In the study, Spradling, with colleagues Michael Buszczak and Shelley Paterno, determined that the fruit
fly gene scrawny (so named because of the appearance of mutant adult flies) modifies a specific chromosomal protein, histone H2B, used by cells to package DNA into chromosomes.
While the
scrawny gene has so far only been identified in fruit
flies, very similar
genes that may carry out the same function are known to be present in all multicellular organisms, including humans.