Sentences with phrase «for plant genome»

Over the last 35 years the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been the workhorse tool for plant genome engineering.

Not exact matches

The platform is used for everything from analyzing seismic data to find promising places to drill for oil to looking at plant genomes in search of new hybrids.

Selection for this suite of traits leaves a mark on the plant's genome by the reduction of genetic diversity in the areas that code for these traits.

Thinking that more hemoglobin might help plants better survive a low - oxygen environment, Leif Bülow and colleagues at the Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering in Lund, Sweden, inserted the Vitreoscilla bacterium's hemoglobin gene into the tobacco genome.

The resulting backcrossed plants and information about their genomes, «shows a way forward for improving chickpeas and many other crops too,» says von Wettberg, a professor in UVM's Department of Plant and Soil Science.

The new method by Garaycochea and colleagues will enable researchers to strategically analyze this whole - genome sequence data and assemble the chloroplast genome for their plant of interest.

As for the identities of Mendel's other four genes, Weeden says he expects them to be revealed in the next few years as more plant genomes give up their sequences.

For a plant to create reproductive cells, it must first erase a key code, a series of tags attached to DNA across the genome known as epigenetic marks.

«Studying the genome of water - efficient plants may also provide insights into a plant's ability to use slightly saline water and maintain growth under higher temperature and lower clean water availability,» said Jerry Tuskan, coauthor and chief executive officer of the Center for Bioenergy Innovation led by ORNL.

Also online, an interactive feature including informational graphics, video clips, and more, as well as accompanying Web resources, explore how plant genome research is contributing to our understanding of plant biology and evolution and leading to tangible benefits for society.

He is typical of plant - genome scientists, whose work often combines a passion for understanding their subjects» inner workings with a belief that their findings will help counter some of humanity's most urgent problems: hunger and malnutrition, the demand for renewable energy, and climate change.

Chloroplasts evolve slowly, so researchers use next - generation sequencing to look for subtle differences in their genomes to determine how two plants from different populations might be related.

The USDA is negotiating a deal between the US and Britain on sharing data, whereby wheat information would be deposited in the National Agricultural Library's plant genome database in Maryland, and British scientists would receive software tools for interrogating the database.

Uribe - Convers and colleagues tested this approach by amplifying chloroplast genomes for 30 species across flowering plants.

To use CallHap, researchers must first obtain a reference genome sequence for their target species, either from previously published work or by sequencing the DNA of a single plant.

The shared genome map cries out for shared research, but the competitive advantage to plant breeders has apparently ruled out cooperation within the European Union.

«Genome editing technology is advancing rapidly; therefore it is timely to review the regulatory system for plant breeding by genome editing,» says Dr. Genome editing technology is advancing rapidly; therefore it is timely to review the regulatory system for plant breeding by genome editing,» says Dr. genome editing,» says Dr. Ishii.

Over the longer term, the identification of the coffee tree genome sequence opens up new possibilities for varietal improvement, knowledge of the specific functions of the genes (in particular those specific to coffee trees), the possibility of transferring results to other species, and refining diagnostic tools for the function of the plant.

Researchers looked for regions of each plant's genome that showed unusual patterns of variation consistent with past selective breeding acting on the VRN - D4 gene.

When they inserted those genes into crop genomes, through a technique called recombinant DNA, the plants were able to produce the protein for bug resistance on their own, eliminating the need to spray insecticide.

Dr Chatterjee's research uses an approach called TILLING (Targeting Induced Lesions In The Genome), an established non-GM method for creating and discovering new traits in plants.

The authors then combined the new genomes with thousands of publicly available genomes that represent the major groups of plant - associated bacteria, and included bacteria from multiple plant and non-plant environments, such as the human gut, for comparison.

As scientists race to decode genomes — not just of humans but of bacteria, yeast, chimps, dogs, whales and plants — the number of DNA sequences available for analysis has grown 40,000-fold in the past 20 years, providing unprecedented insight into billions of years of species evolution.

(Ill - fitting because humans have been indirectly, and much less precisely, modifying plant and animal genomes for thousands of years via selective breeding, and evolution has been doing it for as long as there has been life on Earth.)

«Each of these 10 genomes encodes for a unique composition of CAZymes — and the wider assortment helps formulate enzyme cocktails better suited for different types of plant biomass to efficiently convert them into biofuels,» Grigoriev said.

On 20 December 2013, a paper by the Amborella Genome Sequencing Project that includes a full description of the analyses performed by the project, as well as implications for flowering plant research, will be published in the journal Science.

Many crop plants contain genomes that are hundreds or tens of thousands times larger: wheat, for example, has an estimated 15 billion base pairs.

With an entire plant genome to work from, biologists can now probe the genes responsible for such basic plant activities as budding, blooming, sleeping and seeding.

«Because of Amborella's pivotal phylogenetic position, it is an evolutionary reference genome that allows us to better understand genome changes in those flowering plants that evolved later, including genome evolution of our many crop plants — hence, it will be essential for crop improvement,» stressed Doug Soltis of the University of Florida.

«These archaeological remains provided a unique opportunity for us to finally sequence a Chalcolithic plant genome.

A genetic analysis, which included sequencing the entire genome of Cephalotus, found strong evidence that during their evolution into carnivores, each of these plants co-opted many of the same ancient proteins to create enzymes for digesting prey.

They have made possible wholesale scans that turn up new gene modifications and variations, and the same should prove true for the new human gene arrays, says Joseph Ecker, a plant scientist at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California, who has helped pioneer whole - genome chips for Arabidopsis.

First, samples of leaves from these plants are collected for in vitro cultures to isolate the fungi; then the DNA and RNA of fungi are extracted to sequence them and, through bioinformatic analysis, the researcher can determine the expression, the presence or absence of genes in the genomes of a species against each other.

«Setaria viridis is a small plant that can produce a lot of seeds faster, has a pretty simple genome and can serve as a model for research.»

Whole - genome chips exist already for five other organisms: the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, a plant called Arabidopsis tumefaciens, and the gut bacterium Escherichia coli.

For the individual plant, those possibilities depend on the genome it was born with.

Still - unfunded plan would start with all plants, animals, and other eukaryotes — some 1.5 million species — for the cost of the original human genome project

«The animals also do not have the genes for plant - digesting enzymes in their own genome.

As more such species are sequenced, he says, «everyone will be using these» genomes to find out which genes are responsible for particular functions, especially for plant pathogens such as Fusarium, which causes ear rot in corn and puts out mycotoxins in animal feed.

The discovery, the product of a multiyear effort to provide a high - quality full genome map of the oil palm plant and to scour the sequence for genes of importance to both science and industry, has major implications for agriculture and the environment.

While looking for ways to make tomatoes and other crop plants more productive, BTI Assistant Professor Joyce Van Eck and former postdoctoral scientist Sarika Gupta developed a better method for «transforming» a tomato — a process that involves inserting DNA into the tomato genome and growing a new plant.

At just under 600,000 bases, M. genitalium sports the smallest known genome for a free - living organism, and Venter hoped that an artificial genome could be modified to turn the bacterium into a living chemical - manufacturing plant.

Of the three cell wall components, lignin is the most troublesome for the biofuel industry because it limits the extraction of cellulose and hemicellulose for biofuel production, according to Siobhan Brady, an assistant professor in the Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center at UC Davis and a co-author of the study.

the new information enabled the researchers to clarify aspects of the barley genome that are important in the context of genome evolution and for practical use of genome knowledge by plant breeders and basic researchers — namely, the locations of gene - rich regions including some that have low recombination

Scientists can readily obtain extensive genetic information for any plant species of interest, at a relatively low cost, rapidly accelerating the pace of genome sequencing.

Plastids have their own genome and are responsible for harvesting energy from light in photosynthetic plants and algae.

Nosil and his colleagues sequenced the genomes of dozens of individuals of each ecotype from multiple hillsides to assess the genetic differences that arose to make them specialized for their particular host plant.

His development of a method for stable transformation of land plant chloroplast genomes, once thought to be impossible, established the field of chloroplast genome engineering in higher plants and has led to an explosion of research concerning the chloroplast genome's role in photosynthesis, functional analysis of plastid genes by reverse genetics, and mechanisms of plastid gene regulation.

Support for the undergraduate intern program comes from the National Science Foundation through the Plant Genome Research Program grant awarded to Professor Georg Jander of BTI and Professor Jian Hua of Cornell University.

Researchers have sequenced the genome of the whitefly (Bemisia tabici), an invasive insect responsible for spreading plant viruses worldwide, causing billions of dollars in crop losses each year.