Relational Interventions
for Maltreated Children.
Two trajectory classes of ego resiliency were identified
for maltreated children: those who showed a declining trajectory exhibited greater maladjustment.
The effectiveness, acceptability and cost - effectiveness of psychosocial interventions
for maltreated children and adolescents: an evidence synthesis.
Several years ago, Dr. Baylin began a collaborative relationship with Daniel Hughes, a leader in the field of attachment - focused therapy and the developer of Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy or DDP, a highly regarded model of treatment
for maltreated children and their caregivers.
aims to evaluate NIM compared with CM
for maltreated children entering foster care in a UK context.
Several reports have highlighted the inadequacies of the UK's care system and the high costs associated with implementing new services6 as well as the increasing costs that are associated with cycling placements or returns to care.7 Additionally, existing analyses have emphasised the challenges in conducting economic evaluations of interventions aimed at improving outcomes
for maltreated children, which include the need for a long - term perspective, accounting for the context - specific nature of interventions, 8 and overcoming obstacles of cross-comparison due to variations in methods, samples etc..9
, Programs and Interventions
for Maltreated Children and Families at Risk (pp. 31 - 42).
Academic engagement and performance: Estimating the impact of out - of - home care
for maltreated children.
Efficacy of a home visiting - intervention aimed at improving maternal sensitivity, child attachment and behavioural outcomes
for maltreated children: a randomised control trial
This finding implies that the cost differences shown in Table 3 not only reflect a higher cost per case when accessing care but also a higher rate of care
for maltreated children.
Finally, although out - of - home care is one of the most widely used interventions
for maltreated children, there is limited evidence available, which is mostly focused on the benefits of foster care and adaptations of this model.
It also presents an overview of prevention efforts, reporting laws, caring
for maltreated children, and ways to support parents and professionals who work with families.
Except
for maltreated children with the s / s genotype, maltreated children with monthly or more frequent contact with their primary support had relatively low depression scores (which were, on average, only 3 points higher than the mean depression score of the CC group).
Inclusion Criteria
for Maltreated Children.
The efficacy of a relational treatment
for maltreated children and their families.
Not exact matches
Boys who have been physically
maltreated and neglected as
children, as well as those who have been victims of physical or sexual assault, have been forced to have sexual contact against their will or have been victims of incest are vastly more likely to become fathers as teenagers than other teenage males (
for review, see Kiselika, 2008, pp42 - 44)
Lead author Ramesh Raghavan, PhD, associate professor at the Brown School and of psychiatry at the School of Medicine, examined Medicaid records from 36 states
for 1,921
children in the National Survey of
Child and Adolescent Well - Being, whom caseworkers had identified as having been
maltreated, and who had received Medicaid - funded services.
April 25, 2013 = Allie presented a free online webinar on «Therapy Animals Helping
Maltreated Children»
for the Minnesota Crime Victim's Rights Week.
Parents
maltreat their
children for many reasons and combinations of reasons.
However, failures in the
child protective services system further exacerbate
maltreated children's risk
for depression and increase the likelihood that these problems will become chronic.
After controlling
for these established risk factors (Table 2, panel 1, multivariate analysis),
children who were
maltreated (definite maltreatment: RR, 1.69; 95 % CI, 1.13 - 2.55) and
children who were socially isolated (very high social isolation: 1.76; 1.12 - 2.77) were both at greater risk of becoming depressed in adulthood.
Experts know that cases of abuse or neglect that are substantiated by a
child protective agency represent only a small fraction of
children who are
maltreated.122 That being the case, it would be far more useful to gain a better understanding of
child maltreatment so that it can be prevented (and strategies to prevent it can be assessed) before it becomes necessary
for the state to intervene.
The
maltreated children were more likely to meet criteria
for major depression, dysthymia, or minor depression than the CCs (any depressive disorder:
maltreated, 22.8 %; CCs, 4.5 %; χ2 = 6.55, df = 1, and P < 0.01), although few
children met full diagnostic criteria
for major depression (major depressive disorder:
maltreated, 7.0 %; CCs, 0.0 %; χ2 = 3.22, df = 1, and P < 0.08).
Stephen Magura and Alexandre Laudet argue that in - utero exposure to cocaine and other drugs can lead to congenital deficits that may make a
child more difficult to care
for and, therefore, more prone to being
maltreated.9 Parenting skills can also suffer among substance - abusing parents, who may be insufficiently responsive to their infants.10 Caregivers who abuse substances also may place a higher priority on their drug use than on caring
for their
children, which can lead them to neglect their
children's needs
for such things as food, clothing, hygiene, and medical care.
There is converging evidence that
maltreated children are at an elevated risk
for depression.
Substance abuse Substance abuse by a
child's parent or guardian is commonly considered to be responsible
for a substantial proportion of
child maltreatment reported to the
child welfare services.1 Studies examining the prevalence of substance abuse among caregivers who have
maltreated their
children have found rates ranging from 19 percent2 to 79 percent or higher.3 One widely quoted estimate of the prevalence of substance abuse among care - givers involved in
child welfare is 40 to 80 percent.4 An epidemiological study published in the American Journal of Public Health in 1994 found 40 percent of parents who had physically abused their
child and 56 percent who had neglected their
child met lifetime criteria
for an alcohol or drug disorder.5
Risk
for negative outcomes may be modified by both genetic and environmental factors, with the quality and availability of social supports among the most important environmental factors in promoting resiliency in
maltreated children, even in the presence of a genotype expected to confer vulnerability
for psychiatric disorder.
The s / s genotype conferred a significant vulnerability
for depression, but only in the
maltreated children.
Mental representations and defenses in severly
maltreated children: A story stem battery and rating system
for clinical assessment and research application
Though results are mixed, most home visiting studies find that the early intervention of home visiting can improve both short - and long - term outcomes
for children who are at - risk of being
maltreated by positively impacting not only the outcomes listed above, but perhaps most importantly, the mother -
child relationship (e.g., Black et al., 2007; Guttentag et al., 2014; Karoly et al., 2006; Olds et al., 1998).
Although there was no increase in depression associated with less frequent contact
for children with the l / l genotype,
maltreated children with at least one s allele that had semiannual or less frequent contact with their primary support had a 33 % increase in depression scores compared with
maltreated children with the same genotypes that had more regular contact with their primary support.
For example,
children growing up with low childhood SES were more likely to be
maltreated (RR, 2.69; 95 % CI, 1.83 - 3.94) and to be socially isolated (1.62; 1.31 - 2.02), but 58.5 % of
maltreated children and 70.1 % of socially isolated
children were not exposed to low SES.
We believe the life course trajectory of
maltreated children can be improved through ongoing research efforts that span from neurobiology to social policy, identifying mechanisms responsible
for the etiology of depression and other stress - related psychiatric disorders, and systematically testing interventions to improve the system of care
for these
children.
This is not surprising, given the LONGSCAN consortium's selection criteria;
children in the study had been
maltreated or were considered at risk
for child abuse.
It also presents an overview of prevention efforts, reporting laws, and the ways
child care providers can care
for and support
maltreated children and their families.
Victims of abuse are at high risk
for poor health, related not only to the physical trauma they have endured, but also to high rates of other social risk factors associated with poor health.22 Abused
children have high rates of growth problems, untreated vision and dental problems, infectious diseases, developmental delay, mental health and behavioural problems, early and risky sexual behaviours, and other chronic illnesses, but
child welfare and health care systems historically have not addressed the health needs of dependent
children.23 - 33 Compared to
children in foster care,
maltreated children who remain at home exhibit similarly high rates of physical, developmental and mental health needs.34
The best evidence
for reduction in mental - health conditions among
maltreated children is
for cognitive - behavioural therapy (CBT)
for sexually abused
children with post-traumatic stress symptoms.11 Several interventions show promise: some
child - focused types of therapy
for neglected
children including resilient peer treatment, 12 an imaginative play program, 13 multisystemic therapy14 and a day treatment intervention.15 There is also some evidence of the benefits of post-shelter counseling intervention
for women exposed to intimate - partner violence, 16,17
child - parent psychotherapy, 18,19 and trauma - focused CBT
for children with intimate partner violence - related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.20
All variations in socioeconomic characteristics were only controlled
for by matching
maltreated children to
children of similar demographics who resided in the same state and zip code.
Preventive intervention
for maltreated preschool
children: impact on
children's behavior, neuroendocrine activity, and foster parent functioning.
Pathways Triple P (2 days training + 1 day accreditation — following completion of Level 4 training) Training to deliver this intervention is recommended
for professionals who in the course of their duties regularly consult with parents at risk of
maltreating their
children, and have the capacity to deliver an extended group program.
Pathways Triple P: Intervention
for those parents and carers at risk of
maltreating their
child.
The article includes characteristics of delinquency cases and
maltreated children who become delinquent, risk factors, mental health needs of youth in the criminal justice system, challenges to agency collaboration, and promising strategies
for service integration are discussed.
However, while
maltreated children are at greater risk
for these negative effects, many
children are resilient in the face of adversity.
The article also discusses implications
for assessment of
maltreated children and prevention.
The data from this study suggest that those people who are most at risk
for destroying their love relationships altogether devote the most intense effort toward maintaining the semblance of bonds; inept mothers and their
children scrap and feud; mildly abusing mothers and their infants are hostile and difficult, but many severely
maltreating mothers and their
children do not dare to challenge the durability of their relationships.
A Comprehensive Framework
for Nurturing the Well - Being of
Children and Adolescents (PDF - 676 KB) In Integrating Safety, Permanency and Well - Being Biglan (2014) Presents a framework to ensure successful youth development and well - being for children who have been maltreated, or are at risk of being maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
Children and Adolescents (PDF - 676 KB) In Integrating Safety, Permanency and Well - Being Biglan (2014) Presents a framework to ensure successful youth development and well - being
for children who have been maltreated, or are at risk of being maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
children who have been
maltreated, or are at risk of being
maltreated, indicating that comprehensive family support from prenatal / birth through adolescence is necessary to aid
children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltr
children in recovering after abuse has occurred and to prevent future maltreatment.
«A bold and important book... must reading
for all legal,
child welfare, and mental health professionals involved with
maltreated children and their families.»
The relative efficacy of two interventions in altering
maltreated preschool
children's representational models: Implications
for attachment theory.
For more than 35 years, Dr. Jones Harden has focused on the developmental and mental health needs of young
children at environmental risk, specifically
children who have been
maltreated, are in the foster care system, or have been exposed to multiple family risks such as maternal depression, parent substance use, and poverty.
Like all young
children,
maltreated children need to receive regular medical care that includes the full schedule of immunizations, regular dental exams, and screening
for vision and hearing problems.