Sentences with phrase «for carbon dioxide increase»

Evidence for long - term warming and rising sea levels is fairly strong, as is evidence for carbon dioxide increase.

The radiative forcing (IPCC 2007) is about 1.6 W m − 2 for both carbon dioxide increases alone and also the total with all other effects included (0.6 — 2.4 as 95 % confidence limits), and the net energy imbalance of the planet is estimated (Trenberth et al. 2009) to be 0.9 ± 0.5 W m − 2.

Not exact matches

The new report «Lights Out for the Reef», written by University of Queensland coral reef biologist Selina Ward, noted that reefs were vulnerable to several different effects of climate change; including rising sea temperatures and increased carbon dioxide in the ocean, which causes acidification.

I want to discuss a contemporary moral epidemic: the notion that increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, notably carbon dioxide, will have disastrous consequences for mankind and for the planet.

For example, who really notices that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased by 25 per cent since the middle of the nineteenth century (as a result of the burning of fossil fuels, along with destruction of rainforests)?

The increase in carbon dioxide that is now occurring is expected to have dramatic consequences for life on Earth as a result of the so - called greenhouse effect which will make the Earth hotter.

Rebreathing exhaled carbon dioxide trapped near an infant's airway by bedding has been suggested as a possible mechanism for the occurrence of SIDS in at - risk infants and may occur with the use of soft bedding, covering the head during sleep, and use of the prone sleep position.9 - 12 Inadequate ventilation might facilitate pooling of carbon dioxide around a sleeping infant's mouth and nose and might increase the likelihood of rebreathing.13, 14 Increased movement of air in the room of a sleeping infant may potentially decrease the accumulation of carbon dioxide around the infant's nose and mouth and reduce the risk of rebreathing.10 A recent study15 showing a significantly reduced risk of SIDS associated with pacifier use further supports the importance of rebreathing as a risk factor for SIDS.

In animal models, exposure to cigarette smoke or nicotine during fetal development alters the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in areas of the brainstem important for autonomic function, 28 alters the neuronal excitability of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (a brainstem region important for sensory integration), 29 and alters fetal autonomic activity and medullary neurotransmitter receptors.30 In human infants, there are strong associations between nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and serotonin receptors in the brainstem during development.31 Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke attenuates recovery from hypoxia in preterm infants, 32 decreases heart rate variability in preterm33 and term34 infants, and abolishes the normal relationship between heart rate and gestational age at birth.33 Moreover, infants of smoking mothers exhibit impaired arousal patterns to trigeminal stimulation in proportion to urinary cotinine levels.35 It is important to note also that prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke alters the normal programming of cardiovascular reflexes such that there is a greater - than - expected increase in blood pressure and heart rate in response to breathing 4 % carbon dioxide or a 60 ° head - up tilt.36 These changes in autonomic function, arousal, and cardiovascular reflexes might all increase an infant's vulnerability to SIDS.

A peer - reviewed study published this month found 90 companies are responsible for more than half the global increase in carbon dioxide levels and nearly half the climb in global temperatures (Climatewire, Sept. 7).

A federal report released in November 2016 laid out a strategy for the United States to «deeply decarbonize» its economy by 2050, and said that developing carbon dioxide removal techniques «may be necessary in the long run to constrain global average temperature increases to well below 2 °C.»

As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels increase, it becomes easier for trees to gather carbon dioxide and gives them a growing advantage over grasses.

For almost 100 years, Science News has been reporting the latest advances in science, such as this week's cover story by reporter Laurel Hamers, «When bogs burn, the environment takes a hit,» on how the increased frequency of bog fires worldwide is becoming a surprisingly large source of air pollution and climate - warming carbon dioxide.

«If the winds continue to increase as a result of global warming, then we will continue to see increased energy in eddies and jets that will have significant implications for the ability of the Southern Ocean to store carbon dioxide and heat,» said Dr Hogg.

Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is making the Pacific coast acidic far more rapidly than previously believed, potentially wreaking havoc for creatures living in it that are unable to tolerate the swiftly changing environment.

It may takes tens of thousands of years for oceans to recover from the acidity caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide

To produce the supply, tropical countries have been converting their forests for crop and livestock production, leading to a loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, flood protection or pollination, while increasing carbon dioxide emissions.

«As remarkable as it is that climate can change that quickly naturally, what is even more remarkable is that some of the rates of change we're experiencing today — increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide for example — are faster than anything we've been able to find in the past several million years of geologic history.

Since the observed global temperature increase is correlated with increasing levels of carbon dioxide — a food source for trees — it might seem that trees would flourish.

For many crops more carbon dioxide means a rise in the rate of photosynthesis and, therefore, in growth; and with increased carbon dioxide some plants» use of water is more efficient, according to studies done in conventional glass greenhouses.

When carbon dioxide, CO2, from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, it forms carbonic acid (the same thing that makes soda fizz), making the ocean more acidic and decreasing the ocean's pH. This increase in acidity makes it more difficult for many marine organisms to grow their shells and skeletons, and threatens coral reefs the world over.

For example, the model predicts that production of carbon dioxide must increase with time, a finding that goes against the conventional wisdom that carbon fluxes and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have steadily decreased over the last 4 billion years.

The model also accounted for natural drivers of change, including the direct influence of increased carbon dioxide on ocean - carbon uptake and the indirect effect that a changing climate has on the physical state of the ocean and its relationship to atmospheric carbon dioxide.

A single percent increase in gas turbine efficiency equates to millions of dollars in saved fuel costs for GE's customers and tons of carbon dioxide spared from the atmosphere.

As the oceans absorb increasing amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, ocean acidification is expected to make life harder for many marine organisms, especially shellfish and other animals with shells or skeletons made of calcium carbonate.

Another possible explanation for the decline in carbon dioxide may be that the rate at which carbon monoxide is oxidised in the atmosphere has increased.

For example, the new study notes that restoring whale populations could help increase the ocean's capacity to absorb climate - warming carbon dioxide.

Taking each factor independently, the team found that CCS only achieves the necessary deployment under one of the following conditions: the price of oil is greater than $ 85 / barrel; the carbon tax incentives increase dramatically to above $ 75 per tonne of carbon dioxide by 2050; or learning rates for technology deployment are sustained at a high rate, with 14 % cost reduction for every doubling of deployment.

«For some species, responses to increasing carbon dioxide seems to have reached a ceiling.

For the first time, the researchers also showed that higher HTC production temperatures resulted in a significant reduction in emissions of methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3) and an increase of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

FSU researchers studying the rich tropical forests of Panama's Barro Colorado Island found that climbing rates of carbon dioxide have set the stage for a multidecade increase in overall flower production.

Some ecosystems had surprisingly high emissions — grasslands in the United States converted to corn farms would increase carbon dioxide for 93 years.

Last year, a team led by Harvard Medical School genetics professor Susan Dymecki defined a subgroup of serotonergic neurons in mice by showing that those cells specifically, among all serotonergic neurons, were responsible for increasing the breathing rate when too much carbon dioxide builds up in the body.

The concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the air will also increase for the foreseeable future.

First, they point out that their climate model gives an overall temperature increase of 4.8 °C for the world in which carbon dioxide has doubled.

«Given how widespread low - oxygen zones are in coastal waters worldwide, understanding these processes will allow us to predict the acidification of estuaries under expected increases in carbon dioxide and ongoing mitigation of nutrient inputs by management actions,» said Jeremy Testa, assistant professor at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.

This breakdown showed that certain states, such as New York for example, that would expected to see its increasing population and affluence bring along significantly higher carbon dioxide emissions instead saw those emissions fall thanks to politics that favored environmental protections.

With the human activity associated with industrialization, however, came the burning of fossil fuels for manufacturing and transportation, putting more carbon dioxide into the air and creating an increased pressure of this gas on some regions of the earth's surface — including coastal areas.

Initially, an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere — a key ingredient for photosynthesis — led to a growth spurt for the Amazon's trees, the researchers say.

By analyzing global water vapor and temperature satellite data for the lower atmosphere, Texas A&M University atmospheric scientist Andrew Dessler and his colleagues found that warming driven by carbon dioxide and other gases allowed the air to hold more moisture, increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere.

$ 8 billion) over first ten years for deficit reductionObeys PAYGO; Starting in 2026, 25 % of auction revenues for deficit reductionFuels and TransportationIncrease biofuels to 60 million gallons by 2030, low - carbon fuel standard of 10 % by 2010, 1 million plug» in hybrid cars by 2025, raise fuel economy standards, smart growth funding, end oil subsidies, promote natural gas drilling, enhanced oil recoverySmart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, raise fuel economy standards $ 7 billion a year for smart growth funding, plug - in hybrids, natural gas vehicles, raise fuel economy standards; offshore drilling with revenue sharing and oil spill veto, natural gas fracking disclosureCost ContainmentInternational offsetsOffset pool, banking and borrowing flexibility, soft price collar using permit reserve auction at $ 28 per ton going to 60 % above three - year - average market price» Hard» price collar between $ 12 and $ 25 per ton, floor increases at 3 % + CPI, ceiling at 5 % + CPI, plus permit reserve auction, offsets like W - MClean Air Act And StatesNot discussedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade suspended until 2017, EPA to set stationary source performance standards in 2016, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedOnly polluters above 25,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent a year, regional cap and trade pre-empted, establishes coal - fired plant performance standards, some Clean Air Act provisions excludedInternational CompetitivenessTax incentives for domestic auto industryFree allowances for trade - exposed industries, 2020 carbon tariff on importsCarbon tariff on importsReferences: Barack Obama, 2007; Barack Obama, 8/3/08; Pew Center, 6/26/09; leaked drafts of American Power Act, 5/11/10.

For example, he said, most participants recognized that carbon dioxide increases global temperatures, yet mistakenly indicated that rising levels of atmospheric CO2 are expected to «reduce photosynthesis in plants.»

For the first time, scientists have shown a direct link between rising levels of carbon dioxide — or CO2 — in Earth's atmosphere and an increase in how much solar energy warms the ground.

The team increased one forcing agent (see sidebar) in a climate model, for example carbon dioxide, and decreased another, say methane, so that global mean temperature didn't change.

Fish exposed to higher carbon dioxide levels — which are expected to increase in the oceans for several decades — showed impaired cognitive function, learning difficulties, slowed visual capacity and altered sense of smell and sound.

Developed for the Commonwealth Marine Science Event 2018, this publication is an initiative by UK scientists and international partners, led by Plymouth Marine Laboratory, providing evidence - based science for policy making on the impacts of increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases on the ocean and human systems.

You would think that the increase in carbon dioxide would be good for the trees as it's a source of food for them, but it's not.

This is a large effect for increasing the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by 100 ppm.

Like their predecessors, Bolin and Eriksson ran the calculations regarding possible temperature changes for a doubling of carbon dioxide, but this time assuming emissions would increase and increase yet more on an ever - steepening upward path.

The principal climate forcing, defined as an imposed change of planetary energy balance [1]--[2], is increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) from fossil fuel emissions, much of which will remain in the atmosphere for millennia [1], [3].

«This will cause carbon loss from the soil which means an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere, which will further worsen global warming,» said Takeshi Ise from the Japan Agency for Marine - Earth Science and Technology.