Not exact matches
And Brazil, arguably the world leader in making ethanol from
crops, has been turning sugar cane into
fuel for nearly three decades — a process that is 30 % cheaper than corn - based production in the U.S.
For years, China voraciously gobbled up all manner of metals,
crops and
fuels as its economy rapidly expanded.
Forests are destroyed and villages start to use
crop residues and animal dung
for fuel.
At least 70 percent more calories would be available if farmers shifted from growing
crops for feed and
fuels to food production
Like bankers do
for financial debt, climate scientists assume that the greenhouse gas expense of burning biofuels will be paid back eventually as the
crops that make
fuel «earn» carbon through sequestering it throughout their life cycle.
Rapid population growth and the constant need
for greater
crop yields have
fueled the change.
The bioenergy
crop sorghum holds great promise as a raw material
for making environmentally friendly
fuels and chemicals that offer alternatives to petroleum - based products.
If oil - intensive algae were cultivated on a broad scale — the kind of scale now used
for other commercial
crops — they could eventually replace the 70 percent of the U.S. oil supply used
for transportation in the form of jet
fuel, gasoline, and diesel, according to Weeks.
Chemical engineer Charles Wyman of the University of California, Riverside, argues
for biorefineries turning seed oil, the stalks and other detritus of
crop plants, and even wood pulp waste into an assortment of alternative
fuels.
A new study shows that degraded, marginal or abandoned land may not be very productive
for growing
fuel crops
Biofuels Growing mushrooms
for biodiesel could require far less soil and other resources than commonly cultivated
fuel crops.
The algae grow quickly, tolerate extreme weather conditions and do not pose the same issues as biofuel
crops that are grown both
for fuel and food.
Such no - till farming provides a double benefit
for farmers: improved soils and reduced
fuel use, because it negates the need to harvest the stalks with tractors and other equipment (although it can lead to short - term reductions in
crop yields) says Chuck Rice, a soil scientist at Kansas State University in Manhattan, Kan..
«Using corn and other food
crops for bio-based
fuels and other products may not be sustainable in the long - run.
Growing
crops for fuel — known as biofuels — represents another potential way of cutting GHGs by replacing fossil
fuels (biofuels created underground by nature over millions of years).
It means they are not rewarded simply because their
crops are used
for fuel instead of food.
By dramatically improving the speed and efficiency of conversion over conventional approaches, these enzymes could stimulate efforts to grow
crops for fuel, with implications
for biodiversity in the form of increased land use
for this purpose, potential shifts away from fossil
fuel use and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
Properly situated, vertical farms could eliminate the need
for long - distance
crop transport and refrigeration, reducing fossil
fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions.
Coming from an engineering background, I was pleased to see that the only realistic alternative to fossil
fuel for transport, namely biofuel from non-food
crops, is at last attracting serious attention (8 December, p 34).
Use the sun's energy to grow the
crop, and then convert it to liquid
fuels to power our cars without the need
for gasoline.
Environmental groups protested that this calculation did not include the indirect effects of needing land to grow
crops for fuel as well as food.
AltAir does better by sourcing its bio — jet
fuel from oil seed — bearing plants, like camelina, but that limits the amount that can be planted in rotation with food
crops like wheat given constraints on the amount of land available
for the latter.
The wild shrub could then become a «sustainable cash
crop,» Joos believes, and a
fuel for the future.
Now biodiesel entrepreneurs in tropical zones in Africa and India are buying up land, starting plantations and looking forward to making
fuel from the seeds, which, they argue, will be better
for the global environment and economy than conventional biofuel
crops grown in temperate climates.
At his institute, agronomists will work on identifying or creating the
fuel crop of the future, while bio-prospectors will hunt
for enzymes that quickly convert tough, indigestible cellulose into sugar.
IPCC scientists have suspected
for a decade that aerosols of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest,
crop waste and fossil
fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide emissions.
Instead of processing commodities that might otherwise be used
for food, next generation
fuels can be produced from dedicated energy
crops like switchgrass, to the non-edible parts of corn plants, to unmarketable wood from the lumber industry — taking resources that would otherwise go to waste and using them to
fuel our energy independence.
These
fuels produced from atmospheric CO2 are carbon - neutral and do not compete with food production
for agricultural
crop land.
This Bioenergy Technologies Office helps solve this equation by supporting research on which bioenergy
crops to grow and how to grow them; technologies designed to convert biomass to
fuels and other products; and analysis methods
for determining how well the production processes achieve their economic and environmental goals.
The new study estimates land available
for growing biofuels —
crops such as corn or sugarcane that can be converted to
fuels - at between 56 and 1035 million hectares, compared to previous estimates of 320 to 1411 million hectares.
Clemson University's Institute of Translational Genomics has been awarded $ 6 million by Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy as one of six Transportation Energy Resources
for Renewable Agriculture (TERRA) projects totaling $ 30 million that are seeking to accelerate the development of sustainable energy
crops for the production of renewable transportation
fuels.
A better title would have been: «
Fueled: The Effects of Using Food
for Fuel» or something like that, because the central question of the book is to what degree has using crops to produce biomass for fuel production (usually ethanol) affected the costs of food and f
Fuel» or something like that, because the central question of the book is to what degree has using
crops to produce biomass
for fuel production (usually ethanol) affected the costs of food and f
fuel production (usually ethanol) affected the costs of food and
fuelfuel.
Anyone who wants a basic understanding of food economics, and how that is impacted by a wide number of factors including using
crops for the production of
fuel would benefit from this book.
Businesses that value predictability
for planning routinely hedge: airlines and shipping companies worried about
fuel costs, farmers hedging against
crop prices falling, etc..
For ethanol there is in deed a big question here, but the DOE study on biodiesel claims that you get 3.5 units of biodiesel energy out for each unit of fossil fuel energy you put in; with better technology and crops, it can ge bett
For ethanol there is in deed a big question here, but the DOE study on biodiesel claims that you get 3.5 units of biodiesel energy out
for each unit of fossil fuel energy you put in; with better technology and crops, it can ge bett
for each unit of fossil
fuel energy you put in; with better technology and
crops, it can ge better.
I saw your support
for cellulosic ethanol, but no statement on the logic (or lack thereof) of the United States diverting some 40 percent of its corn
crop to
fuel while world grain prices soar.
This works
for biofuels, as growing
crops absorb atmospheric CO2 and convert it to sugars, oils, etc., leading to no net change in atmospheric CO2 when the
fuel is burned — but it does not work
for coal, oil or natural gas, however.
There is probably a decent legal argument that the fossil
fuel industry could be held legally responsible
for a certain fraction of recent
crop losses due to Midwest flooding,
for example — especially since they've waged a very well - documented multi-decade PR campaign that attempted to hide and distort the evidence
for global warming.
As trees disappeared, straw and other
crop residues were used
for cooking
fuel.
I would greatly appreciate some reflection from you on the new shale gas assessment from EIA (global estimates
for areas that have been surveyed) against the trends
for food
crops, including cassava, going to make
fuels, as reported today by Elisabeth Rosenthal in The Times.
Today we harvest
crops for four main purposes: to feed animals, feed humans, generate
fuel, and make paper and construction materials.
The food versus
fuel debate has put large - scale biofuel production in a squeeze in recent years, but competition with food
crops is just one drawback
for which biofuel
crop production is criticised.
[1] «Indirect land use change» (ILUC) means that many biofuels harm the climate even more than the fossil
fuels they replace — due to land use changes caused by the expansion of agriculture to meet the additional demand
for crop - based biofuels.
Biomass - to - energy is a sustainable solution that can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, assuming that secondary and tertiary biomass is used (rather than
crops grown primarily
for biomass
fuel) to substitute the use of fossil
fuels.
Growing
crops for fuel is an extraordinarily inefficient way to produce energy
for transportation.
In Indonesia, 60 percent of national greenhouse gas emissions come from land - use change, in part,
fuelled by the growing demand
for palm oil and agricultural
crops.
It is used in power generation, primarily
for cooling thermal power plants; in the extraction, transport and processing of
fuels; and, increasingly, in irrigation to grow biomass feedstock
crops.
Another category is biomass grown in excess of what would have grown absent the demand
for bioenergy, such as growing winter cover
crops for energy and replacing traditional — yet inefficient —
fuel wood harvests in some poor countries with wood grown in agroforestry systems and local plantations.
Gelfand, I., S. S. Snapp, and G. P. Robertson, 2010: Energy efficiency of conventional, organic, and alternative
cropping systems
for food and
fuel at a site in the U.S. Midwest.
These include forest industry byproducts, sugar industry byproducts, urban waste, livestock waste, energy
crops,
crop residues, and urban tree and yard wastes — all of which can be used
for electrical generation, heating, or the production of automotive
fuels.