But swapping
the fly version of the gene into these mutant mice corrects most of those abnormalities.
«When we say the foraging gene is the same, what we're saying is that when you look at the DNA sequences of the human and the fly there is a lot of similarity, enough that you can see it's
the fly version of the gene that the human has,» says Sokolowski.
Not exact matches
The less adept mice, Rubin's team found, carry extra copies
of a previously known human
gene called DYRK; a mutated
version of an almost identical
gene in fruit
flies, called minibrain, causes neurological defects.
When we took the mouse
version of this
gene — the same
gene we find in the human — and put it in the
fly and tweaked it, we induced
fly eye tissue.
When the scientists looked for the human
version of the newly identified
fly marker for sleep deprivation, they found ITGA5 and realized it hadn't been among the human immune
genes they screened at the start
of the study.
Knocking down the expression
of either the fruit
fly version of the FOXD1
gene or the fruit
fly version of ALDH1A3 blocks the formation
of brain tumors in a brain cancer model
of the fruit
fly species Drosophila melanogaster, the researchers found.
To see how courting is affected when neurons are hyperactivated, they used
flies with a
version of a
gene that was stuck in the «on» state in clumps
of nerve cells.
In 2000, behavioral geneticist Ulrike Heberlein
of the University
of California, San Francisco, found that mutations in a fruit
fly gene that disrupts the synthesis
of their
version of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline dampen a fruit
fly's ability to acquire tolerance to ethanol.
Cook and his colleagues were even able to restore some normal walking ability to stum - mutant
flies by adding the mouse
version of the stum
gene.
Another discovery in D. melanogaster, said Shah, is that neurons in the
fly's brain, expressing male - specific
versions of the
gene known as fruitless, «seem to connect up with these Gr32 - sensing neurons on the foreleg.
«To hone in on functional conservation, we focused on Cindr, the
fly's
version of the human NS
gene, CD2AP.
In order to study the function
of this two million - year - old
gene, Hongzheng Dai and Ying Chen — former graduate students in Long's lab and first authors
of this study — created
flies with a suppressed
version of the sphinx
gene, which is expressed in male reproductive glands.