The JDF Center for Islet Cell Transplantation will fund 32 researchers to focus on four main goals: Reversing the overactive immune response that kills islet cells; finding new sources
for islet cell transplants, such as pigs or genetically engineered cells; persuading the body to accept the transplanted cells without immunosuppressive drugs that often trigger worse side effects than the disease; and overcoming the technical difficulties of transplantation.
Not exact matches
Using
cells from cadavers, doctors have been experimentally
transplanting pancreatic
islets into humans
for decades, but as many as 60 percent of the
transplanted islets die immediately because they are cut off from their blood supply and are killed by an immune response due to direct injection into the bloodstream, and those that survive the
transplant usually die within several months.
Combining a new hydrogel material with a protein that boosts blood vessel growth could improve the success rate
for transplanting insulin - producing
islet cells into persons with type 1 diabetes.
Diabetes researchers are considering various replacements
for insulin injections:
Transplanting new pancreatic
islet cells that make insulin, coaxing the patient's own
islets to regenerate, or treating diabetics early in the disease with immune - suppressing therapies to prevent their body from destroying the rest of their pancreatic
islets.
Using the material and protein combination, the researchers evaluated multiple locations
for implanting the
islet cell clusters, the first time such a direct comparison of
transplant sites has been made.
«The loss of insulin - producing beta
cells leads to type 1 diabetes, making it an ideal target
for cell replacement therapy,» said James Shapiro, MD, PhD, FRCSC, Director of the Clinical
Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta.
Although cord blood stem
cell transplant is becoming increasingly promising, the Clinical
Islet Program is not currently involved with cord blood as a treatment
for diabetes.
In addition to providing an unlimited supply of
cells for implantation, the PEC - Direct approach has the potential to provide other advantages relative to cadaver
islet transplants such as delivering a more consistent product preparation under quality - controlled cGMP conditions, with a more straightforward and safer mode of delivery.
In addition to providing an unlimited supply of
cells for implantation, the PEC - Direct approach has other potential advantages relative to cadaver
islet transplants such as delivering a more consistent product preparation under quality - controlled cGMP conditions, and a more straightforward and safe mode of delivery.
To create a lasting source of insulin - producing beta
cells for transplant, we are developing new methods to promote differentiation from pancreatic stem
cells into healthy
islets.
Whereas expensive stem
cell therapies,
islet cell transplants, and an array of synthetic drugs in the developmental pipeline are the focus of billions of dollars of research, annually, our kitchen cupboards and backyards may already contain the long sought - after cure
for type 1 diabetes.