Exoplanet research has gone beyond the point of finding planets — more than 3000 exoplanets are now known — to looking
for chemical markers that might indicate the potential presence of life.
Not exact matches
At Berringa, we look
for the key naturally occurring
chemical markers that are found in Manuka Honey (MGO and DHA) to determine its purity.
The researchers — James Robl, a developmental biologist and his colleagues at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, and Steve Stice at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts — inserted a
marker gene fused with a gene
for resistance to the
chemical neomycin into a culture of connective tissue cells called fibroblasts.
University Professor of Applied Physics Stephen Arnold and his team at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering have made a discovery that could lead to Star Trek - like biosensor devices capable of flagging the barest presence in blood of a specific virus or antibody, or protein
marker for a specific cancer; or sniffing out airborne
chemical warfare agents while they are still far below toxic levels.
There is also the «sister study» of 51,000 women followed
for 10 years looking at nutrition, lifestyle, exposure to environmental
chemicals and biological
markers.
«We demonstrated,
for the first time, that strontium can be used as a
chemical marker for geography and geology to differentiate heroin samples from different geographic regions.»
The new technology provides a method to scale up a previously known method
for profiling cell types distinguished by the pattern of
chemical markers studding their DNA.
The authors believe theirs is the first study to show that mouse mammary gland tissues are sensitive to a mixture of 23 commonly used UOG
chemicals, with dose - specific effects on tissue morphology, cell proliferation and induction of intraductal hyperplasias, an overgrowth of cells considered a
marker for future breast cancer risk.
After the pollutants are recorded, the next step is to look
for biological signs of
chemical exposure, which she calls
markers.
«If a person's urine or blood has THS
chemicals and biomarkers of liver damage, one can imagine identifying a number of these
markers that can be arranged on, say, a strip or a chip which could be used in the physician's office to indicate liver damage allowing
for early diagnosis and potential treatment,» Martins - Green said.
Other methods use
chemical or physical
markers that allow the operator to find the specific object they are looking
for within a thick sample, but those
markers can be toxic to living tissue, Popescu said.
The model also activates
markers for cells that have the classic excitatory and inhibitory functions in the brain, and that enable
chemical signals to travel throughout the structure.
For instance, the team uncovered a new type of
chemical - sensing tuft cell (which helps alert the immune system to infection or other forms of injury) that displayed
markers previously thought to be exclusive to immune cells and which may help sound the alarm about allergens and invading parasites.
The presence of oxygen, methane and carbon dioxide,
for instance, are widely considered
chemical markers of life.
As the studied
chemical reactions occur very rapidly — in less than a second — and the ALS technique can take about 20 minutes to scan a single spot on a particle, the researchers used a layer of chemically active molecules, which were attached to the surface of the particle, as
markers for the catalytic reactivity.
In Boulder and Toronto, we found that D5 was present in urban air at mass concentrations comparable to those of benzene, a
chemical that is a
marker for vehicle exhaust.