Sentences with phrase «for ocean circulation by»

Surface freshwater plays an important role for ocean circulation by its influence on the formation of deep water masses.

Not exact matches

This model is widely used by both UK and international groups for research into ocean circulation, climate and marine ecosystems, and operationally as part of the UK Met Office's weather forecasting.

They will look for evidence of temperature changes caused by ocean circulation patterns in both the North Atlantic and tropical Pacific Oceans, which drive precipitation in Tibet as well as the Indian monsoons.

RE # 39 (sorry for being off - topic), there are still more threats to plankton from GW, according to a NATURE article just out («Decline of the marine ecosystem caused by a reduction in the Atlantic overturning circulation,» Schmittner, Vol 434 No 7033, Mar 31, p. 628): If the Atlantic ocean conveyor is disrupted due to freshwater entering, then the nutrients for plankton will not be churned up, perhaps reducing plankton by half.

The visualization covers the period June 2005 to December 2007 and is based on a synthesis of a numerical model with observational data, created by a NASA project called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, or ECCO for short.

A recent paper by Vecchi and Soden (preprint) published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters has been widely touted in the news (and some egregiously bad editorials), and the blogosphere as suggesting that increased vertical wind shear associated with tropical circulation changes may offset any tendencies for increased hurricane activity in the tropical Atlantic due to warming oceans.

A new study in Science Advances by Wei Liu and colleagues at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego and the University of Wisconsin - Madison has important implications for the future stability of the overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean.

If tropical cyclone occurrence decreases, less of the heat is dissipated, and unless ocean circulation in some way compensates by transporting the additional thermal energy elsewhere (i.e. for example out of the «main development region» of the Atlantic) some day a storm will tap the enhanced energy source.

I clearly see that the change in surface temperature and TOA radiative forcing simulated by the model depends upon the model complexity, for example, how the ocean circulations are represented.

Using an ocean circulation model for the shelf, the authors find that surface temperatures may increase by 0.5 to 2.0 °C, seasonal surface salinity may drop by up to 2 PSS in some areas, and that Haida Eddies will strengthen, as will the Vancouver Island Coastal Current and freshwater discharges into coastal waters.

A Google search for the passage «explore changes in ocean circulation caused by the growth of extensive fast ice» in November yields zero results:

For example, conditions at the poles affect how much heat is retained by the earth because of the reflective properties of ice and snow, the world's ocean circulation depends on sinking in polar regions, and melting of the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets could have drastic effects on sea level.

for article Threshold in North Atlantic - Arctic Ocean circulation controlled by the subsidence of the Greenland - Scotland Ridge.

We evaluate the GRACE RL05 data versus the previous release (RL04) over the oceans using OBP estimates produced by the ECCO (Estimating the Circulation and Climate) project, for six years from 2005 to 2010.

The surface of the oceans are always warmer than the depths of the oceans > If you change the mixing efficiency, by shifting atmospheric circulations with solar precessional cycle for example, the mixing efficiency changes and the regions where precipitation falls changes.

As I say — if driven by solar UV as a conteol variable for instance these periods are not precise the same and on Earth they are modified further in ocean and atmosphere circulation.

In recent decades, much research on these topics has raised the questions of «tipping points» and «system flips,» where feedbacks in the system compound to rapidly cause massive reorganization of global climate over very short periods of time — a truncation or reorganization of the thermohaline circulation or of food web structures, for instance, caused by the loss of sea ice or warming ocean temperatures.

The atmosphere and oceans, through their general circulation, act as vast heat engines, compensating for this imbalance by providing nonradiative mechanisms for the transfer of heat from the Equator to the poles.

And so a strong claim can be made that climate change is now at least partially responsible for all global weather although the part played by climate change could be small for any individual climate event relative to other causes such as normal ocean circulation patterns.

Importantly, the changes in cereal yield projected for the 2020s and 2080s are driven by GHG - induced climate change and likely do not fully capture interannual precipitation variability which can result in large yield reductions during dry periods, as the IPCC (Christensen et al., 2007) states: ``... there is less confidence in the ability of the AOGCMs (atmosphere - ocean general circulation models) to generate interannual variability in the SSTs (sea surface temperatures) of the type known to affect African rainfall, as evidenced by the fact that very few AOGCMs produce droughts comparable in magnitude to the Sahel droughts of the 1970s and 1980s.»

The climate models have gotten more complex, for sure, with thousands of estimated parameters for warming potential, vorticity, circulation patterns, absorption of heat, pressure, energy, and momentum by various layers or atmosphere, land, ocean, and sea - ice.

For me, that means I'd like to see it broken down, which Coby has done well so far, by (these are just examples i'd like to see): Factors and evidence supporting or effectively debunking a) ocean acidity, which in itself has produced a number of alarming effects including less saline density in turn causing a slowing of thermohaline circulation (such as the gulf stream) b) photosynthesis - carbon sinks vs. sources or any direction that you'd like to take using what science knows CO2 to have an effect on.

There is a similar theory for how African climate was affected by New Guinea moving northward to close off the easy circulation between Pacific and Indian Oceans: Mark A. Cane, Peter Molnar, «Closing of the Indonesian seaway as a precursor to east African aridification around 3 — 4 million years ago,» Nature 411:157 - 162 (10 May 2001).

The pre-Holocene climate shifts seem to be well accounted for by dynamics of glacial meltoff, freshwater discharge, and the impact on the ocean circulation... all of which is less of an issue in an initially warm climate, and the AR5 generation models give no indication that the overturning circulation will be significantly impacted over the coming century.

It's still cutting - edge research and there's no smoking gun, but there's evidence that with less sea ice, you put a lot of heat from the ocean into the atmosphere, and the circulation of the atmosphere responds to that... We've seen a tendency for autumns with low sea ice cover to be followed by a negative Arctic Oscillation.

For the July report, we received 14 June SIO submissions from dynamical models: 5 from ice - ocean models forced by atmospheric reanalysis or other atmospheric model output (in green in Figure 3) and 9 from fully coupled general circulation models (in blue in Figure 3).

Regional circulation patterns have significantly changed in recent years.2 For example, changes in the Arctic Oscillation can not be explained by natural variation and it has been suggested that they are broadly consistent with the expected influence of human - induced climate change.3 The signature of global warming has also been identified in recent changes in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a pattern of variability in sea surface temperatures in the northern Pacific Ocean.4

Although we focus on a hypothesized CR - cloud connection, we note that it is difficult to separate changes in the CR flux from accompanying variations in solar irradiance and the solar wind, for which numerous causal links to climate have also been proposed, including: the influence of UV spectral irradiance on stratospheric heating and dynamic stratosphere - troposphere links (Haigh 1996); UV irradiance and radiative damage to phytoplankton influencing the release of volatile precursor compounds which form sulphate aerosols over ocean environments (Kniveton et al. 2003); an amplification of total solar irradiance (TSI) variations by the addition of energy in cloud - free regions enhancing tropospheric circulation features (Meehl et al. 2008; Roy & Haigh 2010); numerous solar - related influences (including solar wind inputs) to the properties of the global electric circuit (GEC) and associated microphysical cloud changes (Tinsley 2008).

And as the for the reason for this year's Arctic ice melt, NASA and university scientists have detected an ongoing reversal in Arctic Ocean circulation triggered by atmospheric circulation changes that varies on decade - long time scales.

Furthermore, the statistical methodology that is used to estimate the model can successfully recover the values for the transient climate response from temperature simulations generated by the coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation models run for CMIP (26).

The reason for this is obvious, there is general agreement that it was caused by the opening of the Tasman Sea and the inception of circumpolar circulation in the Southern Ocean, which isolated Antarctica from warm low - latitude air.

There are also other natural «modes of variability» which may be affected by a climate change, for instance if the heat transport in the oceans are to change (e.g. the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation AMOC).

The study, entitled «The Recent Shift in Early Summer Arctic Atmospheric Circulation,» was co-authored by scientists from Rutgers University in New Jersey, the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom, and the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, a partnership of NOAA and the University of Washington.

Modeling long - term climate change for the entire planet, however, was held back by lack of computer power, ignorance of key processes such as cloud formation, inability to calculate the crucial ocean circulation, and insufficient data on the world's actual climate.

Here we probe the system to determine whether certain regions of the Southern Ocean are more critical than others for air — sea CO2 balance and the biological export production, by increasing surface nutrient drawdown in an ocean general circulation mOcean are more critical than others for air — sea CO2 balance and the biological export production, by increasing surface nutrient drawdown in an ocean general circulation mocean general circulation model.

In general, oscillations occur most readily for large values of κ v, when the mean state of the ocean is characterized by a strong meridional overturning circulation.