«The more any quantitative social indicator is used
for social decision - making,» he wrote, «the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.»
It holds that «[t] he more any quantitative social indicator [e.g. standardized testing] is used
for social decision - making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures.»
In education we commonly refer to Goodhart's Law's interdisciplinary cousin — Campbell's Law instead, which states that «the more any quantitative social indicator (or even some qualitative indicator) is used
for social decision - making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.»
Donald T. Campbell's 1976 paper presented a theory about social change that is now widely revered as Campbell's Law: «The more any quantitative social indicator is used
for social decision - making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.»
But, in a predictable paradox, by attaching their incentives agenda to standardized testing, the reform movement has induced cheating on a never - before - seen scale, proving the maxim known as Campbell's Law: «The more any quantitative social indicator is used
for social decision - making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.»
This principle, penned by the social scientist Donald T. Campbell in 1976, suggests that «the more any quantitative social indicator is used
for social decision - making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.»
Not exact matches
For me, one of the most important, and surprising, discoveries over the last few years has been that choosing the best approach to balancing business and
social concerns starts with a
decision to make shareholder interests the higher priority.
The New York Times is under fire (at least on my
social feeds)
for its
decision to retain star reporter Glenn Thrush, who has been accused of unwanted touching and kissing by four women.
«The Tweet did not go viral until late last night in the U.S. with an explosion of re-tweets and newly generated comments as both tweet volume and negative sentiment exploded into the market open today,» said Joseph Gits of
Social Market Analytics, a firm whose data trawls for information in social media sites, which is in turn used by major investors to inform their investing deci
Social Market Analytics, a firm whose data trawls
for information in
social media sites, which is in turn used by major investors to inform their investing deci
social media sites, which is in turn used by major investors to inform their investing
decisions.
EQ is the bedrock
for a host of crucial people skills that impact most everything we do and say in the workplace:
decision - making, anger management,
social skills, accountability, empathy and teamwork, to name a few.
Because the
decision can be complicated, it is important to consult resources including a financial advisor or
Social Security calculator to determine the best strategy
for you.
The «
for us, by us» model gets them actively involved in the
social giving process, ties them to a cause that's personally meaningful and empowers them through their own purchasing
decisions.
«Following our previous digital video survey conducted last June, we accurately predicted
social platforms would continue to exceed video platforms as the preferred partner
for decision - makers,» said Rich Sutton, chief revenue officer of Trusted Media Brands, Inc. «At Trusted Media Brands, we embrace this shift by consistently adapting to what our consumers want.
Facebook got some nasty comments, not just from the head of the Republican National Committee, but also from the head of the Senate Commerce Committee, who asked CEO Mark Zuckerberg to make his staff available
for questions about how editorial
decisions were being made at the
social network.
For example, ChaCha provides answers via text, Aardvark helps people get answers by reaching out to their extended
social networks, and Hunch helps people make
decisions by asking them questions about their personal preferences.
He is also planning to remain the voice of Starbucks»
social impact efforts, like when he asked his employees to write «Come Together» on cups during the government shutdown in 2011 or his
decision to offer full - and part - time employees tuition
for a college education.
You need to know what's going on in the world to make smart, forward - thinking
decisions for your business as well as grow your
social network.
We explain why it is critical
for brands to adopt a
social customer strategy, especially as
social media and mobile apps begin to mediate more and more customer feedback, purchase
decisions, commerce transactions.
Whether it's the frustratingly unfulfilled promise of
social media, or financially opaque ad placements, or agencies that substitute head count
for experience, or awareness - building platforms that are disappearing like polar icecaps, or brands that are encrusted to the point of immobility with the bad
decisions of a dozen previous custodians, a CMO's day often isn't nearly as much fun as it ought to be.
H&M apologized to customers this morning
for modeling a sweatshirt with the words «Coolest Monkey in The Jungle» on a black child after a wave of criticism that the marketing
decision was racist erupted on
social media.
Reversing your
decision could mean reimbursing the
Social Security Administration
for extra money you received.
Since distribution through
social networks has become one of the primary ways people find news and information, the report says, «
decisions made by Facebook, Google, and others now dictate strategy
for all news organizations, but especially those with advertising - based models.
In an unrelated incident, the world got a glimpse into how the
social network makes some of its content
decisions thanks to a leaked collection of guidelines and manuals
for the 4,500 or so moderators it employs, which was posted by the Guardian.
In a guest column
for The Hollywood Reporter, the mogul reflected on his desire to «amplify» discussions around issues of
social justice, and the
decision to produce documentaries about Kalief Browder and Trayvon Martin.
Digital Trends pondered what this
decision could mean
for reaction buttons on other
social networks.
The «fake news» revelations of the 2016 election have forced
social platforms to take greater responsibility
for publishing
decisions.
Social responsibility was cited as the reason
for the disinvestment
decision, but given the recent performance of coal stocks they could have just as easily cited the fund's financial duty.
thanks, and yes, a pittance of a pension and regular checkups keep us on budget and head off any problems — best
decision i ever made (financial or otherwise) was serving our country doing search - and - rescue, oil and chemical spill remediation, etc. (you can guess the branch of service)-- along the way, frugal living, along with dollar - cost averaging, asset allocation, and diversification allowed us to retire early — Vanguard has been very good over the years, despite the Dot Bomb, 2002, and the recession (where we actually came out better with a modest but bargain retirement home purchase)... it's not easy building additional «legs» on a retirement platform, but now that we're here, cash, real estate, investments and insurance products, along with a small pension all help to avoid any real dependence on
social security (we won't even need it at full retirement age)-- however, like nearly everybody, we're headed
for Medicare in several years, albeit with a nice supplemental and pharmacy benefits — but our main concern is staying fit, active, and healthy!
«
Social Security can represent up to 40 % of the total income the average worker receives throughout retirement and when and how to file are some of the most important financial
decisions they make in their lifetimes,» said David Giertz, president of distribution and sales
for Nationwide Financial.
Social proof is defined as «looking
for others to guide our
decisions» and it can be both explicit and implicit.
Our
Social Impact program advances learning and decision - making for nonprofits and social enterprises, such as Team Rubicon (2016 Fellow, pictured), helping them solve some of the world's most pressing pro
Social Impact program advances learning and
decision - making
for nonprofits and
social enterprises, such as Team Rubicon (2016 Fellow, pictured), helping them solve some of the world's most pressing pro
social enterprises, such as Team Rubicon (2016 Fellow, pictured), helping them solve some of the world's most pressing problems.
The firestorm that erupted over Facebook's
decision to ban Cambridge Analytica — and the ensuing revelations that the user data of 50 million Facebook users were accessed by the political consulting and marketing firm without those users» permission — has slashed Facebook stock and brought calls
for regulation
for social media companies.
Considering
Social Security strategies as a household
decision rather than an individual one can maximize the benefits
for the spouse who lives the longest.
For one thing,
social - media marketing, unlike search ads, catches most customers when they're far away from making a purchase
decision.
So knowing when to trigger
Social Security benefits
for maximum income is a major
decision.
This is particularly true
for single
Social Security recipients, who don't need to consider the impact of their
decisions on spouses who might survive them.
ACC Accounting & Auditing, AFR Africa, AGE Economics of Ageing, AGR Agricultural Economics, ARA Arab World, BAN Banking, BEC Business Economics, CBA Central Banking, CBE Cognitive & Behavioural Economics, CDM Collective
Decision - Making, CFN Corporate Finance, CIS Confederation of Independent States, CMP Computational Economics, CNA China, COM Industrial Competition, CSE Economics of Strategic Management, CTA Contract Theory & Applications, CUL Cultural Economics, CWA Central & Western Asia, DCM Discrete Choice Models, DEM Demographic Economics, DEV Development, DGE Dynamic General Equilibrium, ECM Econometrics, EDU Education, EEC European Economics, EFF Efficiency & Productivity, ENE Energy Economics, ENT Entrepreneurship, ENV Environmental Economics, ETS Econometric Time Series, EUR Microeconomics European Issues, EVO Evolutionary Economics, EXP Experimental Economics, FDG Financial Development & Growth, FIN Finance, FMK Financial Markets,
FOR Forecasting, GEO Economic Geography, GRO Economic Growth, GTH Game Theory, HAP Economics of Happiness, HEA Health Economics, HIS Business, Economic & Financial History, HME Heterodox Microeconomics, HPE History & Philosophy of Economics, HRM Human Capital & Human Resource Management, IAS Insurance Economics, ICT Information & Communication Technologies, IFN International Finance, IND Industrial Organization, INO Innovation, INT International Trade, IPR Intellectual Property Rights, IUE Informal & Underground Economics, KNM Knowledge Management & Knowledge Economy, LAB Labour Economics, LAM Central & South America, LAW Law & Economics, LMA Labor Markets - Supply, Demand & Wages, LTV Unemployment, Inequality & Poverty, MAC Macroeconomics, MFD Microfinance, MIC Microeconomics, MIG Economics of Human Migration, MKT Marketing, MON Monetary Economics, MST Market Microstructure, NET Network Economics, NEU Neuroeconomics, OPM Open Macroeconomics, ORE Operations Research, PBE Public Economics, PKE Post Keynesian Economics, POL Positive Political Economics, PPM Project, Program & Portfolio Management, PUB Public Finance, REG Regulation, RES Resource Economics, RMG Risk Management, SBM Small Business Management, SEA South East Asia, SOC
Social Norms &
Social Capital, SOG Sociology of Economics, SPO Sports & Economics, TID Technology & Industrial Dynamics, TRA Transition Economics, TRE Transport Economics, TUR Tourism Economics, UPT Utility Models & Prospect Theory, URE Urban & Real Estate Economics.
ACC Accounting & Auditing, AFR Africa, AGE Economics of Ageing, AGR Agricultural Economics, ARA Arab World, BAN Banking, BEC Business Economics, CBA Central Banking, CBE Cognitive & Behavioural Economics, CDM Collective
Decision - Making, CFN Corporate Finance, CIS Confederation of Independent States, CMP Computational Economics, CNA China, COM Industrial Competition, CSE Economics of Strategic Management, CTA Contract Theory & Applications, CUL Cultural Economics, CWA Central & Western Asia, DCM Discrete Choice Models, DEM Demographic Economics, DEV Development, DGE Dynamic General Equilibrium, ECM Econometrics, EDU Education, EEC European Economics, EFF Efficiency & Productivity, ENE Energy Economics, ENT Entrepreneurship, ENV Environmental Economics, ETS Econometric Time Series, EUR Microeconomic European Issues, EVO Evolutionary Economics, EXP Experimental Economics, FDG Financial Development & Growth, FIN Finance, FMK Financial Markets,
FOR Forecasting, GEO Economic Geography, GRO Economic Growth, GTH Game Theory, HAP Economics of Happiness, HEA Health Economics, HIS Business, Economic & Financial History, HME Heterodox Microeconomics, HPE History & Philosophy of Economics, HRM Human Capital & Human Resource Management, IAS Insurance Economics, ICT Information & Communication Technologies, IFN International Finance, IND Industrial Organization, INO Innovation, INT International Trade, IPR Intellectual Property Rights, IUE Informal & Underground Economics, KNM Knowledge Management & Knowledge Economy, LAB Labour Economics, LAM Central & South America, LAW Law & Economics, LMA Labor Markets - Supply, Demand & Wages, LTV Unemployment, Inequality & Poverty, MAC Macroeconomics, MFD Microfinance, MIC Microeconomics, MIG Economics of Human Migration, MKT Marketing, MON Monetary Economics, MST Market Microstructure, NET Network Economics, NEU Neuroeconomics, OPM Open Macroeconomics, PBE Public Economics, PKE Post Keynesian Economics, POL Positive Political Economics, PPM Project, Program & Portfolio Management, PUB Public Finance, REG Regulation, RES Resource Economics, RMG Risk Management, SBM Small Business Management, SEA South East Asia, SOC
Social Norms &
Social Capital, SOG Sociology of Economics, SPO Sports & Economics, TID Technology & Industrial Dynamics, TRA Transition Economics, TRE Transport Economics, TUR Tourism Economics, UPT Utility Models & Prospect Theory, URE Urban & Real Estate Economics.
You will likely face a very similar
decision as you plan
for your retirement, except the «pension» is called
Social Security and the «employer» is Uncle Sam.
The joke on
social media following the Alberta government's
decision to boycott B.C. wine was British Columbians saying, «More
for us!»
Take a listen to the 115th episode of the
Social Zoom Factor podcast
for a deep dive into this topic and hear case studies about brands that are putting up barriers and brands that are tearing them down and making the
decision to be human, own their mistakes and put relationships and long term customer value and loyalty first.
For more information on quantifying the impact of your husband's
Social Security claiming
decision on you as a survivor, click here.
The same might be said
for social security benefits --(a) take it at age 62, (b) take it at «full retirement age», or (c) take it at age 70, what is the right
decision for you?
Once Cheryl learned nearly 10,000 baby boomers were retiring each and every day — all of whom could benefit greatly by working with advisors that possessed the expertise necessary to help them make the best possible
decision about when and how to file
for Social Security retirement benefits, she embarked on the course to create that which was to become CSSCS.
As retirement nears, you will have several big
decisions to make, including when to stop working, when to take
Social Security, how to pay
for health care, and how to generate cash flow from your retirement assets.
As retirement nears, you will have 3 big
decisions to make: when to take
Social Security, how you will pay
for health care, and how you will generate cash flow.
Tao Wenzhao, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of
Social Science's Institute
for American Studies, said in an interview that Trump's
decision not to blame China «shows that he understands the complex reasons behind the trade imbalance.
Much with online PR,
social media can often be a useful tool
for reaching
decision makers and potential clients while search engine rankings are still works in progress.
New Deal jurists pointed to the court's willingness to accommodate constitutionally dubious moral reforms to demonstrate the ultimate subjectivity of judicial
decisions and the need
for constitutional interpretation to evolve along with
social and economic realities.
Among them are the rights to: bullet joint parenting; bullet joint adoption; bullet joint foster care, custody, and visitation (including non-biological parents); bullet status as next - of - kin
for hospital visits and medical
decisions where one partner is too ill to be competent; bullet joint insurance policies
for home, auto and health; bullet dissolution and divorce protections such as community property and child support; bullet immigration and residency
for partners from other countries; bullet inheritance automatically in the absence of a will; bullet joint leases with automatic renewal rights in the event one partner dies or leaves the house or apartment; bullet inheritance of jointly - owned real and personal property through the right of survivorship (which avoids the time and expense and taxes in probate); bullet benefits such as annuities, pension plans,
Social Security, and Medicare; bullet spousal exemptions to property tax increases upon the death of one partner who is a co-owner of the home; bullet veterans» discounts on medical care, education, and home loans; joint filing of tax returns; bullet joint filing of customs claims when traveling; bullet wrongful death benefits
for a surviving partner and children; bullet bereavement or sick leave to care
for a partner or child; bullet
decision - making power with respect to whether a deceased partner will be cremated or not and where to bury him or her; bullet crime victims» recovery benefits; bullet loss of consortium tort benefits; bullet domestic violence protection orders; bullet judicial protections and evidentiary immunity; bullet and more...