Metabolism isn't just
for individual organisms: Researchers apply the term to the processes through which entire natural ecosystems acquire and maintain (or lose) resilience, such as predator - prey balance and levels of photosynthesis.
Not exact matches
«Rome is burning at the moment,» Christopher Page, a biologist who oversees production and growth of new coral seeds at Mote, told me as he pointed to a tank full of polyps, the name
for individual coral
organisms.
It suggests that the whole of nature is part of the divine self; it shows how the exploitation of nature impoverishes the very richness of divine experience; it encourages a respect
for the intrinsic value of
individual organisms; and, in saying that God loves the world as a self loves a body, it suggests that embodiedness itself is a good to be cherished rather than an evil to be avoided (McFague, 74).
And it is in this Leopoldian vein that he opens the door, perhaps unwittingly, to the second question mentioned above: What, if anything, is the ethical status of
individual nonhuman
organisms, as they exist in and
for themselves?
For when monistic thinking of this sort prevails, individual organisms are not really appreciated for their own sakes and on their own ter
For when monistic thinking of this sort prevails,
individual organisms are not really appreciated
for their own sakes and on their own ter
for their own sakes and on their own terms.
Not only must one view the
individual patient as an operating biological
organism, one must also seek to understand both the environing medium
for that person, which includes all other persons with whom functional activity occurs, and the specific culture that to a large extent shapes the perceptual patterns by which that
individual experiences the world.
First, the aim at intensity or richness of experience on the part of
individual moments of the soul's life leads the soul to actualize itself in ways that are immediately rewarding to it, independently of their consequences
for the
organism as a whole.
See my «Whitehead and Jonas: On Biological
Organisms and Real
Individuals,»
Organism, Medicine, and Metaphysics (a Festschrift
for Hans Jonas), Stuart F. Spicker, editor; Philosophy and Medicine, Volume 7 (Dordrect and Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1978).
This possibility, he held, «establishes the validity of the Christian doctrine of life through death
for the collective, as well as
for the
individual,
organism.
As Cosmic Life he is an
Individual Organism who is striving
for his own fulfillment through the perfection of his body - world.
While it is evident to science that there is a functional «teleonomy» or machine - like purposiveness in
individual organisms (
for example, the fish's eye is constructed so as to enable it to see under water, the heart toward pumping blood, the human brain toward problem - solving, etc.), still there is no hard evidence that life itself, terrestrial evolution or the universe as a whole has any overarching meaning.
For practical purposes, we will use a common, working definition, even though it only strictly applies to se - xually reproducing
organisms, and that is: A species is comprised of
individuals capable of interbreeding to produce fer - tile offspring.
If we take the definition of life as being said to be present when an
organism shows evidence of
individual animate existence, then from the blastocyst stage the fetus qualifies
for respect.
Finally, the authors addressed two major challenges
for any study that generates large data - sets of
individual genes and proteins in model
organisms like yeast: How to assemble the data into coherent maps?
«Every time an
individual divides, it's still alive and it takes six to 24 hours
for most of these
organisms to reproduce,» he said.
These modifications — most often the addition of methyl groups to
individual DNA bases — in some instances carry a sort of historical record of what an
organism has experienced (
for example, exposure to foreign chemicals in the womb).
Darwin's theory of natural selection identifies in a qualitative way the cause of evolutionary change: natural selection operating through a struggle among
individual organisms for reproductive success.
In natural, unaltered
organisms, she explains, each sequence of DNA in a genome codes
for a particular outcome, expressed as a protein that determines a quality of the
individual or even the species as a whole.
Wyrick and WSU colleagues Peng Mao, Michael Smerdon and Steven Roberts irradiated yeast cells and looked
for patterns of damage at the level of
individual base pairs, the DNA building blocks whose order serves as an
organism's blueprint.
If the results can be replicated in other species, it will represent a boost
for the hologenome theory of evolution — the idea that the object of natural selection is not the
individual organism nor even just its genes, but also those of the microbes it hosts.
So while unicellularity is clearly a successful way of life
for many
organisms,
for others the collective benefit of multicellularity appears to outweigh the loss of
individual fitness
for each somatic cell that is denied a chance to pass on its particular genome.
At the conference, biologists who work mostly in the field observing the behaviors of bees, ants, wolves, slime molds and other creatures tended to look
for the mechanics of natural selection at the behavioral level by examining how
individual organisms self - organize into hives, nests, packs, conglomerates or families.
But in a polyploid
organism such as wheat, mutations in
individual genes often have no apparent effect, because additional copies of the mutated gene compensate
for the loss.
The third modular network incorporates known polymorphisms or haplotypes that influence each of the generic responses to
organism stress (intermediate phenotype, I, or response genome or proteome), and will define,
for example, the extent to which an
individual can mount an inflammatory response, develop thrombosis, or accommodate oxidant stress.
VY: I'd like to go back to the idea that evolution has created a beautiful canvas
for understanding regeneration with all these different
organisms that already exist in nature, and that we can learn quite a bit by querying not only
individual systems but multiple systems that share this unique quality.
The long - term experiments are designed to account
for complex interactions between
individual organisms.
New approaches to microscopy, precision laser ablation of
individual cells and capillaries, and genetic engineering of model
organisms are opening new vistas
for exploring the brain and how it works.
Rather than placing the entire responsibility
for advocating
for the sequencing of various
organisms upon
individual researchers, NHGRI has established three working groups comprised of experts from across the research community.
Many of the pathogenic
organisms reported to be inactivated by these antimicrobial lipids are those known to be responsible
for opportunistic infections in HIV - positive
individuals.
If we can give these
individuals, incarnated with the propensity to use their minds as instruments of expression, growth, and evolution, the tools to balance their bodily
organism, it is my belief that they will come into fuller contact with their soul, their reason
for being, and their essential role in ushering us into the next story.
The
organisms used in these products is tailored to the
individual species — you won't get good results if you give your dog a product made
for horses,
for example, or vice versa.
While Iglesias clearly does not indulge in Baroque spectacle and has taken the fountain tradition far beyond mere lavish ornament, her uses of water seem to me to resonate with the deeper implications of Descartes» analogy,
for the regular pulse of Tres Aguas evokes the mind - body symbiosis of every living
organism as well as the reciprocity that needs to exist between nature and society,
individual and community.
Nothing can be good
for the tribe as such; «good» and «value» pertain only to a living
organism — to an
individual living
organism — not to a disembodied aggregate of relationships.
Iris Hendriks of the Mediterranean Institute
for Advanced Studies recently analyzed data from a wide sample of research into how
individual organisms respond to increased carbon dioxide in their seawater.
We seek a highly creative and interactive scholar whose research and teaching interests are focused on innovative approaches
for theoretical, empirical, and computational analyses in Earth and Environmental Sciences and whose research addresses dynamics at any scale - from
individual organisms to the entire globe.
There is no intrinsic constraint on live crown area
for trees of this size other than the resources the
organism is able to devote to this process (except
for factors like average stand height and their effect upon exposure at the
individual tree level).