The vaccines were evaluated for immunogenicity and efficacy; however, because of the previous report of immunopathology on challenge of ferrets and nonhuman primates that had been vaccinated with a whole virus adjuvanted vaccine and mice that had been vaccinated with a VLP vaccine, the primary orientation was to assess
for immunopathology among animals in relation to type of vaccine, dosage, serum antibody responses, and virus infection.
In this regard, animal model studies with FIPV in cats and RSV in mice have indicated that viral surface proteins may be the sensitizing protein of inactivated vaccines
for immunopathology with infection [32], [45].
A summary of the SARS - CoV vaccine evaluations in animal models (including the current report) that indicated an evaluation
for immunopathology after challenge is presented in Table 2.
Not exact matches
Having discovered the crucial role of IL - 27 in regulating
immunopathology, the researchers wondered whether this could be exploited
for therapeutic purposes.
The scientists conclude that in mice «well - timed treatment with rIL - 27 improved lung injury and accelerated recovery without affecting viral clearance» and continue «these data demonstrate that IL - 27 has a unique role in controlling
immunopathology without impacting on host defense, and might therefore represent a promising candidate
for immunomodulatory therapy of viral pneumonia.»
«Our proposed studies may lead to developing novel, non-antibiotic therapeutic strategies to control
immunopathology, reduce mucus overproduction, improve hearing loss and enhance host defense
for otitis media.»
Fahmy, who worked as a chemical engineer at DuPont
for 5 years before doing a Ph.D. in
immunopathology, had just explained the complex relationship between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system when a reporter interrupted him.
It was a rich and rewarding workplace
for a novice, surrounded by people who were experts in disparate aspects of tuberculosis research including clinical trials, epidemiology, and
immunopathology.
Research programs of
Immunopathology Unit aim to dissect the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible
for immunopathological responses of the liver, with emphasis on the responses that occur during infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV).
In an effort to determine whether an adjuvant that induced a bias
for a Th1 - type response would protect and prevent the
immunopathology, we initiated an experiment where the DI PBS suspended vaccine was adjuvanted with Freund's complete adjuvant, a Th1 - type adjuvant.
The concern
for an occurrence of lung
immunopathology on challenge of mice vaccinated with an inactivated virus vaccine, as reported by Haagmans, et al.
for ferrets and nonhuman primates, was seen by us after challenge of mice vaccinated with a SARS VLP vaccine [20].
Additionally, a more intense study
for virus replication including quantitative RT - PCR assays might have confirmed the probability that virus replication is required
for induction of the
immunopathology after vaccination.
In contrast to our results, those studies did not find clear evidence of the Th2 type
immunopathology on challenge of mice given a vector vaccine
for the S protein.
To be certain the Th2 type
immunopathology was elicited by the S protein vaccine in our studies and in hopes a greater immune response would result from higher dosages of the vaccine and induce greater protection against infection as well as reduce or prevent the
immunopathology, our experiment 2 used up to 9 µg of the S protein
for immunization.
Using clinical samples we would like to create an immunoprofile of activated B cells and memory B cells that may provide prognostic markers
for dengue immunity and / or
immunopathology.