For each archaeal lineage, key characteristics regarding metabolism and lifestyle are depicted.
The lineages of these groups are not restricted to extreme habitats, as was once thought common
for archaeal species; rather, archaea are widespread and occur in all thinkable environments on Earth, where they can make up substantial portions of the microbial biomass.
Hartman suggested in 1984 that the nucleus arose when a hypothetical cell that stored its genetic information as RNA instead of DNA and possessed a simple cytoskeleton became the host
for an archaeal organism.
Not exact matches
Excitingly, these proteins are functionally enriched
for membrane bending, vesicular biogenesis, and trafficking activities, suggesting that eukaryotes evolved from an
archaeal host that contained some key components that governed the emergence of eukaryotic cellular complexity after endosymbiosis.
Recently, cultivation - independent sequencing methods have produced a wealth of genomic data
for previously unidentified
archaeal lineages, several of which appear to represent newly revealed branches in the tree of life.
The putative
archaeal host existed in a stable symbiotic relationship with one or more bacterial species, with the capacity
for both gene and lipid exchange between species.
Comparison of
archaeal and bacterial genomes: computer analysis of protein sequences predicts novel functions and suggests a chimeric origin
for the archaea.
Ten years ago in the early days of genome sequencing, researchers scoured the genomes of 580 bacterial and
archaeal species
for large genes.
Currently, we are exploring several environmental samples retrieved from allover the world - ranging from hydrothermal vents in Japan to hot springs in Yellowstone National Park and New Zealand —
for the presence of novel
archaeal (and bacterial) lineages using cultivation - independent approaches, such as metagenomics and single cell genomics.