used Drosophila flies with mutated Orai genes that prevented normal operation of the SOCE process.

They found that one group of flies, with a mutation in the gene they would later call Wide Awake (or Wake for short), had trouble falling asleep at night, a malady that looked a lot like sleep - onset insomnia in humans.

A forward genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies) identified mutant copies, or alleles, of a gene called cacophony associated with defects in autophagy and cellular homeostasis.

This longstanding testbed for embryologists actually has more genes in common with us than worms or fruit flies do.

It did not begin to seriously discuss the risks associated with using the approach to engineer genes that could quickly spread through wild populations — known as gene drives — until after experiments demonstrating the concept in fruit flies had been published in a peer - reviewed journal (V. M. Gantz & E. Bier Science 348,442 — 444; 2015).

«Given the similarities in the molecules and the mechanisms involved in limb development in vertebrates and invertebrates, the fly is a very useful genetic model in which to identify new genes that potentially participate in limb development in vertebrates and their possible association with congenital diseases,» says Ana Ferreira, who has participated in the study.

Dr Bruce added: «The next stage would be to put the fly gene into the grasses, like we have done with the other RDX degrading genes.

By studying bizarre mutants such as flies with legs in place of antennae, we have identified many of the genes involved in development.

They mutated flies with P elements, little bits of DNA that jump around the fly's genome, inactivating genes.

The reason, reported in today's Science, is that fruit flies with a mutated methuselah gene live up to 35 % longer than normal fruit flies.

Scientists have found that, in fruit flies, a gene called Dscam comes in 38,000 flavors, enough to endow specific groups of neurons, even individual cells, with a unique identity.

The genome shares about 60 % of its genes with the other invertebrates completely sequenced, such as the nematode and fruit fly, whereas about 5 % match sequences found only — up to now, at least — in the human, mouse, and puffer fish genomes.

With two altered copies of the gene, flies live only about 20 % longer than the norm, the researchers report in the 15 December issue of Science.

An accidental escape hinted at what those scents might be good for: «When returning to the lab after a weekend, I found that a flask with a smelly yeast culture was infested by fruit flies that had escaped from a neighboring genetics lab, whereas another flask that contained a mutant yeast strain in which the aroma gene was deleted did not contain any flies,» Verstrepen recalls.

But by 1993, researchers had sequenced only a few dozen genes from fruit flies and humans, and neither lin - 14 nor lin - 4 matched up with any of them.

The paper published online this month in Genetics examines a «foraging gene» humans share in common with the flies, which plays multiple roles and is found in similar places, such as the nervous system, in the muscle and in fat.

In nature, fruit flies called «rovers» with high amounts of the gene tend to move a lot, eat very little and stay lean, while flies with low amounts of for called «sitters» are the opposite.

Using experiments with fruit fly eggs, the team saw that Oskar binds to RNA within the cell — specifically three RNAs derived from genes also known to be important to germline development.

As a result, flies with these selfish genes produce mostly XX - offspring — daughters, that is.

A team of biologists led by Gerald Wilkinson of the University of Maryland, University Park, studied a type of Malaysian fly, called Cyrtodiopsis, with a strange genetic battle being waged inside its body: To perpetuate themselves, genes on the fly's X chromosome code for proteins that kill sperm carrying a Y chromosome.

To see how courting is affected when neurons are hyperactivated, they used flies with a version of a gene that was stuck in the «on» state in clumps of nerve cells.

But flies with mutations in the circadian clock genes called period, clock, cycle, and doubletime never became habituated to the drug, even after repeated exposures.

Several dozen genes were expressed differently in the superaggressive flies, compared to controls, but flies with mutations in one gene called Cyp6a20 were especially combative.

The scientists sifted through the collection looking for mutant flies with walking impairments and soon zeroed in on several impaired walkers that turned out to have mutations in the same gene.

Further, by knocking out certain genes associated with memory, the researchers could change a fly's sleep requirements.

In the study, Spradling, with colleagues Michael Buszczak and Shelley Paterno, determined that the fruit fly gene scrawny (so named because of the appearance of mutant adult flies) modifies a specific chromosomal protein, histone H2B, used by cells to package DNA into chromosomes.

By 2008, when Moir stumbled on the parallels between amyloid - beta and LL - 37, Tanzi had discovered additional genes associated with Alzheimer's that were also related to innate immunity, the part of the human immune system that is shared with worms, flies, spiders and other primitive creatures.

In a study published January in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution, Gibbs and his team compared the DNA of the fat fruit flies to a control group in the lab and found nearly 400 candidate genes potentially associated with obesity and other health problems.

Fruit fly genes overlap with humans by about 70 percent.

The study, published in Human Molecular Genetics, has shown that the majority of genes associated with Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) in humans are also pivotal in Drosophila renal function, validating transgenic flies as accurate pre-clinical models.

Another discovery in D. melanogaster, said Shah, is that neurons in the fly's brain, expressing male - specific versions of the gene known as fruitless, «seem to connect up with these Gr32 - sensing neurons on the foreleg.

«85 % of these genes are required for nephrocyte function, suggesting that a majority of human genes known to be associated with NS play conserved roles in renal function from flies to humans,» said Zhe Han, Ph.D., senior author of the paper and Associate Professor at the Centre for Cancer and Immunology Research at Children's National.

A comparison with other organisms reveals that a unicellular protozoan, a nematode worm, and a fly develop and function with 12,000 - 14,000 genes (Table 1).

In order to study the function of this two million - year - old gene, Hongzheng Dai and Ying Chen — former graduate students in Long's lab and first authors of this study — created flies with a suppressed version of the sphinx gene, which is expressed in male reproductive glands.