Sentences with phrase «for ocean carbon»

Gruber, N., et al. (2010), Towards an integrated observing system for ocean carbon and biogeochemistry at a time of change, in Proceedings of OceanObs» 09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, vol.

Not exact matches

Cross says that as the oceans absorb more carbon dioxide, the more acidic the water becomes, which hurts marine life and makes it harder for organisms to grow skeletons and build shells.

The new report «Lights Out for the Reef», written by University of Queensland coral reef biologist Selina Ward, noted that reefs were vulnerable to several different effects of climate change; including rising sea temperatures and increased carbon dioxide in the ocean, which causes acidification.

The current Wikipedia entry on air pollution, for example, now asserts that pollution includes: «carbon dioxide (CO2)-- a colorless, odorless, non-toxic greenhouse gas associated with ocean acidification, emitted from sources such as combustion, cement production, and respiration.»

Carbon is constantly being recycled throughout the world: It's taken in by plants as carbon dioxide, for example, and is dissolved in the oceans.

«For example, [measuring] chlorophyll a will give you information about how much biological activity is going on, and eventually more information about the concentration of carbon dioxide within the ocean and the atmosphere,» said Yoshihisa Shirayama, executive director of research at the Japan Agency for Marine - Earth Science and Technology in TokFor example, [measuring] chlorophyll a will give you information about how much biological activity is going on, and eventually more information about the concentration of carbon dioxide within the ocean and the atmosphere,» said Yoshihisa Shirayama, executive director of research at the Japan Agency for Marine - Earth Science and Technology in Tokfor Marine - Earth Science and Technology in Tokyo.

Faster winds are affecting how much heat and carbon dioxide the oceans soak up, with immense consequences for us all, finds Anil Ananthaswamy

For example, soil is second only to oceans as the planet's largest carbon sink, while agriculture and land use changes represent the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.

Plankton plays an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle by removing half of all CO2 from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and storing it deep under the sea — isolated from the atmosphere for centuries.

Although some lakes can also absorb CO2 at their surfaces similar to the way oceans do, the increases in these other sources of organic and inorganic carbon are likely the dominant factor, says Scott Higgins, a research scientist at the International Institute for Sustainable Development's Experimental Lakes Area, a natural laboratory of 58 small lakes in Ontario.

Previously, he has shown that the rocks beneath the oceans could be home to the largest population of prokaryotes on Earth, and account for one tenth of all living carbon.

In fact, it will take many thousands of years for the excess carbon dioxide to completely leave the atmosphere and be stored in the ocean, and the effect on temperature and sea level will last equally long.»

When the creatures die, they sink to the ocean floor, effectively sequestering that carbon for hundreds or even thousands of years.

«The active transportation of carbon from the atmosphere into the ocean has never been quantified at this scale before, but our calculations indicate that we may be able to double the previous estimate for the North Atlantic carbon capture,» said DTU Aqua's Senior Researcher Sigrun Jonasdottir, the lead contributor to the article.

Nitrospinae bacteria, which use the nitrogen compound nitrite to «fix» inorganic carbon dioxide into sugars and other compounds for food and reproduction, are responsible for 15 to 45 percent of such carbon fixation in the western North Atlantic Ocean, researchers report in the...

«If the winds continue to increase as a result of global warming, then we will continue to see increased energy in eddies and jets that will have significant implications for the ability of the Southern Ocean to store carbon dioxide and heat,» said Dr Hogg.

If we do not plan, now, to limit carbon emissions beyond this century, we will foolishly raise the oceans dramatically for thousands of years

Faster winds are affecting how much heat and carbon dioxide the oceans soak up, with immense consequences for us all

By looking at the chemistry of rocks deposited during that time period, specifically coupled carbon and sulfur isotope data, a research team led by University of California, Riverside biogeochemists reports that oxygen - free and hydrogen sulfide - rich waters extended across roughly five percent of the global ocean during this major climatic perturbation — far more than the modern ocean's 0.1 percent but much less than previous estimates for this event.

For instance, the deep microbes, estimated to hold one - third of Earth's total biomass, take carbon out of the ocean and sequester it when they die.

It would help scientists better understand clouds and carbon dioxide exchange between ocean and air, monitor air quality, improve forecasts for harmful algal blooms, and more.

«However, there may be extreme survivor molecules that persist and store carbon in the oceans for millions of years,» Stubbins said.

It may takes tens of thousands of years for oceans to recover from the acidity caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide

Studies on coral, mollusks, and other ocean denizens are helping to paint a picture of what the future might entail for specific species, should carbon emissions continue to increase.

For example, he has said in recent years that vast carbon dioxide emissions might ultimately cause a runaway greenhouse effect like on Venus that would boil the oceans and make Earth uninhabitable, the Times reported.

The U.S. EPA is considering stiffening standards for the ocean acidification caused by rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere

Scientists believe that the different pattern of deep ocean circulation was responsible for the elevated temperatures 3 million years ago when the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere was arguably what it is now and the temperature was 4 degree Fahrenheit higher.

More and more prominent climate and energy scientists have expressed support for studies into various geoengineering approaches, such as sequestering carbon in the ocean by growing large swaths of algae.

As a result — and for reasons that remain unexplained — the waters of the Southern Ocean may have begun to release carbon dioxide, enough to raise concentrations in the atmosphere by more than 100 parts per million over millennia — roughly equivalent to the rise in the last 200 years.

For Dr. Houghton, «There is no question that land and oceans have, for at least the last five and half decades, been taking up about half of the carbon emitted each yeFor Dr. Houghton, «There is no question that land and oceans have, for at least the last five and half decades, been taking up about half of the carbon emitted each yefor at least the last five and half decades, been taking up about half of the carbon emitted each year.

For at least the last five and half decades, land and oceans have been taking up about half of the carbon emitted each year.

When phytoplankton die, their carbon - based bodies sink to the ocean floor, where they can remain for millions of years.

This paper outlines a new framework for assessing errors and their impact on the uncertainties associated with calculating carbon sinks on land and in oceans.

In his letter on ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), Graham Cox suggests it could be used to fertilise surface waters with nutrient - rich deep water to promote plankton growth for carbon capture (1 December, p 31).

«To save coral reefs, we need to transform our energy system into one that does not use the atmosphere and oceans as waste dumps for carbon dioxide pollution.

We have shown that hydrothermal vent fluids contain almost none of the organic carbon which accumulates in the oceans, which means that vents are a sink for this unreactive «stored» carbon.»

When carbon dioxide, CO2, from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, it forms carbonic acid (the same thing that makes soda fizz), making the ocean more acidic and decreasing the ocean's pH. This increase in acidity makes it more difficult for many marine organisms to grow their shells and skeletons, and threatens coral reefs the world over.

Some of this carbon then sinks to the bottom of the ocean when the phytoplankton die, locking it away in the deep sea for thousands of years.

The approach ranked as the study's least viable strategy, in part because less than a quarter of the algae could be expected to eventually sink to the bottom of the ocean, which would be the only way that carbon would be sequestered for a long period of time.

«For most of Earth's history, most of this carbon has been deposited not in the deep ocean but rather on the margins of continents.

Co-author Professor Eric Achterberg, from the University of Southampton, said: «The beauty of this approach is that with both field and laboratory experiments we were able to prove how the mechanisms operate for the removal of organic carbon in the deep ocean.»

And while carbon dioxide is crucial for plant life, the carbon balance on Earth is a delicate cycle, with oceans and land able to absorb only so much CO2.

We would think that if an ice sheet covered the oceans it would have had an impact on marine production or photosynthesis and we find no carbon isotopic evidence for this.

For assessing the global ocean - carbon sink, McKinley and her co-authors from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NCAR and the University of Colorado Boulder used the model to establish a long - running climate scenario from historical data.

The model also accounted for natural drivers of change, including the direct influence of increased carbon dioxide on ocean - carbon uptake and the indirect effect that a changing climate has on the physical state of the ocean and its relationship to atmospheric carbon dioxide.

In using the model to assess the ocean - carbon sink, the researchers assumed a «business as usual» carbon dioxide emissions trajectory, the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario found in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for 2006 - 2010, where emissions continue to rise throughout the 21st century.

Ocean acidification in particular, caused as the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, is a grave concern for stony corals, because it makes it harder for the animals to passively precipitate skeletons made of calcium carbonate, the same molecule found in antacids for heartburn and indigesOcean acidification in particular, caused as the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, is a grave concern for stony corals, because it makes it harder for the animals to passively precipitate skeletons made of calcium carbonate, the same molecule found in antacids for heartburn and indigesocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, is a grave concern for stony corals, because it makes it harder for the animals to passively precipitate skeletons made of calcium carbonate, the same molecule found in antacids for heartburn and indigestion.

«The faster a particle sinks, the more likely its carbon will be stored in the ocean for centuries,» she says.

As the oceans absorb increasing amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, ocean acidification is expected to make life harder for many marine organisms, especially shellfish and other animals with shells or skeletons made of calcium carbonate.

They incorporated the lifecycle of phytoplankton and zooplankton — small, often microscopic animals at the bottom of the food chain — into a novel mechanistic model for assessing the global ocean carbon export.