Because energy is required to power these chemical transformations, there is less available to raise the temperatures inside the bubble to the intensity
required for nuclear fusion to occur.
A team of scientists claims to have seen evidence
for nuclear fusion in a beaker of organic solvent — a stunning claim that, if true, may eventually have important consequences for nuclear proliferation and energy production.
This fascinating documentary about the
quest for nuclear fusion as a silver bullet for the world's energy thirst is at the same time informative and entertaining as it dives into both the insane and insanely expensive ways of achieving the technology (see the trailer for a taste).
After reading yesterday's post on the brewing fight over funding
for nuclear fusion research, Robert L. Hirsch, who directed the country's fusion energy program in the 1970s through the Atomic Energy Commission, got in touch to describe how his views of the prospects of harnessing fusion as a practical energy source have evolved.
In an experiment, this process would create the
conditions for nuclear fusion in a plasma composed of the hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium.
It turns out that the universe could not have been much smaller than it is in
order for nuclear fusion to have occurred during the first 3 minutes after the Big Bang.
An international team of astronomers has identified a record breaking brown dwarf (a star too
small for nuclear fusion) with the «purest» composition and the highest mass yet known.
Of course, our immediate response is that we are still six orders of magnitude too small in energy, and there is no
possibility for nuclear fusion from sonoluminescence.
While many researchers would concede temperatures of up to, say, 10,000 kelvins (which is way too
low for nuclear fusion), a much smaller number would feel comfortable with temperatures in the millions of degrees range.
As science equipment, Angara is useful in plasma physics experiments and, ultimately, could help determine the conditions
necessary for nuclear fusion; as a military tool, its powerful pulse of electrical energy can be converted into X-rays, providing scientists with a more convenient source of the radiation for testing weapons systems against the effects of nuclear blasts than that generated traditionally by a real nuclear explosion underground.
Hydrodynamic shock code simulations supported the observed data and indicated highly compressed, hot (106 to 107 kelvin) bubble implosion conditions, as required
for nuclear fusion reactions.
Each of these spinning magnetic storms is the size of Europe, and together they may be pumping enough energy into the solar atmosphere to heat it to millions of degrees — a power that leads one scientist to suggest we could mimic these solar tornadoes on Earth in the quest
for nuclear fusion power.
Fisch notes that «our original ideas grew out of the thesis of Abe Fetterman, who began by considering centrifugal mirror
confinement for nuclear fusion, but then realized the potential for mass separation.
The collapse is sudden and heats the carbon and oxygen nuclei left from the dead star's red giant phase to temperatures great
enough for nuclear fusion.
Such huge powers are interesting for nonlinear optics in an extreme regime, e.g. for high harmonic generation, but
also for nuclear fusion research.
This imploding shock wave can compress the interior of the bubble's contents even more; indeed, William C. Moss and his colleagues at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have obtained theoretical estimates of the temperatures achievable with an imploding shock wave, and these values approach those
required for nuclear fusion.