For the past 3 months, faculty and staff members at the University of Pennsylvania's Institute
for Human Gene Therapy have been trying to understand why a relatively fit 18 - year - old with an inherited enzyme deficiency died on 17 September, 4 days after doctors at Penn injected a genetically altered virus into his liver.
The FDA has also issued warning letters — a less severe sanction — to two of Wilson's collaborators in the study — Steven Raper of the Institute
for Human Gene Therapy and Mark Batshaw of Children's National Medical Center in Washington, D.C.
↵ * Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering and Institute
for Human Gene Therapy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
A virus that has shown promise as a vector
for human gene therapy causes liver tumors in neonatal mice.
The Food and Drug Administration immediately terminated all gene therapy trials there, and the incident prompted federal regulators to establish new rules
for human gene therapy research.
These allusions to the past aren't surprising considering how drastically the clinical trial changed gene therapy and, in particular, the career of James M. Wilson, the medical geneticist who headed Penn's Institute
for Human Gene Therapy, where the test took place.
Not exact matches
Katherine High, Spark's president and chief scientific officer, expressed her enthusiasm
for the early clinical data related to SPK - 8011: «The encouraging start of our SPK - 8011 clinical trial reinforces the strength of our
gene therapy platform, delivers
human proof - of - concept in a second liver - mediated disease — a significant achievement in the
gene therapy field — and positions us well to potentially transform the current treatment approach
for this life - altering disease with a one - time intervention.»
The principles that have emerged thus far are these: We should seek new knowledge of our
genes (and we can say this without deciding whether the
Human Genome Initiative is the wisest and most cost - effective way to do so) We should seek
therapies for the genetic disorders that afflict many people.
Gene therapy delivered to a specific part of the brain reverses symptoms of depression in a mouse model of the disease — potentially laying the groundwork
for a new approach to treating severe cases of
human depression in which drugs are ineffective.
Although
gene therapy research has made great strides in recent years, it has yet to be widely deployed, and no CRISPR - edited
genes have yet been tested
for safety or efficacy in
human clinical trials.
These
human genes were also protective against alpha - synuclein - induced death, suggesting that they could be worth testing as
gene therapy treatments
for Parkinson's disease, Lu says.
This study represents a significant step towards the development of clinical trials in
gene therapy for the curative treatment of hereditary deafness and balance loss in
humans.
Human testing is years away, but gene therapy has already become a controversy in professional and amateur sports, where steroids, human growth hormone, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem for y
Human testing is years away, but
gene therapy has already become a controversy in professional and amateur sports, where steroids,
human growth hormone, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem for y
human growth hormone, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem
for years.
A team of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine has used a
gene - editing tool known as CRISPR to repair the
gene that causes sickle cell disease in
human stem cells, which they say is a key step toward developing a
gene therapy for the disorder.
More and more, Sweeney says, the immune system is proving to be the most difficult hurdle in developing
gene therapy for humans.
Human trials are even costlier, so
for now, Sweeney says, IGF - 1 and myostatin
gene therapies remain on the distant horizon.
No cases of severe pancreatitis and only one admission to the intensive care unit
for an LPLD - related abdominal event were reported in the study published in
Human Gene Therapy.
«If this approach works in
humans, it will really change the conversation that providers have with patients,» Scadden said, especially
for those «who have these underlying genetic disorders and
for who the new
gene - editing and
gene therapy techniques are being developed.»
For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disea
For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into
human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the
gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative
therapy»
for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disea
for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.
Regulators in the US could soon be asked to approve a
human trial of
gene therapy for cystic fibrosis that uses a hybrid of the HIV and Ebola viruses.
AAV1 is considered safe as a viral vector and is already in use in
human gene therapy trials
for blindness, heart disease, muscular dystrophy and other conditions.
«Our
gene therapy protocol is not yet ready
for clinical trials — we need to tweak it a bit more — but in the not - too - distant future we think it could be developed
for therapeutic use in
humans,» says Jeffrey Holt, PhD, a scientist in the Department of Otolaryngology and F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center at Boston Children's and an associate professor of Otolaryngology at Harvard Medical School.
«Another future goal, however, is to use CRISPR - Cas9
for somatic
gene therapy in
humans with severe diseases,» Klaus Rajewsky pointed out.
Still, by identifying the
human hairless
gene as an important master switch in regulating cell death in a hair follicle — a discovery that could lead to
gene therapies for unwanted hair growth — Christiano emerged as a new star in the field, and a glamorous one.
In
humans, variants of the IL - 15R - alpha
gene have been found in world - class endurance competitors, suggesting a target
for gene therapies aimed at boosting the ability to exercise longer.
«Researchers ID cancer
gene - drug combinations ripe
for precision medicine: Yeast,
human cells and bioinformatics help develop one - two punch approach to personalized cancer
therapy.»
The method, reported in the November issue of Nature Biotechnology, could lead to safe and effective
human gene therapies for cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and a variety of other diseases.
Human testing is years away, but gene therapy has already become a controversy in professional and amateur sports, where steroids, human growth hormones, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem for y
Human testing is years away, but
gene therapy has already become a controversy in professional and amateur sports, where steroids,
human growth hormones, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem for y
human growth hormones, and other performance - enhancing drugs have been a problem
for years.
In March 2002, Theodore Friedmann, who directs the program in
human gene therapy at the University of California at San Diego and has advised the National Institutes of Health and congressional leaders on
gene - related issues, organized a three - day workshop
for the world agency.
If successful, it could eventually pave the way
for gene -
therapy tests of
humans with MS.
So far, the Food and Drug Administration has not approved any
human gene -
therapy product
for sale, but the day is coming.
The teams» three papers, each on Nordic dogs (Swedish Vallhund and Norwegian Elkhound) and each addressing blinding ocular diseases affecting both dogs and people, identified
genes causing retinal disease and glaucoma, which may lead to
gene therapies for dogs and
humans.
One of the most promising avenues
for developing a cure, however, is through
gene therapy, and to create those
therapies requires animal models of disease that closely replicate the
human condition.
It uses a virus already approved by the Food & Drug Administration
for other genetic
therapies in the eye; it delivers an ion channel
gene similar to one normally found in
humans, unlike others that employ
genes from other species; and it can easily be reversed or adjusted by supplying new chemical photoswitches.
The team at UF's Powell Center
for Rare Disease Research and
Therapy conducted the first in - human study of gene therapy to treat respiratory dysfunction in patients with infantile onset
Therapy conducted the first in -
human study of
gene therapy to treat respiratory dysfunction in patients with infantile onset
therapy to treat respiratory dysfunction in patients with infantile onset Pompe.
For the animal experiments, Savio Woo of the Center for Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and his colleagues first isolated liver cells from transgenic mice that produce the human protein a1 - antitrypsin in their livers, from where it is secreted into the blo
For the animal experiments, Savio Woo of the Center
for Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and his colleagues first isolated liver cells from transgenic mice that produce the human protein a1 - antitrypsin in their livers, from where it is secreted into the blo
for Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and his colleagues first isolated liver cells from transgenic mice that produce the
human protein a1 - antitrypsin in their livers, from where it is secreted into the blood.
In Britain, the regulations governing genetically modified organisms came into force in 1992, before the implications
for gene therapy were appreciated, and in practice the law has not been applied strictly to
humans.
This conference touched on a broad spectrum of topics encompassing scientific integrity, including
gene therapy, guidelines
for animal and
human subject use, authorship, public health issues, and the involvement of minorities in research.
TMAdV's rarity in
humans could make it a potentially powerful tool as a viral vehicle
for delivering
gene therapy, Chiu adds.
The results, published in the current issue of
Human Molecular Genetics, open the door
for pursuing
gene editing in nonhuman primates as models
for new
therapies, including pharmacological,
gene - and stem cell - based
therapies, said Keith Latham, MSU animal science professor and lead author of the study.
They then stitched the
genes for these immunoadhesins into an adeno - associated virus (AAV), a «vector» used in
human gene therapy experiments to deliver foreign DNA into the body's cells.
One virus he selected
for his experiments, known as an adeno - associated virus, proved to be promising in
human gene -
therapy trials in other labs.
Intellia has exclusive access to Caribou's CRISPR - Cas9 technology
for the development of new
human gene and cell
therapies as well as anti-viral
therapies.
Intellia is developing
human gene and cell
therapies for both ex vivo and in vivo applications using CRISPR - Cas9
gene editing technology.
Caribou recently cofounded Intellia Therapeutics
for the development of
human gene and cell
therapies based on their proprietary CRISPR - Cas9 technology platform.
The goal of the Program in
Human Gene Therapy is to develop gene transfer technologies and use them for hepatic gene therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired disea
Gene Therapy is to develop gene transfer technologies and use them for hepatic gene therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired di
Therapy is to develop
gene transfer technologies and use them for hepatic gene therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired disea
gene transfer technologies and use them
for hepatic
gene therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired disea
gene therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired di
therapy for the treatment of genetic and acquired diseases.
Our definition is similar to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) definition of Advanced
Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP): «Medicinal product for human use that is a gene therapy medicinal product, a somatic cell therapy medicinal product or tissue engineered product» (EMA AT
Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP): «Medicinal product
for human use that is a
gene therapy medicinal product, a somatic cell therapy medicinal product or tissue engineered product» (EMA AT
therapy medicinal product, a somatic cell
therapy medicinal product or tissue engineered product» (EMA AT
therapy medicinal product or tissue engineered product» (EMA ATMP Reg.
On Aug. 3, the scientific article in Nature finally gave us some facts about the much - hyped experiments that involved editing the genomes of
human embryos at the Center
for Embryonic Cell and
Gene Therapy at Oregon Health and Science University.
He is Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), has been President of the European Society of
Gene and Cell
Therapy (ESGCT), and has been appointed as expert on the «
Human Gene Editing Study» of the US National Academies of Sciences and of Medicine, and on the Italian National Committee
for Biosafety, Biotechnology and Life Sciences.
Sadly only a few of these are associated with an sufficiently extensive set of evidence such that responsible
human trials are an immediate possibility: myostatin knockout
for muscle growth and telomerase
gene therapies to offset some of the declines of aging.