Sentences with phrase «for galaxy clusters»

According to researchers, this is an extremely high value for any galaxy cluster.

Not exact matches

A spiral galaxy (same goes for a spherical planet, a galaxy cluster, a comet) is shaped by forces big and small that rely on the physical properties of matter, energy, dark energy, and dark matter.

For example, the layout of the galaxies in the universe shows exacting organization, being arranged in clusters and super clusters.

A pair of papers report some of the best signs yet of hot gas in the spaces between galaxy clusters, possibly enough to represent the half of all ordinary matter previously unaccounted for.

While peering through one of the clusters, Abell 2744, astronomers recently found a candidate for one of the most distant galaxies known, a toddler growing up about 500 million years after the Big Bang.

Lotz is leading a three - year effort, known as the Frontier Fields project, to stare at six massive clusters with the Hubble Space Telescope and hunt for the seeds of galaxies similar to our own.

Dark energy competes with dark matter — an elusive substance that holds together galaxies and their clusters — to erect the scaffolding for the universe, the places where atoms can get together and form stars and planets.

A Giant Galactic Ghost Intrigued by faint blurs on old photographic plates of the Virgo galaxy cluster, a nearby region teeming with galaxies, Oregon's Bothun and colleagues wondered if the apparitions might be smallish galaxies with «low surface brightness» — astronomer - speak for emitting less light per unit area than typical galaxies.

Lumps continued growing for billions of years, forming stars, planets, galaxies and galaxy clusters.

Fritz Zwicky used it for the first time to declare the observed phenomena consistent with dark matter observations as the rotational speeds of galaxies and orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters, gravitational lensing of background objects by galaxy clusters such as the Bullet cluster, and the temperature distribution of hot gas in galaxies and clusters of galaxies.

Its 5 inch aperture ensures that it gathers plenty of light for great views of the planets and Moon, as well as brighter galaxies, nebulae, and star clusters.

And although MOND works well for stars moving in galaxies, it fails to predict the speeds at which galaxies in clusters orbit each other.

Last year a team at University College London used the clustering of galaxies as a proxy for the clumping of matter, and their result put that mass at under 0.28 electronvolts, less than one - millionth the mass of an electron.

In this case, Hubble observed how the gravity of this cluster distorted the light from more distant galaxies, and determined that the cluster's ordinary matter couldn't account for all of the distortion.

Gas at the centre of galaxy clusters should be cooling as it loses energy; this would allow nearby material to compress the gas and create ideal conditions for making stars.

That makes the two protoclusters ideal laboratories for exploring early phasesof galaxy formation in a unique clustered environment.

For instance, one theory holds that when the quark - gluon soup turned into more ordinary matter, it did so in lumps that eventually gave rise to galaxies and clusters of galaxies.

Foreground galaxy clusters can warp and magnify the light of distant, background proto - galaxies, for instance, allowing cosmologists to catch glimpses of early epochs of the universe.

For incontestable evidence that each faint dot spotted is an intergalactic globular cluster, Hanes says ground telescopes will need to gather precise details on each cluster's velocity, to confirm they are not actually orbiting galaxies.

Now, Hubble has done just that for two globular clusters: M15, in our Milky Way, and G1, in the nearby Andromeda galaxy.

Learning more about the loners could help solve the decades - old puzzle of why some galaxies apparently possess far more clusters than expected for their size; these orphans could be adding to the count, West notes.

In a paper to appear in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Forbes and Kroupa have offered five possible criteria for determining whether an object is a galaxy: the presence of dark matter, multiple generations of stars, satellite star clusters, a minimum size, and the time it takes for gravitational interactions between stars to slow them all down to roughly the same speed.

The annihilation rates have a signature non-monotonic velocity dependence over and above the resonances, e.g., for DM mass larger than 4 TeV the galactic annihilation rate (solid line) exceeds that in clusters (dashed line) and dwarf galaxies (dot - dashed line).

Later this year, astronomers will begin a new sky survey to look for signs of the stuff among exploding stars and ancient galaxy clusters.

His team has designed a balloon - borne telescope called SuperBIT, which they hope to use to check hundreds of galaxy clusters for misbehaving dark matter.

Vogeley, Cai and others in their field are keenly interested in gauging voids» shape, size, distribution and mass (they do have some — they're only virtually empty), much as we've done already for galaxies and clusters.

He found that the individual galaxies were zipping round far too rapidly for their gravity to keep them bound together in a cluster.

A group of astronomers in the US has just come up with an accurate measurement for the distance to a second galaxy in the cluster.

Various theories of «modified gravity» that suggest the force weakens under certain circumstances can explain some dark matter observations — particularly the dynamics of galaxies — but struggle to account for dark matter — attributed details astronomers see in galaxy clusters and in the big bang's afterglow.

The Antennae galaxies, named for their insectlike appearance (left, from ground - based telescope) are two merging spiral galaxies that have spawned over 1000 young star clusters visible as bright blue spots from t

For example, small differences in temperature across the sky show where parts of the universe were denser, eventually condensing into galaxies and galactic clusters.

Another key criterion for a galaxy, the researchers believe, would be the absence of star collisions, since galaxies, being more stable than clusters, are thought to be mostly collisionless.

Lauer and his colleagues began their survey of galaxy clusters in order to find the «great attractor», a concentrated mass supposedly responsible for the net motion of nearby galaxies.

«We asked ourselves how the sensitive ultra-diffuse galaxies could survive at all in an environment as unsettled as a galaxy cluster,» explains Carolin Wittmann, first author of the study and PhD student at the Institute for Astronomical Computing (ARI) at the ZAH.

Countless galaxies vie for attention in this dazzling image of the Fornax Cluster, some appearing only as pinpricks of light while others dominate the foreground.

A new study based on observations with the Hubble Space Telescope has shown that the most massive galaxies in the universe, which are found in clusters like this, have been aligned with the distribution of neighboring galaxies for at least 10 billion years.

The huge mass of the cluster acts as a cosmic magnifying glass and enlarges even more distant galaxies, so they become bright enough for Hubble to see.

Two of them — a more extensive survey of luminous galaxies, intended to tease out more information about galaxy clustering on large scales, and a more sensitive search for the cannibalized remnants of dwarf galaxies — will extend recent findings from the second Sloan survey.

If it contained an amount of dark matter typical for a galaxy of its size, the dark matter's gravity would hasten the motions of several star clusters that surround it.

Dynamical analysis for nonisolated galaxies demonstrates the feasibility of their ejection from host clusters and groups by three - body encounters, which is in agreement with numerical simulations.

By gathering energetic X-rays, it will study the physics of black holes, the evolution of galaxy clusters, and the formation of heavy elements — crucial for life — in exploding stars.

These enhanced capabilities will allow scientists to observe the gas squeezed within galaxy clusters, determining its composition, motion, and turbulence, all for a better understanding of how chemical elements evolved within the universe and what role interstellar gases play in star and galaxy formation.

«We are catching galaxies well before they end up in clusters,» and therefore the galaxies are producing «the subtle effect we look for,» says lead author Luigi Guzzo of the Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera in Milan, Italy.

The galaxy cluster El Gordo, which is Spanish for «the fat one,» is roughly 43 percent more massive than earlier estimates, Hubble data show.

Livio agrees, but believes that the galaxy - cluster result nonetheless provides an important test for relativity.

Dark matter's presence has for decades been inferred from its gravitational effects on large - scale structures such as galaxy clusters, but because it does not interact much with ordinary matter and does not emit or absorb light — hence the «dark» moniker — it has so far proved impossible to observe firsthand.

Still, if the star cluster has been orbiting the galaxy for a long time, it is strange that the destruction is occurring only now.

For this reason, researchers look at vast collections of galaxies, called galaxy clusters, where collisions involving dark matter happen naturally and where it exists in vast enough quantities to see the effects of collisions [2].

Secondly, the cluster's proximity to us makes it possible to determine distances for the individual galaxies.

Andrew Gould of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, analysed a small cluster of galaxies called Eridanus A.