Sentences with phrase «for macroscopic»

The actual Second Law is based on the fact that although energy transfers occur in both directions, by simple statistics it becomes essentially astronomically improbable that the net flow of energy, what we call «heat» will be from the hotter body to the colder body for any macroscopic bodies.

The actual Second Law is based on the fact that although energy transfers occur in both directions, by simple statistics it becomes essentially astronomically improbable that the net flow of energy, what we call «heat» -LSB-,] will be from the hotter body to the colder body for any macroscopic bodies.

The reason is that for a macroscopic object such as an ordinary mercury thermometer or a spacecraft, radiative heating and cooling processes will dominate (by orders of magnitude) over convective heat transfer with the thin thermosphere.

They do come to the same conclusion; they quite clearly show — and state — that, for any macroscopic system, canonic or microcanonic — the sort of system we are actually interested in here — the result is isothermal, as it should be.

, but it is the foundation for this question itself: How do microscopic material properties (which are the basis for macroscopic properties) arise from quantum mechanical properties of fundamental particles and atoms?

We had loads of fun diving with Martin, he's got a great eye for macroscopic organisms and it was totally wicked!!

I want one of those super computers that create 3D images in real space that you can interact with — expand / collapse models, move them here and there, zoom in for close look and then out again for a macroscopic vantage — not because I actually have anything important to do, but because Tony Stark spends more time with one in Iron Man 2 than he spends battling super villains (or any villain at all for that matter).

For macroscopic diameters, the heat flux becomes constant as boundary scattering weakly affect thermal transport.

The advantage: this approach accounts for disturbances stemming from the random motions of the solvent molecules and for macroscopic solvent fluid flows accompanying the motor motion.

Not exact matches

An actual supernatural thing would, for us to interact with it in any way, be required to impinge upon this space - time continuum, and we see that, regardless of scale, i.e. microscopic or macroscopic, there is absolutely zero evidence that there is anything interacting with us or our universe in any way.

On the other hand, one can study water at the macroscopic level, at which level the laws of thermodynamics apply (allowing us to predict the phase of water undergiven conditions, for example).

I analyzed the superficial plausibility of Perry's example before in pointing out that it is borrowed from the macroscopic realm which is for all practical purposes deterministic; the predictability of any macroscopic particle is only approximate and does not alter the basic contingencies of the elementary microphysical events of which a «particle» consists.

At the macroscopic level societies of occasions are preserved in their dominant patterns through adaptation to their environment.7 This adjustment is pursued ultimately not for its own sake, but for the sake of providing a stable actual world in which the constituent occasions may be nurtured toward the achievement of greater intensities of self - realization.

Over against these highly macroscopic designations, some studies have taken a much more specific spatial and temporal orientation, focusing for example on a specific event such as the overthrow of the shah in Iran or a series of related episodes such as the conflicts between Jews and Palestinians in Israel.

What exactly does it mean for a (human) body to exist in space - time or as a macroscopic extension of a quantum foam, and how can the soul be seen to exist in a universe whose hidden dimensions go well beyond the three we can observe?

21 In his James Lectures at Harvard in 1940, he abandoned the term «particulars» for «universals» or «qualities» that, based on the examples he cites, functioned somewhat like Whiteheadian «eternal objects»: that is, ordinary macroscopic objects or experiences are to be conceived as a particular togetherness of these qualia at a given locus in spacetime.22

These data are worked in CE, at least by conceptual valuation and perhaps by reversion so as to attribute to macroscopic nexus eternal objects found among or possible for the occasions that belong to the nexus.

Particularly valuable in part two were the chapters on the persistence of teleology in biological discourse despite its political incorrectness, and the insights into reality being multi-layered (e.g. microscopic and macroscopic; chemical and biological), requiring different sciences to have different methods, and calling for a renewal of metaphysics to incorporate the insights of modern science.

There, I got to study tuberculosis not only on the level of macroscopic bone changes as before, but also look at the molecular level and search for the pathogen's DNA.

Physics also deals separately with the microscopic — the individual movements of particles in a gas, say — and the macroscopic, for example when the sum...

«Recipe book for colloids: Correlation between microscopic structures and macroscopic properties.»

Designing materials for use in the large variety of gadgets and structures that support our everyday lives involves understanding them at their atomic, electronic and macroscopic scales.

Their observations make it possible, for the first time, to infer the macroscopic properties of materials based on their structural arrangements of atoms, which will guide how scientists and engineers build aircraft components, for example.

and Sir Roger Penrose's explanation for the lack of macroscopic quantum effects: It would seem that the absence of «quantum strangeness» on the macroscopic level is well predicted by classical quantum theory.

Decoherence is thought to be a major obstacle in using macroscopic quantum states for quantum computing applications.

For example, she says, they might try to put the resonator into a Schrödinger cat state, in which it would contain a macroscopic sound wave, comprising many vibrational quanta, and at the same time be devoid of vibrations.

is that, although we know a great deal about the physiologic effects and macroscopic sites of action, we don't yet know the molecular mechanism (s) of action for general anesthetics.

McKay suggested that the Viking Mars lander may have inadvertently oxidized any evidence of life it its samples of Martian soil, proposed an expedition to gather samples of water from the Saturn moon Enceladus, and offered a child - friendly analogy for how alien life might differ from life on Earth: «I could build a table out of Lincoln logs and you could build a table out of Legos: At the macroscopic scale they'd be the same — they'd both be tables; at the microscopic scale they'd be the same — they'd both be built from carbon atoms.

«That allows me to develop insights and opportunities for new ideas that are different from others that are coming from the macroscopic level.»

Up to now, science has focused more on the macroscopic functionality of textiles, for example clothing, explains Dr. Ji - Woong Lee, who recently completed his doctorate at the Max - Planck - Institut für Kohlenforschung under the supervision of Professor Benjamin List, head of the Institute's Homogenous Catalysis Group.

«Our protocol avoids this problem and can also be used for determining entanglement in macroscopic objects, which was nearly impossible until now.»

By using an atomic - resolution aberration - corrected (scanning) transmission electron microscope in combination with micromagnetic simulations the authors could reveal for the first time the atomic structure of the single phases present and establish a direct correlation to the macroscopic magnetic properties.

Why isn't the dual wave / particle nature of the quantum mechanical world present in the macroscopic world (say, for a basketball)?

In vacuum, air, and other surroundings supporting ballistic light propagation according to Maxwell's equations, invisibility cloaks which are macroscopic, three - dimensional, broadband, passive, and that work for all directions and polarizations of light, are not consistent with the laws of physics.

Macroscopic objects, on the other hand, are supposed to mind their own business — flipping one coin shouldn't force another flipped coin to come up heads, for example.

Publishing in Physical Review Letters, scientists at EPFL have put forward an experimental protocol for demonstrating QE at the macroscopic scale by using a device that can be controlled by light.

The innovative aspect of this activity was the notion that the concept of macroscopic devices could be extended to the molecular level, and that it was possible to design supramolecular systems that, upon stimulation with external energy stimuli such as UV / Visible light, are capable of performing a variety of specific functions: (i) systems for information processing (e.g., wires, switches, antennas, plug / socket systems, extension cables, memories, logic gates, encoder / decoder, rudimentary neuron - like systems), (ii) devices that when powered by chemical energy or electrochemical energy or by light exhibit machine - like behavior (e.g., piston / cylinder systems, shuttles, lifts, rotary rings, dendritic photo - switchable boxes), and (iii) components for artificial photosynthetic systems.

We have also created an indium atomic layer two - dimensional material on the surface of silicon, and have clarified for the first time ever that macroscopic supercurrents and Josephson quantum vortices exist in this atomic layer.

The core facility is a two - photon in vivo imaging platform developed at the Nonlinear bioimaging laboratory, a technique that allows for non-invasive structural and functional measurements in small animal models at different scales: from macroscopic imaging of the brain morphology to highly resolved microscopy of neuron populations, single neurons, and even subcellular structures.

The bias is larger for more «macroscopic» systems, and basically nonexistent for truly «microscopic» systems.

Hence, it is not the electromagnetic repulsion between electrons and nuclei that is responsible for two wood blocks that are left on top of each other not coalescing into a single piece, but rather it is the exclusion principle applied to electrons and protons that generates the classical macroscopic normal force.

What I like for visualization purposes is to think of greenhouse agents (gases or other) as acting like macroscopic particles — for ease of reference, let's say Ping - pong balls — suspended in the air.

One has to look to the other macroscopic force which is conspicuously absent from the GHG assertions (can't call the «equations» because such don't exist), gravity, to explain the 3 %, in the case of Earth, and 125 %, in the case of Venus, greater surface than orbital temperatures (take those figures to the 4th power for equivalent energy densities) seen in all planetary atmospheres, and indeed all gravitational wells.

A key objective of work in the program is to develop a knowledge foundation of structure - function relationships for photoelectrochemical layers that allows for prediction and control of transport phenomena in macroscopic solar - fuel generation systems.

Except under exceptional circumstances, like in southwest USA where several trees are living for thousands of years (Swetnam 1993; Lloyd & Graumlich 1997), most long - term fire histories rely on other direct fire evidence like macroscopic charcoal on and in mineral soils (Filion 1984; Payette & Gagnon 1985; Filion et al. 1991; Desponts & Payette 1993; Lavoie & Payette 1996; Carcaillet 2001; Asselin & Payette 2005b; Talon et al. 2005).

This is a pretty serious picking of nits — thermo textbooks regularly state that there is «no heat flow» between reservoirs in thermal equilibrium because there is no net macroscopic flow of heat between the two reservoirs, for the simple reason that thermodynamics averages over molecular (or in the case of radiation, single photon) scale local fluctuations.

Here is a macroscopic argument for a parcel of air rather than individual molecules.

Asserting that a thermal equilibrium exists in some straightforward, isolated, thermally connected system that has sat around for many thermal relaxation times that has a macroscopic distribution of local temperatures isn't trivial.

You've got an insulated jar of air, and you've left it sitting on the counter for the last ten years, but somehow you think that the air inside is busy busy moving up and down in macroscopic packets, heating at the bottom, cooling at the top, and yet somehow the bottom never gets any cooler and the top never gets any warmer!

, phrased more politely, perhaps accompanied by a strict requirement that all of the physics from the microscopic level to the macroscopic level be fully explained to show how the system does or doesn't violate the second law before accepting it for publication?