Sentences with phrase «for socioeconomic differences»

Another study of the entire population of Swedish children found that Swedish children from single - parent families were about twice as likely to have psychological problems, attempt suicide, or struggle with substance abuse, compared to their peers from two - parent families, even after controlling for socioeconomic differences and parents» history of psychological problems (see figure below).

Not exact matches

Sometimes innovation has to account for vast differences in cultural and socioeconomic conditions.

To strive for equity in delivering a transformative, healing, and empowering experience to those communities that recognizes and embraces our differences in race, religion, ability, nationality, sexual orientation, gender expression and identity, family structure, cancer stage or type, or socioeconomic status.

As we have suggested previously, 3,39 use of routine data to evaluate the effectiveness of local or national policy changes over time, or between areas, with respect to breastfeeding rates needs to account for differences in ethnic composition and socioeconomic status.

In Canada, where women do not pay for medical care associated with pregnancy and delivery, the difference between home births and hospital births is probably not contaminated by socioeconomic status.

This is consistent with other studies demonstrating a link between breastfeeding and maternal sensitivity.25, 26,27 For example, in a longitudinal study of more than 1300 families in the USA, mothers who breast fed were observed to be more sensitive to their babies at 6, 15, 24 and 36 months.27 Importantly, this difference persisted after statistical control for the effects of maternal mental health, the quality of the home environment in terms of infant health and stimulation and socioeconomic statFor example, in a longitudinal study of more than 1300 families in the USA, mothers who breast fed were observed to be more sensitive to their babies at 6, 15, 24 and 36 months.27 Importantly, this difference persisted after statistical control for the effects of maternal mental health, the quality of the home environment in terms of infant health and stimulation and socioeconomic statfor the effects of maternal mental health, the quality of the home environment in terms of infant health and stimulation and socioeconomic status.

In the meta - regression analyses, studies controlling for socioeconomic factors showed smaller systolic blood pressure differences between breast - and bottle - fed subjects.

In meta - regression analysis, there was weak evidence that studies not controlling for socioeconomic factors (pooled difference: — 2.0 mmHg) had mean differences in blood pressure 1.4 mmHg higher (95 percent CI: — 0.6, 3.3; p = 0.17) than in studies controlling for socioeconomic factors (pooled difference: — 0.9 mmHg).

These socioeconomic differences were accounted for by researchers via questionnaire.

Even after controlling for socioeconomic and demographic differences, immigrant women have higher rates of initiation and duration of breastfeeding than women born in the United States (18).

A reanalysis of the New Zealand data by Ole Røgeberg of the Ragnar Frisch Center for Economic Research in Oslo, however, suggested that the IQ difference could be explained by socioeconomic factors.

But differences between occupations accounted for 50.1 percent, while differences between socioeconomic status accounted for 32.2 percent.

However, even after controlling for socioeconomic status, the difference remained: black women were 1.84 times as likely to be diagnosed with the triple negative subtype.

«The discordant twin design minimizes a number of potentially confounding factors that may explain the association between childhood verbal ability and subsequent alcohol use by «controlling» for differences on variables [such as] socioeconomic differences or family factors that, if excluded, could cloud the interpretation of findings.»

«These differences remained statistically significant and robust even when we controlled for multiple known risk factors for initiating cigarette smoking, such as age, sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sensation seeking, parental smoking and friend smoking,» Dr. Primack said.

Further analyses show that graft failure and mortality rates remained higher among minority groups compared to white children after accounting for differences in demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic factors.

Experts suggest that as survival rates improve, understanding racial and socioeconomic differences in pediatric populations are important factors to consider for overall health status.

The assessment will obtain data on environmental and psychosocial factors that may account for socioeconomic, racial and ethnic differences in problem behavior.

There is also a vast difference in the access to consistent healthcare for people of various socioeconomic statuses.

In discussing the limited evidence for the «probable» link between red meat and colorectal cancer, the WHO itself concedes that it is not possible to rule out other explanations (which it helpfully describes as «chance, bias or confounding»).2 Harcombe agrees, arguing that even when studies strive to adjust statistically for baseline differences in relevant factors such as socioeconomic status, body mass index, physical activity, smoking status and diabetes, it is impossible to grapple fully with all the factors that differentiate «the couch potato» from «the paleo buff» (her ideal), or to take into account the «chasm» that separates fresh and traditionally preserved meats from modern manufactured meat products.9

The OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) shows that some countries have been successful both in lifting overall levels of achievement and in reducing differences related to socioeconomic background.

As late as April and May of their senior year of high school ~ there is a lack of knowledge among students about how they will pay for college There are substantial gender and socioeconomic differences evident in choosing STEM majors Parents and friends are key sources of support for postsecondary transition planning that need to be fully utilized On average ~ students do nt see college and career readiness counseling services as being as frequent or helpful as do their counselors and principals in terms of social and emotional development ~ financial planning ~ college and career planning and scheduling.

We find larger effects for low - income children, such that these reforms narrowed adult socioeconomic attainment differences between those raised in low - vs. high - income families.

In addition to supporting racial equality in schools, Brown gave rise to numerous social movements seeking educational equality for students across all lines of difference, including gender and sexual orientation, religion, language, physical handicaps, immigration status, and socioeconomic level.

Researchers identified a «consistent, positive relationship between student exposure to high - quality intellectual assignments and students» learning gains on the test — even after controlling for race, socioeconomic class, gender, and prior achievement differences among classrooms.»

Without accounting for any differences in students» socioeconomic status, the Spanish language and mathematics test scores of students who attend network schools are considerably higher than the scores of those attending stand - alone schools.

We compare the test scores of students in each of the seven categories, taking into account differences in the students» socioeconomic characteristics, including parent schooling, self - reported household income, the number of non-school books in the home, and the quality of the peer groups (calculated by averaging family background and home resources for all students in the classroom).

The simple feature of eliminating a default school assignment by the school district — thus requiring every parent to engage in school choice — eliminates socioeconomic differences in the likelihood that parents will shop for schools.

It was particularly striking that several of these mindsets made the most difference for students either in low performing schools or in lower socioeconomic quartiles.

Once we adjusted the data for the effects of socioeconomic status, birth weight, participation in WIC, and a few other variables, we were able to fully account for the difference in test scores.

These findings confirm those from a variety of previous studies, which have shown that adjusting the data for students» socioeconomic status is usually enough to eliminate most or all of the difference between blacks and whites in educational attainment.

After analyzing student outcome data and comparing current student performance with annual yearly progress benchmarks for student achievement, the leadership team agrees that there are significant differences in outcomes among students of diverse racial, ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds unrelated to socioeconomic status???.

For instance, socioeconomic differences among students in various countries were not considered, said Adam Still, a co-author of the report and an education finance and development specialist for GEMS, in a phone interviFor instance, socioeconomic differences among students in various countries were not considered, said Adam Still, a co-author of the report and an education finance and development specialist for GEMS, in a phone intervifor GEMS, in a phone interview.

These requests for continued, occasional support cut across racial, ethnic, gender, and socioeconomic differences.

Findings indicated some differences based on ethnicity and gender, but most differences were observed between lower and higher socioeconomic groups, particularly for social support and social and behavioral self concept.

Much, but not all, of the racial and socioeconomic sorting we document is accounted for by differences in achievement, particularly at the high school level.

Controlling for socioeconomic variables, there are no big differences between the private and public system in the SIMCE.

This article reviews the details of the bonus program, describes patterns of differences between schools that qualify for bonuses of differing amounts, and presents basic data to address the question of whether the bonus program has improved student achievement, or has led to a narrowing of racial or socioeconomic achievement gaps.

Pets for Life embraces the human component of the human - animal equation by approaching people in a respectful way and recognizing that people's love for their pets transcends socioeconomic circumstances and cultural differences.

In fact, they are absolutely necessary and appropriate because they are consistent with the essence of the origins of workplace diversity and inclusion initiatives — i.e., ensuring fairness in providing economic opportunities for people regardless of their immutable differences and socioeconomic backgrounds, and creating an environment where people can progress regardless of these differences.

Our differences — race, ethnicity, gender, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, age, socioeconomic status, abilities, experience and more — enhance our ability to achieve the fellowship program's core mission of preparing future lawyers with the knowledge and practical skills to reshape our profession and make justice more accessible for underserved communities.

Population average models were used to account for the longitudinal study design and correlation of repeated measurements, and an interaction term between maternal education (our socioeconomic measure) and age was included in order to examine whether differences in health inequalities by age were statistically significant.

Some research suggests that the academic deficits associated with living with a single mother are less pronounced for black than for white children.37 One study found that growing up in a single - parent family predicted lower socioeconomic attainment among white women, white men, and black women, but not among black men.38 McLanahan and Sandefur found that white offspring from single - parent families were more likely to drop out of high school than were African American offspring from single - parent families.39 African American children may thus adjust better than white children to life in single - parent families, although the explanation for this difference is not clear.

The second problem is that the environmental factors examined in the studies usually cited as evidence for gene - environment interactions — for example, high family conflict (Bergeman, Plomin, McClearn, Pedersen, & Friberg, 1988), low socioeconomic status (Cloninger, Sigvardsson, Bohman, & von Knorring, 1982), or criminal parents (Mednick, Gabrielli, & Hutchings, 1987)-- can not account for differences between siblings reared together.

Others have also consistently reported that breastfed children score slightly higher than those bottlefed on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development or later tests of IQ, such as the McCarthy Scales, after controlling for standard covariates including socioeconomic status (SES), maternal age and education, maternal smoking and drinking, 16, 17 and in one study maternal psychological state.18 Longitudinal studies indicate that these differences persist to 5 years and into school age.

The second research stream explores race / ethnic and socioeconomic differences in family formation experiences and orientations and the consequence of these for well - being and health disparities.

In a meta - analysis, Feingold (1992) found that women accorded more weight than men to socioeconomic status (SES), ambitiousness, character, and intelligence, and the largest gender differences were observed for cues to resource acquisition (status, ambitiousness).

Marital status and living arrangement differences in time with children largely disappear or single mothers engage in more child care than married mothers after controls for socioeconomic status and other characteristics are introduced.

A significant difference occurs, however, when we control for socioeconomic childhood conditions in model 2.

Two articles found that African American parents held significantly higher expectations than European American parents after controlling for socioeconomic status (SES)(Glick and White 2004; Hao and Bonstead - Burns 1998), while one study reported no significant difference between the two groups after SES was controlled (Suizzo and Stapleton 2007).