Not exact matches
And Brazil, arguably the world leader in making
ethanol from crops, has been turning sugar cane into fuel
for nearly three decades — a process that is 30 % cheaper than
corn - based production in the U.S.
«The uses
for corn in
ethanol production coupled with drought conditions throughout the Midwest growing regions have led to dramatic price increases affecting everything
from prepared foods to animal feed
for our dairy and meat products,» he states.
After a much - quoted warning that «America is addicted to oil» in this year's State of the Union address, President Bush called
for «cutting - edge methods of producing
ethanol, not just
from corn but
from wood chips and stalks or switchgrass.
This problem can become even bigger
for biofuels like
corn ethanol that emit greenhouse gases at every step,
from laughing gas emanating
from corn fields after fertilization to the CO2
from the fermentation of kernels into
ethanol.
Commercial - scale efforts have existed
for over a hundred years that convert
corn, sugar cane and other plant - based substances into a wide array of products, ranging
from fuel such as
corn - based
ethanol to ingredients in many consumer goods, such as soap and detergents.
That method could make a difference in cellulosic biofuel plants, which produce
ethanol from waste products —
corn husks and cobs — rather than edible kernels, a major advance in addressing the tradeoff of using agricultural land to grow
corn for fuel rather than
for food.
Corn ethanol made
from irrigated crops,
for example, can use more than 1,000 times more water than oil refining, according to calculations by Sandia National Laboratory.
«
Ethanol made from miscanthus would need a much smaller carbon price to make it desirable to produce and for consumers to purchase as compared to ethanol from switchgrass and corn
Ethanol made
from miscanthus would need a much smaller carbon price to make it desirable to produce and
for consumers to purchase as compared to
ethanol from switchgrass and corn
ethanol from switchgrass and
corn stover.
Speaking of a bio-based economy, did the push
for biofuels like
ethanol from corn make farming's problems worse?
Among the multiple applications
for different processing pathways of
corn or sorghum
ethanol are four pathways
from LytEn
for hydrogen produced
from biomethane; four pathways
for renewable... Read more →
The staff of the California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has posted three new Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) fuel pathway applications to the LCFS public comments website: one
for corn ethanol (from Heartland Corn Products in Minnesota) and one ARB staff - developed pathway (with two scenarios) for the production of... Read mo
corn ethanol (
from Heartland
Corn Products in Minnesota) and one ARB staff - developed pathway (with two scenarios) for the production of... Read mo
Corn Products in Minnesota) and one ARB staff - developed pathway (with two scenarios)
for the production of... Read more →
Future harvest of
corn stover
for cellulosic
ethanol production would increase erosion (i.e. sedimentation) and nutrient loads
from corn land, they said.
I don't see how our subsidies
for making
ethanol from corn,
for example, spill over to the production of high fructose
corn syrup.
The company they've bought into has a novel approach to producing
ethanol that could use virtually any carbon source and would decouple that fuel
from corn production, potentially making it possible
for cities to produce their own transportation fuel using their own MSW, eliminating some of the need
for landfilling and the associated long - tail methane and CO2 releases
from same.
The key factors determining carbon emissions
for corn - based
ethanol are (1) whether coal or natural gas is used to power the
ethanol plant, (2) whether distillers grains are dried or sold wet, and (3) whether expansion of
corn acreage comes mainly
from reduced acreage of lower - value crops or if idled land is brought into production.
For years we've been promised the next generation of biofuels, made
from waste cellulose, but we have yet to see it replace
corn ethanol.
The food shortages and riots that have wracked the world in recent months,
from the Philippines to Egypt to Haiti, have starkly dramatized the moral bankruptcy inherent in our government's continued subsidies
for the production of
corn ethanol.
The lead author of one of the studies referenced in Elisabeth Rosenthal's recent article says in a policy brief that ``... switching
from gasoline to
corn ethanol doubles greenhouse gas emissions
for every mile driven.»
The best biofuel is still
ethanol from corn but it has to be part of an integrated production facility which should include the following steps: cattle feed lot, feed all waste (distiller's dried solids) to the cattle, convert the cattle waste to methane to supply part of the energy source
for the distillation, burn the dry crop waste to provide the remainder of the energy, irrigate the crops with the effluent
from the methane digestor.
While
ethanol,
for example derived
from corn but distilled in a facility powered by coal was, in fact, on average worse, than gasoline, some of the envisioned cellulosic - based biofuels could be dramatically better on a g CO2 eq / MJ basis.
And there are virtually no CO2 emissions
from the savings, but increasingly more
from the extra exploration and drilling
for hard to get oil, as well as
for cooking
corn with oil, gas, and coal to get
corn ethanol.
If I produced
corn ethanol, and the price of oil went up, I'd charge a lot more
for my
ethanol to maximize profitability while my competitor's prices were high, which, in a nutshell is why
ethanol does little to protect consumers
from oil price spikes.
The two scientists calculated all the fuel inputs
for ethanol production —
from the diesel fuel
for the tractor planting the
corn, to the fertilizer put in the field, to the energy needed at the processing plant — and found that
ethanol is a net energy - loser.
Capturing the nearly pure stream of CO2 emitted
from corn ethanol refinery fermentation processes is cheaper however, and footing the bill
for the added costs associated with carbon capture can be further offset by taking advantage of the market
for CO2 availed by EOR.
David Pimentel, a professor of ecology at Cornell University who has been studying grain alcohol
for 20 years, and Tad Patzek, an engineering professor at the University of California, Berkeley, co-wrote a recent report that estimates that making
ethanol from corn requires 29 percent more fossil energy than the
ethanol fuel itself actually contains.
And there was this: «By using a worldwide agricultural model to estimate emissions
from land - use change,» Timothy Searchinger of Princeton and other researchers reported in 2008, «we found that
corn - based
ethanol, instead of producing a 20 percent savings, nearly doubles greenhouse emissions over 30 years and increases greenhouse gases
for 167 years.»
The authors added, «[O] ur analysis shows that carbon releases
from the soil after planting
corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset carbon gains attributed to biofuel generation
for at least 50 years.»
«Depending on prior land use, our analysis shows that carbon releases
from the soil after planting
corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset carbon gains attributed to biofuel generation
for at least 50 years,» they note.
This extra water use stems
from the irrigation of crops like
corn that are turned into
ethanol, or in the production of the electricity
for recharging hybrids.
From 2007 to 2013, corn ethanol interests spent $ 158 million lobbying for more mandates and subsidies — and $ 6 million in campaign contributions — for a fuel that reduces mileage, damages engines, requires enormous amounts of land, water and fertilizer, and from stalk to tailpipe emits more carbon dioxide than gasol
From 2007 to 2013,
corn ethanol interests spent $ 158 million lobbying
for more mandates and subsidies — and $ 6 million in campaign contributions —
for a fuel that reduces mileage, damages engines, requires enormous amounts of land, water and fertilizer, and
from stalk to tailpipe emits more carbon dioxide than gasol
from stalk to tailpipe emits more carbon dioxide than gasoline.
It's now well - established that large - scale U.S. production of biofuels such as
ethanol from corn has accomplished little or nothing (or even negative) in its stated goals of reducing oil dependence and cutting emissions of greenhouse gases, and has functioned instead as a full - employment program
for agribusiness (and a political production racket
for Iowa and other
corn - growing states).
Because land - use decisions are local, Geyer explains, he and his colleagues examined five prominent «sun - to - wheels» energy conversion pathways —
ethanol from corn or switchgrass
for internal combustion vehicles, electricity
from corn or switchgrass
for BEVs, and PV electricity
for BEVs —
for every county in the contiguous United States.
Just growing
corn and preserving it in a salt mine forever whilst making gasoline
from coal or natural gas will even capture far more carbon than using it
for ethanol does.
At the moment, most of this comes
from ethanol produced by
corn, and in the future plans are to power vehicles
from forests, oil crops such as oil palm and soya
for biodiesel, and other biomass.
The illustrious green movement who killed nuclear power in 1970s and brought about global warming by scrubbing shade - producing particulates
from smokestacks and tailpipes are now bent on using a ginned up catastrophic climate change scenario to keep the price of oil elevated in order to keep the profit incentive alive
for stupid expensive alternatives like windmills and
ethanol from corn.
For instance, how is changing all our oil dependency to
ethanol made
from corn going to solve our crisis.
By the time you harvest Brazilian sugarcane by hand, burn it
for production power, burn what's left over in the field, ship it
from refineries to the dock, load it onto ocean going ships burning bunker, the dirtiest fuel available, then ship it thousands of miles to terminals in California and distribute it to retail outlets — It's Not going to be environmentally superior to shipping American
ethanol from the
Corn Belt.
But that turned out to be not just environmentally destructive but was also arguably responsible
for the spike in food prices that soon followed, as farmers turned away
from cultivating
corn for human consumption to cultivating it
for ethanol production.
Gary Schnitkey, Darrel Good, and Paul Ellinger, «Crude Oil Price Variability and Its Impact on Break — Even
Corn Prices,» Farm Business Management, 30 May 2007; 2006 grain used
for ethanol from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS), Feed Grains Database, at www.ers.usda.gov, updated 28 September 2007; 2006 grain harvest from USDA, Production, Supply and Distribution, electronic database at www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline, updated 12 September 2007; 2008 ethanol requirement from Renewable Fuels Association, «Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
ethanol from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Economic Research Service (ERS), Feed Grains Database, at www.ers.usda.gov, updated 28 September 2007; 2006 grain harvest
from USDA, Production, Supply and Distribution, electronic database at www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline, updated 12 September 2007; 2008
ethanol requirement from Renewable Fuels Association, «Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
ethanol requirement
from Renewable Fuels Association, «
Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February
Ethanol Biorefinery Locations,» at www.ethanolrfa.org, updated 28 September 2007; 2008 grain harvest
from Interagency Agricultural Projections Committee, Agricultural Projections to 2016 (Washington, DC: USDA, February 2007).
If someone wants to buy field
corn (that's what they make
ethanol from,) they can buy All They Want, today,
for $ 0.06 / lb.
«The pattern we show is consistent with the expansion of
corn for ethanol, the reduction of areas around fields that weren't cultivated before,» said senior author, Prof Taylor Ricketts
from the University of Vermont.
Renewable Fuels Association (RFA), Homegrown
for the Homeland:
Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005 (Washington, DC: 2005); corn per acre and ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005 (Washington, DC: 2005);
corn per acre and ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Waves,
corn per acre and
ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
ethanol per bushel approximated
from Allen Baker et al., «
Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
Ethanol Reshapes the
Corn Market,» Amber Waves,
Corn Market,» Amber Waves, vol.
They say the technological fixes also distract
from more challenging social reforms like slowing the rate of population growth, shifting away
from crops like
corn ethanol that don't put food on the table, or ending subsidies
for livestock production, which currently eats up an appalling 75 percent of the world's agricultural land.
I was reminded of Canute's story when considering the latest Environmental Protection Agency numbers
for cellulosic
ethanol — a hoped -
for alternative to
corn - based
ethanol made
from switchgrass and wood chips.
note 1; wholesale electricity price
from DOE, Wholesale Market Data, electronic database at www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity, updated 22 April 2009; Renewable Fuels Association, Homegrown
for the Homeland:
Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005 (Washington, DC: 2005); corn per acre and ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
Ethanol Industry Outlook 2005 (Washington, DC: 2005);
corn per acre and ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Waves,
corn per acre and
ethanol per bushel approximated from Allen Baker et al., «Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
ethanol per bushel approximated
from Allen Baker et al., «
Ethanol Reshapes the Corn Market,» Amber Wave
Ethanol Reshapes the
Corn Market,» Amber Waves,
Corn Market,» Amber Waves, vol.
The Scientific American reports that roughly 40 percent of today's
corn crop is used
for ethanol made
from corn, which is added to gasoline.
During the period under evaluation by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, America's Soviet - style production quota
for ethanol, a motor fuel distilled
from corn, increased almost 4 billion gallons, or 104 billion pounds of maize.
(
For context, the price of a gallon of processed
ethanol made
from corn is now $ 2.40 a gallon.)
By playing up jingoistic fears of «energy dependence,» King
Corn has convinced the Congress that ethanol, a motor fuel distilled from corn, is a national security imperative, despite the fact that it increases gas prices, it's awful for the environment, it contributes to asthma, and it makes food costl
Corn has convinced the Congress that
ethanol, a motor fuel distilled
from corn, is a national security imperative, despite the fact that it increases gas prices, it's awful for the environment, it contributes to asthma, and it makes food costl
corn, is a national security imperative, despite the fact that it increases gas prices, it's awful
for the environment, it contributes to asthma, and it makes food costlier.
For almost a decade, the Senate Ag Committee has been the primary benefactor of
ethanol, a fuel made
from corn.