TianTong represents our clients to apply
for the enforcement of arbitral awards issued by domestic arbitration institutions, pre-arbitration property preservation and other compulsory measures.
Application
for enforcement of the arbitral award should be submitted to a competent judge along with a copy of the arbitration agreement, original award and certified translation of the award if the award is rendered in English, unless the parties agree on alternative means of enforcement of the judgment.
It is submitted that since the cause of action or plea in the petition
for enforcement of the arbitral awards is different from what was pleaded or was subject matter of the petition under Section 9, claimant can not be held to be estopped from raising the plea.
Not exact matches
With respect to the
award of interest, the Hamburg Court
of Appeal rejected a challenge to
enforcement under article V (1)(c), made on the basis that the
arbitral tribunal had
awarded more interest than had been claimed, considering that an «
arbitral tribunal can in its discretion and on its own initiative
award interest and compound interest
for the time until the rendition
of the
award and
for the time after the rendition
of the
award.»
Another concern raised at the time
of drafting the provision that allows
for partial recognition and
enforcement was that «an
arbitral award constitutes an organic whole, the spirit
of which may be violated if it is split up into component parts.»
The conditions
for recognition and
enforcement in the Convention establish a «ceiling», or maximum level
of control, which Contracting States may exert over
arbitral awards and arbitration agreements.
Similarities and distinctions with respect to
enforcement of foreign
arbitral awards, and potential implications
for forum selection.
For instance, in a 1968 case, a Swiss court refused to issue an
enforcement order on the grounds that the
arbitral tribunal had not complied with the agreement
of the parties that «all disputes should be settled in one and the same
arbitral proceedings» and instead conducted the arbitration in two stages.904 In a 2001 case, the Italian Supreme Court enforced a first
award but not a second
award made with respect to the same dispute.
Courts have consistently confirmed this in relation to article V (1)(c).837
For example, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit denied a party's attempt to raise a challenge under article V (1)(c) to oppose an order compelling arbitration, that is, before the arbitral proceedings had even taken place.838 The court noted that the provision could only be invoked by a party opposing enforcement of an award, which was not possible in circumstances where no award had been issued, and also unlikely where the party raising the challenge was the claimant in the would - be arbitration, and thus not the party who would be in a position to challenge any resulting arbitral award absent any counterclaims.
For example, the United States Court
of Appeals
for the Fifth Circuit denied a party's attempt to raise a challenge under article V (1)(c) to oppose an order compelling arbitration, that is, before the arbitral proceedings had even taken place.838 The court noted that the provision could only be invoked by a party opposing enforcement of an award, which was not possible in circumstances where no award had been issued, and also unlikely where the party raising the challenge was the claimant in the would - be arbitration, and thus not the party who would be in a position to challenge any resulting arbitral award absent any counterclaims.
for the Fifth Circuit denied a party's attempt to raise a challenge under article V (1)(c) to oppose an order compelling arbitration, that is, before the
arbitral proceedings had even taken place.838 The court noted that the provision could only be invoked by a party opposing
enforcement of an
award, which was not possible in circumstances where no
award had been issued, and also unlikely where the party raising the challenge was the claimant in the would - be arbitration, and thus not the party who would be in a position to challenge any resulting
arbitral award absent any counterclaims.839
He is well versed with issues related to the
enforcement of arbitral awards, including applications
for the setting aside
of such
awards.
With the advent
of the 1958 United Nations Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention), the world finally had a treaty that would allow for enforcement of foreign arbit
Enforcement of Foreign
Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention), the world finally had a treaty that would allow for enforcement of foreign arbitral
Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention), the world finally had a treaty that would allow for enforcement of foreign arbitral a
Awards (the New York Convention), the world finally had a treaty that would allow
for enforcement of foreign arbit
enforcement of foreign
arbitralarbitral awardsawards.
While the New York Convention is undoubtedly the most significant international instrument
for the recognition and
enforcement of arbitral awards, it does not operate in isolation.
Leading commentators agree that article V (1)(c) does not apply to
awards which fail to address all the issues submitted to the
arbitral tribunal
for resolution.808 Though there are no reported cases addressing whether article V (1)(c) applies to
awards rendered infra petita, the view that such
awards do not provide grounds
for refusal
of recognition or
enforcement is consistent with the text and spirit
of the Convention.
In a case concerning an application
for enforcement that was subject to both the New York Convention and the European Convention, the Italian Court
of Cassation decided that
enforcement should be denied where the presumption under Article VIII had not been rebutted because one party seeking
enforcement had expressly requested during the
arbitral proceeding that reasons be given
for the
award.
Elektrim SA v Vivendi Universal SA & Ors [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 8: grounds
for restraining by injunction an arbitration; as well as several leading cases dealing with interim relief in aid
of international
arbitral proceedings including Mobil Cerro Negor Ltd v Petroleos de Venezuela SA [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep 684 (expropriation
of Mobil's oil fields in Venezuela; successfully discharged worldwide freezing order
for US$ 12 billion under s. 44
of the Arbitration Act 1996); ETI NV v Republic
of Bolivia [2009] 1 WLR 665 (CA): (nationalisation
of company; successfully discharged a freezing order obtained under s. 25
of the CJJA 1982 and s. 44
of the AA 1996 in aid
of an ICSID arbitration); Telenor v Vimpelcom & Altimo Group (pre-arbitration interim relief in S$ 3bn telecommunications shareholder dispute); Yukos Oil v Rosneft (US$ 425m freezing order in support
of enforcement of Russian
arbitral awards);
Article 7 (2)
of the Judicial Authority Law provides
for the
enforcement outside the DIFC
of «judgments, decisions and orders rendered by the [DIFC] Courts and the
Arbitral Awards ratified by the [DIFC] Courts».
The Supreme Court considered whether the English Court, as an enforcing court
of a Nigerian
arbitral award, was entitled to require a party resisting
enforcement to provide security
for the money payable under the
award as a condition
of being entitled to advance a good arguable defence that
enforcement should be refused on grounds
of English public policy, e.g. because the
award was procured by fraud.
Noting the success that the Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign
Arbitral Awards (New York Convention) has achieved
for international arbitration, supporters
of a conciliation convention are eager
for UNCITRAL to develop an equivalent measure
for international conciliation.
TianTong also represents clients to apply
for recognition and
enforcement by foreign courts
of Chinese
arbitral awards.
Each province has its own domestic arbitration legislation that sets out rules and procedures
for the recognition and
enforcement of arbitral awards.
Acting
for a petroleum company in which the issue is the right
of an unrepresented and absent respondent to lodge an appeal against an
arbitral award at the point
of enforcement and involves a subject sum
of USD 93,720,000.
TianTong can represent clients to apply
for recognition and
enforcement of foreign
arbitral awards (made either by institutional or ad hoc
arbitral tribunals),
arbitral awards made in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan.
Canada acceded to the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign
Arbitral Awards in 1986 (the «UNCITRAL Model Law») declaring that it would apply the Convention only to differences arising out
of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, that were considered commercial under the laws
of Canada, except in the case
of the Province
of Quebec where the law did not provide
for such limitation.
Lawyers at Covington & Burling consider the
enforcement of arbitral awards in Sub-Saharan Africa, where antiquated arbitration laws and hostile courts make life difficult
for potential investors.
She is the general editor
of the Kluwer Journal
of International Arbitration and a member
of several groups, such as the International Bar Association's Recognition and
Enforcement of Arbitral Awards Subcommittee, the International Chamber
of Commerce's Task Force on Emergency Arbitration Proceedings, and the International Centre
for Dispute Resolution's International Advisory Committee.
The Supreme Court found that security can only be ordered where an application
for recognition and
enforcement of a foreign
arbitral award is being adjourned due to challenges to the
award in the courts
of the country in, or under the law
of which, it was made.
Country Report
for Austria, IBA Subcommittee on Recognition and
Enforcement of Arbitral Awards, 27 June 2016.
During the UNCITRAL colloquium on PPPs in 2014,
for example, participants questioned the suitability
of utilizing international arbitration
for PPP - related disputes, mainly because
of the «multiple investment treaties, multiple international arbitration forums, cases and rulings, and the poor
enforcement of international
arbitral awards».
However, even where statutory
enforcement regimes like Alberta's Reciprocal Enforcement of Judgments Act ensure procedural certainty for a certain delineated sub-set of international arbitral awards, the unclear procedural status of international arbitral awards, in general, continues to affect international arbitral awards not covered by the respective enforcem
enforcement regimes like Alberta's Reciprocal
Enforcement of Judgments Act ensure procedural certainty for a certain delineated sub-set of international arbitral awards, the unclear procedural status of international arbitral awards, in general, continues to affect international arbitral awards not covered by the respective enforcem
Enforcement of Judgments Act ensure procedural certainty
for a certain delineated sub-set
of international
arbitral awards, the unclear procedural status
of international
arbitral awards, in general, continues to affect international
arbitral awards not covered by the respective
enforcementenforcement regime.
Based on the factums submitted to the SCC, the appellant (Yugraneft) is arguing that international
arbitral awards should be considered, at least
for enforcement purposes, equivalent to foreign judgments, and, as such, should benefit from the 10 - year limitation period under s. 11
of the Alberta Limitations Act.
For example, Ontario's Limitations Act waives any limitation period vis - a-vis the enforcement of domestic arbitral awards, but makes no such express exception for international arbitral awar
For example, Ontario's Limitations Act waives any limitation period vis - a-vis the
enforcement of domestic
arbitral awards, but makes no such express exception
for international arbitral awar
for international
arbitral awards.
Article 42 provides
for the recognition and
enforcement of arbitral awards, on application to the DIFC Court, regardless
of the origin
of the
award in question and whether it is a New York Convention
award or not.
The accession by the State
of Bahrain to the Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign
Arbitral Awards, 1958 shall in no way constitute recognition
of Israel or be a cause
for the establishment
of any relations
of any kind therewith.
This is likely because the widely adopted New York Convention provides a predicable framework
for the recognition and
enforcement of arbitral agreements and
awards.
Counsel
for the Attorney General
of Belize before the Caribbean Court
of Justice on issues
of constitutional law connected with the
enforcement in Belize
of an
arbitral award in favour
of Belize Bank Limited.
Reciprocal
enforcement of judgments in Abu Dhabi and ADGM free zone: a new Memorandum
of Understanding («MoU») sets out the framework
for the reciprocal
enforcement of judgments, decisions and orders and the
arbitral awards ratified or recognised by the onshore civil law courts in Abu Dhabi and the common law courts in Abu Dhabi's financial free zone, ADGM.
Martinez - Fraga and Reetz will discuss the evolving relationships between international commercial arbitration and the increasingly significant field
of investor - state arbitration, including the use
of the U.S. courts to obtain discovery
of evidence
for use in those proceedings and the differing standards used
for enforcement of international commercial and investor - state
arbitral awards.
Be sure to check back
for the final post in our arbitration series, in which we will discuss the
enforcement and appeal
of arbitral awards.
As EU law is according to Eco-Swiss a public policy ground which requires national courts to review
arbitral awards for their compatibility with EU law, this means that any
arbitral awards where the arbitration seat is in an EU Member State, or the recognition and
enforcement of the
award in an EU Member State is sought, can be successfully challenged in front
of national EU courts.
In this case, the Court addressed questions
of when federal courts can enforce arbitration
awards granted outside the U.S.. For a fuller discussion of where arbitral awards can be enforced, see the discussion of «Enforcement and Recognition of Arbitral Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and T
awards granted outside the U.S..
For a fuller discussion
of where
arbitral awards can be enforced, see the discussion of «Enforcement and Recognition of Arbitral Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and
arbitral awards can be enforced, see the discussion of «Enforcement and Recognition of Arbitral Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and T
awards can be enforced, see the discussion
of «
Enforcement and Recognition
of Arbitral Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and
Arbitral Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and T
Awards» in our e-book, International Practice: Topics and Trends.
Judicial Tribunal
for the Dubai Courts and DIFC Courts
awards Dubai Courts jurisdiction in «conduit» cases: The Judicial Tribunal
for the Dubai Courts and the DIFC Courts, established in 2016 to rule on conflicts
of jurisdiction and conflicts
of judgments between the two courts, has issued two recent decisions in cases where claimants obtained an order from the DIFC Courts recognising
arbitral awards made outside the DIFC, where there was no connection with the DIFC, and where the order recognising the
award was referred
for enforcement to the Dubai courts
for enforcement against assets located there.
11.5 What is the standard
for refusing
enforcement of an
arbitral award on the grounds
of public policy?
A groundbreaking and long awaited Memorandum
of Understanding has now been signed between the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM) Courts and the Abu Dhabi Judicial Department, allowing
for the direct
enforcement of ADGM Courts judgments and
arbitral awards into onshore Abu Dhabi
However, the Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal
Enforcement) Act 1933 provides for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards (and court judgments) in former Commonwealth
Enforcement) Act 1933 provides
for the reciprocal recognition and
enforcement of arbitral awards (and court judgments) in former Commonwealth
enforcement of arbitral awards (and court judgments) in former Commonwealth countries.
These exceptions to the obligation
of confidentiality are most often relevant with regard to the
arbitral award:
for example, a party may have to disclose the
award to the court when bringing recognition and
enforcement proceedings.
For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that the court can also address the substantive jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal in proceedings for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awar
For the sake
of completeness, it should be noted that the court can also address the substantive jurisdiction
of the
arbitral tribunal in proceedings
for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awar
for the recognition and
enforcement of foreign
arbitral awards.
In an important judgment given on Wednesday 25 October 2017, the Supreme Court has laid down important principles
for the
enforcement of international
arbitral awards and specifically
for the interception
of funds payable under letters
of credit
Nicolas Audier, Bernadette Fahy and Tran Trong Binh advised one
of the leaders in the global trade
of an unnamed commodity headquartered in Switzerland in its application
for the recognition and
enforcement of seven foreign
arbitral awards for a total amount
of about $ 21 million through the Vietnamese courts.
Through the creation
of clear and uniform framework
for the recognition
of settlement agreements resulting from mediation — akin to the New York Convention on the Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign
Arbitral Awards (1958)(«New York Convention»)-- the new draft convention and the draft amended model will increase the predictability
of settlements achieved through international mediation.
Advising in resisting the
enforcement of two
arbitral awards concerning a dispute under a shareholders» agreement and an agreement
for the commercial development
of land in India.