In repeated RCTs with samples ranging from clinically referred middle - class preschoolers to low - income Head Start preschoolers at risk for psychosocial adjustment, significant improvements have repeatedly been found one to two years
following the intervention in promoting children's prosocial adjustment and reducing children's problem behaviours.
In repeated RCTs with samples ranging from clinically referred middle - class preschoolers to low - income Head Start preschoolers at risk for psychosocial adjustment, significant improvements have repeatedly been found one to two years
following the intervention in promoting children's prosocial adjustment and reducing children's problem behaviours.
Not exact matches
Tech companies have long resisted outside
intervention in how their sites should be policed, but have come under increasing pressure from Western governments to do more to remove extremist content
following a wave of militant attacks.
The
following social democratic successor, George Papandreou, was then accused of claiming the deficit was higher than it really was
in order to prompt the
intervention of the troika, the tripartite body composed of the European Commission, European Central Bank, and International Monetary Fund.
From mid March, as
intervention was wound back, the yen rose for a time but it could not sustain the upward momentum
in April
in the face of the broad - based rise of the US dollar
following the stronger - than - expected US economic data.
The chart also shows that the ramping - up of the Fed's monetary
interventions in 2008 - 2009 has been
followed by the weakest post-recession recovery
in at least 70 years.
As an example of how long - term shifts
in monetary inflation /
intervention can be linked to long - term shifts
in economic progress I present the
following chart of the US Industrial Production Index.
In 1978, the «Second Cold War» gets tougher following the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan and the decision taken by the United States to install a new nuclear missile generation (cruise missiles, Pershing II) in Western Europ
In 1978, the «Second Cold War» gets tougher
following the Soviet
intervention in Afghanistan and the decision taken by the United States to install a new nuclear missile generation (cruise missiles, Pershing II) in Western Europ
in Afghanistan and the decision taken by the United States to install a new nuclear missile generation (cruise missiles, Pershing II)
in Western Europ
in Western Europe.
However, the mystery of the Cross tells us that
in God's Wisdom, which is the ultimate wisdom, evil and suffering are conquered
in a way that goes against our natural instincts and expectations - not by miraculous
intervention, but by humble acceptance; or at least, that the miraculous triumph
follows on from sacrifice rather than preceding it.
Cycles of rapid expansion
in economic production are likely to be
followed by downturns conditioned by slackening demand; the costs of acquiring and protecting new markets through diplomatic deals and military
intervention eventually outweigh the gains to be had from these markets; dominant countries gradually lose their hegemonic power; and the whole system becomes subject to the strains of realignment as new countries or new modes of production rise to prominence.
Without the emergency
intervention that
followed, the baby would have suffocated
in the birth canal
in which he was trapped and I would have bled to death, which would at least have killed me within hours rather than over several excruciatingly painful days
in the case of the obstructed labour.
«The promptness of the German authorities»
intervention following our complaint - points out the President of the Consortium, Nicola Bertinelli - is related to the fact that, after years of legal action, we obtained European Union legislation that leaves no room for doubt regarding protection, and which also includes the obligation of «ex officio» PDO protection
in all EU member states, which have direct responsibility
in terms of vigilance.»
The study divided sufferers of type 2 diabetes into two groups, with one group
following an
intervention diet consisting of several high - fibre foods, such as wholegrains and Chinese medicinal foods that are high
in fibre and prebiotics.
Implementation of this
intervention may contribute to the achievement of the
following targets: Global nutrition targets Target 1: 40 % reduction
in the number of children under - 5 who are stunted Target 4: No increase
in childhood overweight Global NCD targets Target 7: Halt the rise
in diabetes and obesity
The educational sessions were internally developed by the authors using standard texts and review articles, with additional input from local lactation consultants and pediatrician colleagues.1, 2,10 — 14 Residents were assigned standard review articles and other readings before and during the
intervention to facilitate their participation
in the activities.1, 10 — 14 The series was structured as
follows:
Most health care practitioners have positive views about breastfeeding but report inadequate knowledge and desire additional training about lactation management.15 — 18 Studies have suggested that small, interactive workshops can increase the knowledge of general practitioners about breastfeeding.19 — 21
In this study, resident knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding showed a modest increase
following the
intervention.
Delays
in following the best
interventions often result
in parents not meeting their breastfeeding goals and babies missing out on optimal breastfeeding.
The Scandinavian countries and the Netherlands, which did not
follow the trend towards steep increases
in caesarean sections during the 1990s, 9 have a tradition of perceiving birth above all as a normal physiological process and of valuing low
intervention rates.
This may be the exception as opposed to the rule but, nonetheless, Rutter (1998), has found that developmental catch up
following adoption after severe global privation will,
in fact, occur
in the younger child as long as families remain involved and provide developmental - psychological
interventions.
It's definitely worth considering if a simple
intervention, such as a cardboard box that doubles as a safe sleeping environment, could help
in the U.S. And with the newest recommendations saying that parents should room - share, but not share a bed, with their babies, a baby box makes
following the guidelines very practical.
Out - of - hospital births were also associated with a higher rate of unassisted vaginal delivery and lower rates of obstetrical
interventions and NICU admission than
in - hospital births, findings that corroborate the results of earlier studies.3 - 5 These associations
follow logically from the more conservative approach to
intervention that characterizes the midwifery model of care8, 19 and from the fact that obstetrical
interventions are either rare (e.g., induction of labor) 20 or unavailable (e.g., cesarean delivery, whether at home or at a birth center) outside the hospital setting.
A full description of PROBIT's design and methods has been published elsewhere.17
In brief, 31 maternity hospitals and their affiliated polyclinics (where children are followed for routine health care) were randomized either to receive a breastfeeding promotion intervention modelled on the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding of the WHO / UNICEF Baby - Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) or to continue the maternity hospital and polyclinic practices in effect at the time of randomizatio
In brief, 31 maternity hospitals and their affiliated polyclinics (where children are
followed for routine health care) were randomized either to receive a breastfeeding promotion
intervention modelled on the 10 steps to successful breastfeeding of the WHO / UNICEF Baby - Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) or to continue the maternity hospital and polyclinic practices
in effect at the time of randomizatio
in effect at the time of randomization.
Our
intervention to promote the exclusivity and duration of breastfeeding
following the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative of the WHO was provided to all mothers
in hospitals and affiliated polyclinics randomly selected for the
intervention, irrespective of their education.
The increased socioeconomic inequalities
in breastfeeding observed
in the
intervention group supports the argument that population
intervention strategies could inadvertently exacerbate, rather than mitigate, socioeconomic inequalities, particularly when the
intervention aims to change individual behaviours rather than targeting «upstream» structural changes.25 Our results are also compatible with an observational study from Brazil reporting that breastfeeding rates increased first among the socioeconomically better - off,
followed by increases among the poor, over a 20 - year period of active breastfeeding promotion campaigns
in Brazil.26
One randomized controlled trial comparing home - visited families with control participants who received other community services found a statistically significant difference
in mean depressive symptoms at two years post-enrollment, but this contrast was nonsignificant at three years post - enrollment.15 A second study of Early Head Start found no differences
in depressive symptoms between
intervention and control group participants post-
intervention, although a difference was detected at a longer - term
follow - up prior to children's enrollment
in kindergarten.10 Other randomized controlled trial studies have not found effects of home visitation on maternal depressive symptoms.12, 16,17
Twins
Intervention (TI group): take part in the Wechat [counselling intervention] of breastfeeding; Twins Control (TC group): follow up through te
Intervention (TI group): take part
in the Wechat [counselling
intervention] of breastfeeding; Twins Control (TC group): follow up through te
intervention] of breastfeeding; Twins Control (TC group):
follow up through telephone call
The analysis of the socio - demographic, prenatal and natal parameters of mothers and newborns
in the
intervention group and control group (Table 1) did not reveal any statistically significant differences
in terms of age, living area, education level, mother's profession, number of children, medical
follow - up, number of prenatal visits, Apgar score and birth weight.
Afterwards, the women received an educational booklet on the
intervention,
in Arabic and French, containing illustrations and information on: the benefits of breast milk, the importance of skin - to - skin contact immediately after birth, the importance of early breastfeeding and giving colostrum to the baby, the criteria of good positioning for corrective breast - taking, the signs of effective suckling, the signs of effective breastfeeding for the first six months, on - demand breastfeeding and its daily frequency, breastfeeding accessories, techniques for collecting and storing breast milk, and questions and answers about different maternal concerns (depression, hygiene, nipple pain, quantity of milk produced, duration and number of feedings, mixed feeding, diet to be
followed during breastfeeding, mothers» illness and breastfeeding, weaning of the baby, etc..)
In order to study all aspects related to the topic, we used a reference questionnaire prepared by nutrition and breastfeeding experts, which had been tested, modified and validated two months before our research team1 started the study (following a pilot study conducted on 20 women to determine whether the questions were clear and understandable), and then administered in a standardized fashion to women in both groups (intervention group and control group
In order to study all aspects related to the topic, we used a reference questionnaire prepared by nutrition and breastfeeding experts, which had been tested, modified and validated two months before our research team1 started the study (
following a pilot study conducted on 20 women to determine whether the questions were clear and understandable), and then administered
in a standardized fashion to women in both groups (intervention group and control group
in a standardized fashion to women
in both groups (intervention group and control group
in both groups (
intervention group and control group).
Intervention: pregnant women «were asked
in the antenatal period to identify a close female confidante who could support them to breastfeed
following the birth of their babies».
Implementation of this
intervention may contribute to the achievement of the
following targets: Global nutrition targets Target 1: 40 % reduction
in the number of children under - 5 who are stunted Target 4: No increase
in childhood overweight Target 5: Increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding
in first 6 months up to at least 50 % Global NCD targets Target 7: Halt the rise
in diabetes and obesity
Overall, 372 (178 from the control group, and 194 from the
intervention group) of the 500 women surveyed could be
followed and answered all of our telephone calls during the second stage of our survey (Table 3); that is, a participation rate of 74.4 %
in the overall population and a rate of 71.2 % and 77 %
in the control group and
intervention group, respectively, and the rest of women were lost sight of.
For instance, the study of Mattar et al. revealed a marginal increase
in EB at six months after delivery among the group which received a prenatal educational
intervention highlighting the benefits as well as the management of breastfeeding issues as the main content of the educational material (booklet), video, coaching session and counselling, compared to the group receiving only the booklet and the video, and the one recipient of only routine prenatal care, concluding that that educational material alone
in the prenatal period is not enough and that specific prenatal education that addresses breastfeeding
following a single meeting through counselling can significantly improve
The
following is a narrative description of the data on the effects of
interventions for women with multiples
in Paul 2012 and Reeder 2014.
These findings
follow earlier research by Janssen that demonstrated that planned home births resulted
in fewer
interventions and similar rates of adverse newborn outcomes compared to planned hospital births among women who met the criteria for home births.
Gentle Birth employs wellness promotion, integrative health care modalities, and responsiveness to the unique physiology unfolding
in the mother and baby
in all aspects of perinatal care, and
follows the dictum, «First, Do No Harm» when considering any
intervention.
Distribution of
followed breastfeeding women according to exclusive breastfeeding practice over time
in the control and
intervention groups.
The analysis of Table 3, representing the distribution of breastfeeding women
followed according to the practice of EB over time
in the two groups, showed that the continuation of EB until the age of 6 months was significantly high among mothers
in the
intervention group compared to the control group (55.2 % against 38.8 %, p = 0.002).
Implementation of this
intervention may contribute to the achievement of the
following targets: Global nutrition targets Target 1: 40 % reduction
in the number of children under - 5 who are stunted Target 4: No increase
in childhood overweight Global NCD targets Target 7: Halt the rise
in diabetes and obesity
This plan may include regular check - ups at our clinics,
follow - up imaging and
in some cases, possible additional
interventions.
For newborns who had any spitting up
in the first 24 hours after birth, the
following information was added: time of the event, the newborn's position during the event, wake or sleep state, estimated amount of regurgitation, color changes (duskiness, redness, or cyanosis) and
intervention (if any) required (ie, stimulation, «blow - by» oxygen, suction)(Table 1).
(the increase was noticed
in the 12 days
following the
intervention, data beyond that is not available).
To evaluate the current status of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of breastfeeding
interventions targeting minorities, we conducted PubMed searches
in February 2011 using «breastfeeding» and «randomized trial» along with each of the
following descriptors: Latina, Latino, Hispanic, black, African American, Asian, Native American, First Nation, Indian, minority, and low income.
In reporting their perinatal statistics, the National Maternity Hospital in Dublin, Ireland, where active management originated, defines labor as normal even when it includes one or more of the following invasive interventions: amniotomy, induction, augmentation, epidural block, and / or eplsiotom
In reporting their perinatal statistics, the National Maternity Hospital
in Dublin, Ireland, where active management originated, defines labor as normal even when it includes one or more of the following invasive interventions: amniotomy, induction, augmentation, epidural block, and / or eplsiotom
in Dublin, Ireland, where active management originated, defines labor as normal even when it includes one or more of the
following invasive
interventions: amniotomy, induction, augmentation, epidural block, and / or eplsiotomy.
Screening, random assignment, and
follow - up of the study participants
in the Swedish dietary and exercise behavior - modification
intervention trial
in lactating overweight and obese women.
A total of 876 women were
followed up
in the 3 study groups:
Intervention 1 (285 women),
Intervention 2 (294 women) and Control (297 women).
According to flow chart no clusters discontinued the
intervention or were lost to
follow - up and there was
follow - up of national data
in all localities included
in the trial.
Follow - up
in both
intervention and control groups was 74.2 %.
Implementation of this
intervention may contribute to the achievement of the
following targets: Global nutrition targets Target 4: No increase
in childhood overweight Target 5: Increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding
in first 6 months up to at least 50 % Global NCD targets Target 7: Halt the rise
in diabetes and obesity
More than 95 per cent of infants
in a large maternity unit
in Costa Rica have successfully started breastfeeding
following interventions carried out after 1977, compared to the situation before
in which 20 per cent of infants were not breastfed at all.